Section 8 PE Tables – Results from the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables, SAMHSA, CBHSQ

200420

Table 8.1A – Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Gender and Detailed Age Category: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Age Category	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Male (2018)	Male (2019)	Female (2018)	Female (2019)
TOTAL	47,635^a	51,495	18,308^a	19,758	29,327^a	31,737
18-25	8,944^a	9,930	3,526^a	3,856	5,419^a	6,074
18-20	3,262^a	3,757	1,280	1,427	1,982^a	2,330
21-25	5,682^a	6,172	2,245	2,429	3,437	3,744
26 or Older	38,691^a	41,565	14,782^a	15,902	23,908^a	25,663
26-49	22,721^a	25,279	9,037^a	9,884	13,684^a	15,396
26-29	4,857^a	5,512	2,041	2,245	2,817^a	3,266
30-34	5,756^a	6,421	2,352	2,618	3,404^a	3,803
35-39	4,848	5,148	2,025	1,903	2,822^a	3,244
40-44	3,731^a	4,280	1,444	1,581	2,287^a	2,699
45-49	3,530	3,919	1,176^a	1,536	2,354	2,383
50 or Older	15,969	16,286	5,745	6,018	10,224	10,268
50-54	3,438	3,504	1,483	1,481	1,955	2,023
55-59	3,591	3,720	1,347	1,439	2,244	2,281
60-64	2,881	2,809	971	872	1,910	1,938
65 or Older	6,059	6,252	1,943	2,226	4,116	4,026
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200420

Table 8.1B – Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Gender and Detailed Age Category: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Age Category	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Male (2018)	Male (2019)	Female (2018)	Female (2019)
TOTAL	19.1^a	20.6	15.2^a	16.3	22.8^a	24.5
18-25	26.3^a	29.4	20.6^a	22.8	32.0^a	36.1
18-20	25.0^a	28.5	18.6^a	21.2	32.2^a	36.3
21-25	27.1^a	30.0	22.1	23.9	31.8^a	36.0
26 or Older	18.0^a	19.2	14.3	15.3	21.4^a	22.8
26-49	22.5^a	25.0	18.1^a	19.8	26.8^a	30.0
26-29	27.2^a	30.5	22.8	24.6	31.7^a	36.7
30-34	25.9^a	28.8	21.5	23.9	30.3^a	33.6
35-39	22.1	24.0	18.9	18.3	25.2^a	29.4
40-44	19.1^a	22.2	14.8	16.7	23.3^a	27.5
45-49	18.2	19.3	12.5^a	15.3	23.6	23.4
50 or Older	14.0	14.1	10.8	11.2	16.9	16.7
50-54	16.7	17.0	14.8	14.5	18.5	19.4
55-59	16.5	17.5	13.4	14.0	19.2	20.8
60-64	14.1	13.7	9.5	8.9	18.8	17.9
65 or Older	11.8	11.8	8.5	9.4	14.6	13.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.2A – Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	47,635^a	51,495	8,944^a	9,930	38,691^a	41,565	22,721^a	25,279	15,969	16,286
GENDER
Male	18,308^a	19,758	3,526^a	3,856	14,782^a	15,902	9,037^a	9,884	5,745	6,018
Female	29,327^a	31,737	5,419^a	6,074	23,908^a	25,663	13,684^a	15,396	10,224	10,268
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	40,785^a	44,055	7,318^a	8,094	33,466^a	35,961	19,116^a	21,449	14,350	14,512
White	32,210^a	34,967	5,464^a	6,021	26,746^a	28,946	15,033^a	16,749	11,714	12,196
Black or African American	4,802	5,174	967	1,102	3,835	4,072	2,156^a	2,629	1,679	1,443
AIAN	333	260	50	52	282	208	160	111	*	*
NHOPI	198	164	*	*	*	126	*	110	*	*
Asian	2,081	2,100	537	513	1,544	1,587	1,196	1,133	348	454
Two or More Races	1,160	1,390	278^a	369	882	1,022	433^a	715	449	306
Hispanic or Latino	6,850	7,440	1,626	1,836	5,224	5,604	3,605	3,830	1,619	1,774
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	21,805^a	23,829	3,634^a	4,049	18,171^a	19,779	13,365^a	15,417	4,806	4,362
Part-Time	7,101^a	8,137	2,559^a	2,886	4,542^a	5,251	2,893	3,292	1,648	1,959
Unemployed	2,756	2,750	864	895	1,892	1,855	1,366	1,312	526	543
Other¹	15,972	16,780	1,887	2,099	14,085	14,680	5,096	5,258	8,989	9,422
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.2B – Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	19.1^a	20.6	26.3^a	29.4	18.0^a	19.2	22.5^a	25.0	14.0	14.1
GENDER
Male	15.2^a	16.3	20.6^a	22.8	14.3	15.3	18.1^a	19.8	10.8	11.2
Female	22.8^a	24.5	32.0^a	36.1	21.4^a	22.8	26.8^a	30.0	16.9	16.7
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	19.6^a	21.1	27.7^a	31.0	18.4^a	19.7	23.7^a	26.6	14.2	14.2
White	20.4^a	22.2	29.9^a	33.4	19.2^a	20.7	26.1^a	29.2	14.3	14.8
Black or African American	16.2	17.3	20.4^a	23.8	15.4	16.1	16.8^a	20.3	14.0	11.7
AIAN	22.1	18.7	22.6	23.6	22.0	17.7	26.1	22.1	*	*
NHOPI	21.1	16.6	*	*	*	15.1	*	20.2	*	*
Asian	14.7	14.4	23.7	24.6	13.0	12.7	16.0	15.7	7.8	8.6
Two or More Races	26.8	31.7	37.0	39.3	24.6	29.6	29.2	36.3	21.4	20.8
Hispanic or Latino	16.9	18.0	21.3	24.0	15.9	16.7	17.6	18.5	13.0	13.7
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	17.6^a	19.2	25.0^a	28.2	16.7^a	18.0	19.6^a	22.3	11.7	10.7
Part-Time	22.0^a	25.0	29.5^a	34.6	19.3	21.7	26.6^a	30.8	13.0	14.4
Unemployed	27.6	27.7	27.9	27.2	27.4	27.9	29.2	30.7	23.7	22.9
Other¹	19.3	20.1	24.5^a	27.1	18.7	19.4	29.4	30.4	15.5	16.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.3A – Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	47,635^a	51,495	8,944^a	9,930	38,691^a	41,565	22,721^a	25,279	15,969	16,286
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	8,291	8,608	1,616	1,611	6,675	6,997	3,885	3,970	2,790	3,027
Midwest	10,329^a	11,497	2,029^a	2,284	8,300^a	9,213	4,787^a	5,512	3,513	3,701
South	16,946^a	18,212	3,016^a	3,544	13,930	14,668	8,080^a	9,317	5,850	5,351
West	12,068^a	13,178	2,283	2,491	9,785^a	10,686	5,969	6,480	3,816	4,207
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	25,715^a	28,346	4,963^a	5,573	20,752^a	22,773	12,714^a	14,283	8,038	8,490
Small Metro	15,312	15,837	2,856	3,136	12,456	12,701	7,133	7,666	5,323	5,035
Nonmetro	6,608	7,312	1,125	1,222	5,483	6,090	2,874^a	3,330	2,608	2,761
Urbanized	3,153	3,100	545	596	2,608	2,504	1,435	1,475	1,173	1,029
Less Urbanized	2,820^a	3,554	508	515	2,312^a	3,039	1,207^a	1,528	1,105^a	1,511
Completely Rural	635	658	73	110	562	547	232	326	331	221
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	9,094	8,646	2,163	2,262	6,931	6,384	3,951	3,888	2,981	2,496
100-199%	10,091^a	11,258	2,126	2,338	7,966^a	8,920	4,573	4,692	3,392^a	4,228
200% or More	28,246^a	31,255	4,452^a	4,994	23,794^a	26,261	14,197^a	16,699	9,596	9,562
EDUCATION
< High School	5,628	5,505	970	1,107	4,658	4,399	1,993	2,066	2,665	2,332
High School Graduate	11,110	11,705	2,393^a	2,839	8,717	8,867	4,463	4,808	4,254	4,058
Some College/Associate's Degree	17,171	18,250	4,092^a	4,584	13,079	13,666	8,145	8,637	4,935	5,029
College Graduate	13,725^a	16,034	1,489	1,400	12,236^a	14,633	8,121^a	9,768	4,115^a	4,865
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	28,245^a	30,795	5,655^a	6,308	22,590^a	24,487	13,379^a	15,301	9,212	9,186
Medicaid/CHIP	10,410	11,149	1,906	2,070	8,504	9,078	5,033	5,502	3,471	3,576
Other³	11,142	11,598	577^a	714	10,564	10,884	2,446	2,512	8,119	8,372
No Coverage	5,371	5,630	1,110	1,250	4,260	4,380	3,325	3,558	935	823
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.3B – Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	19.1^a	20.6	26.3^a	29.4	18.0^a	19.2	22.5^a	25.0	14.0	14.1
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	18.9	19.7	27.5	27.9	17.6	18.4	22.7	23.2	13.4	14.4
Midwest	19.9^a	22.1	28.0^a	31.9	18.6^a	20.5	23.5^a	27.1	14.4	15.1
South	18.0^a	19.2	23.6^a	27.9	17.1	17.8	21.1^a	24.2	13.6	12.3
West	20.4^a	22.1	28.0^a	30.8	19.2	20.8	23.7	25.6	14.8	16.1
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	18.6^a	20.2	26.1^a	29.7	17.3^a	18.8	21.3^a	23.8	13.4	13.8
Small Metro	20.6	20.9	26.8^a	29.6	19.6	19.5	24.5^a	26.4	15.4	14.0
Nonmetro	18.4^a	21.2	25.7	28.2	17.4^a	20.2	23.5^a	27.2	13.5	15.4
Urbanized	19.4	21.6	28.2	29.4	18.3	20.3	25.7	27.7	13.5	14.7
Less Urbanized	17.2^a	22.0	24.2	26.6	16.2^a	21.3	21.2^a	27.3	12.9^a	17.5
Completely Rural	18.9	16.7	21.3	29.4	18.7	15.4	24.8	24.5	15.9	9.9
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	26.3	26.7	25.9^a	28.6	26.5	26.1	27.2	29.0	25.6	22.7
100-199%	20.5^a	23.7	25.8^a	30.2	19.4^a	22.4	23.7	24.8	15.6^a	20.2
200% or More	17.2^a	18.5	26.7^a	29.5	16.1^a	17.2	21.2^a	24.2	11.9	11.5
EDUCATION
< High School	18.2	18.3	20.6	23.6	17.8	17.3	17.6	19.1	17.9	15.9
High School Graduate	18.0	19.3	23.0^a	26.8	17.0	17.7	21.3	23.0	14.1	13.9
Some College/Associate's Degree	22.3^a	23.7	30.3^a	34.0	20.6	21.5	26.3	28.0	15.1	15.4
College Graduate	17.3^a	19.5	27.4	28.4	16.6^a	18.9	21.5^a	25.3	11.4	12.5
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	17.1^a	18.6	27.6^a	30.9	15.6^a	16.9	19.9^a	22.9	11.8	11.7
Medicaid/CHIP	28.3^a	31.2	26.3	28.6	28.8^a	31.8	31.4	34.0	25.6	29.0
Other³	16.3	16.8	22.5^a	28.1	16.1	16.4	31.4	34.4	14.0	14.2
No Coverage	21.8	21.8	23.1	25.9	21.5	20.8	23.1	23.6	17.3	13.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200420

Table 8.4A – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Gender and Detailed Age Category: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Age Category	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Male (2018)	Male (2019)	Female (2018)	Female (2019)
TOTAL	11,373^a	13,115	4,025^a	4,668	7,348^a	8,447
18-25	2,619^a	2,899	917	979	1,701^a	1,920
18-20	912^a	1,082	287	363	625	719
21-25	1,706	1,818	630	616	1,076	1,202
26 or Older	8,755^a	10,216	3,108^a	3,689	5,647^a	6,527
26-49	5,907^a	6,847	2,216	2,443	3,691^a	4,404
26-29	1,432	1,566	567	595	865	971
30-34	1,489	1,672	568	638	921	1,034
35-39	1,135	1,373	456	427	679^a	947
40-44	884^a	1,116	314	380	570	736
45-49	966	1,119	311	404	656	716
50 or Older	2,848	3,369	892	1,246	1,956	2,123
50-54	858	952	276	425	582	526
55-59	809	958	304	356	505	602
60-64	511	634	116	143	394	491
65 or Older	670	825	196	321	474	504
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200420

Table 8.4B – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Gender and Detailed Age Category: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Age Category	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Male (2018)	Male (2019)	Female (2018)	Female (2019)
TOTAL	4.6^a	5.2	3.4^a	3.9	5.7^a	6.5
18-25	7.7^a	8.6	5.4	5.8	10.0^a	11.4
18-20	7.0^a	8.2	4.2	5.4	10.1	11.2
21-25	8.1	8.8	6.2	6.1	10.0^a	11.5
26 or Older	4.1^a	4.7	3.0^a	3.5	5.1^a	5.8
26-49	5.9^a	6.8	4.4	4.9	7.2^a	8.6
26-29	8.0	8.7	6.3	6.5	9.7	10.9
30-34	6.7	7.5	5.2	5.8	8.2	9.1
35-39	5.2^a	6.4	4.3	4.1	6.1^a	8.6
40-44	4.5^a	5.8	3.2	4.0	5.8	7.5
45-49	5.0	5.5	3.3	4.0	6.6	7.0
50 or Older	2.5	2.9	1.7	2.3	3.2	3.5
50-54	4.2	4.6	2.8	4.2	5.5	5.0
55-59	3.7	4.5	3.0	3.5	4.3	5.5
60-64	2.5	3.1	1.1	1.5	3.9	4.5
65 or Older	1.3	1.6	0.9	1.4	1.7	1.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.5A – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	11,373^a	13,115	2,619^a	2,899	8,755^a	10,216	5,907^a	6,847	2,848	3,369
GENDER
Male	4,025^a	4,668	917	979	3,108^a	3,689	2,216	2,443	892	1,246
Female	7,348^a	8,447	1,701^a	1,920	5,647^a	6,527	3,691^a	4,404	1,956	2,123
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	9,902^a	11,109	2,133^a	2,375	7,770^a	8,734	5,102^a	5,786	2,667	2,948
White	8,076^a	8,937	1,661	1,851	6,415	7,086	4,155^a	4,626	2,260	2,460
Black or African American	1,077	1,188	213	265	864	923	572	630	292	293
AIAN	97	93	14	16	83	78	52	40	*	*
NHOPI	43	25	*	*	38	23	*	23	*	*
Asian	303^a	457	132	136	171^a	321	166	247	5	74
Two or More Races	307	409	109	105	198	304	132^a	221	67	84
Hispanic or Latino	1,471^a	2,006	486	524	985^a	1,482	804^a	1,061	181^a	420
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	4,818^a	5,686	1,104	1,234	3,713^a	4,452	2,878^a	3,699	835	753
Part-Time	1,866^a	2,231	735	829	1,131	1,402	885	959	247	442
Unemployed	789	838	287	238	502	600	406	468	96	132
Other¹	3,900	4,361	493	598	3,408	3,762	1,738	1,720	1,670	2,042
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.5B – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	4.6^a	5.2	7.7^a	8.6	4.1^a	4.7	5.9^a	6.8	2.5	2.9
GENDER
Male	3.4^a	3.9	5.4	5.8	3.0^a	3.5	4.4	4.9	1.7	2.3
Female	5.7^a	6.5	10.0^a	11.4	5.1^a	5.8	7.2^a	8.6	3.2	3.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	4.8^a	5.3	8.1^a	9.1	4.3^a	4.8	6.3^a	7.2	2.6	2.9
White	5.1^a	5.7	9.1^a	10.3	4.6	5.1	7.2^a	8.1	2.8	3.0
Black or African American	3.6	4.0	4.5	5.7	3.5	3.7	4.4	4.9	2.4	2.4
AIAN	6.4	6.7	6.3	7.2	6.5	6.6	8.5	8.0	*	*
NHOPI	4.5	2.6	*	*	4.9	2.7	*	4.1	*	*
Asian	2.1	3.1	5.8	6.5	1.4^a	2.6	2.2	3.4	0.1	1.4
Two or More Races	7.1	9.3	14.5	11.1	5.5	8.8	8.9	11.2	3.2	5.7
Hispanic or Latino	3.6^a	4.9	6.4	6.8	3.0^a	4.4	3.9^a	5.1	1.4	3.2
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	3.9^a	4.6	7.6	8.6	3.4^a	4.1	4.2^a	5.4	2.0	1.8
Part-Time	5.8^a	6.8	8.5	9.9	4.8	5.8	8.1	9.0	1.9	3.3
Unemployed	7.9	8.4	9.3	7.2	7.3	9.0	8.7	11.0	4.3	5.6
Other¹	4.7	5.2	6.4	7.7	4.5	5.0	10.0	9.9	2.9	3.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.6A – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	11,373^a	13,115	2,619^a	2,899	8,755^a	10,216	5,907^a	6,847	2,848	3,369
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	1,805	2,062	442	484	1,363	1,578	972	955	391	623
Midwest	2,639	2,918	643	701	1,996	2,217	1,301	1,410	696	807
South	4,027^a	4,766	869	995	3,158^a	3,771	2,114^a	2,716	1,044	1,055
West	2,902^a	3,369	665	719	2,237	2,650	1,520	1,766	717	884
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	5,740^a	6,743	1,455	1,545	4,285^a	5,198	3,130	3,484	1,155^a	1,714
Small Metro	3,932	4,341	816^a	985	3,116	3,356	1,996	2,283	1,120	1,073
Nonmetro	1,701^a	2,031	348	370	1,354	1,662	780^a	1,080	573	582
Urbanized	753	889	164	202	589	687	361^a	513	228	174
Less Urbanized	754	938	171	130	583^a	808	340	459	243	349
Completely Rural	194	205	13^a	38	182	167	80	108	102	59
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	2,722	2,590	625	674	2,097	1,916	1,367	1,338	730	578
100-199%	2,439^a	3,218	570^a	727	1,869^a	2,491	1,320	1,365	549^a	1,126
200% or More	6,164^a	7,222	1,375	1,413	4,789^a	5,809	3,220^a	4,144	1,569	1,665
EDUCATION
< High School	1,218	1,286	265	319	953	967	554	518	399	449
High School Graduate	2,821	3,100	707^a	843	2,114	2,257	1,232^a	1,513	882	745
Some College/Associate's Degree	4,557^a	5,357	1,274	1,405	3,283^a	3,952	2,349	2,663	934	1,289
College Graduate	2,778^a	3,372	373	332	2,405^a	3,040	1,772^a	2,154	633	886
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	5,977^a	7,051	1,682	1,760	4,295^a	5,291	2,824^a	3,595	1,471	1,696
Medicaid/CHIP	2,978^a	3,602	559	660	2,420^a	2,941	1,677	1,954	743	987
Other³	2,338	2,638	151	216	2,187	2,423	855	881	1,331	1,542
No Coverage	1,524	1,557	326	387	1,199	1,170	1,014	1,003	184	167
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.6B – Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	4.6^a	5.2	7.7^a	8.6	4.1^a	4.7	5.9^a	6.8	2.5	2.9
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	4.1	4.7	7.5	8.4	3.6	4.1	5.7	5.6	1.9	3.0
Midwest	5.1	5.6	8.9	9.8	4.5	4.9	6.4	6.9	2.9	3.3
South	4.3^a	5.0	6.8	7.8	3.9^a	4.6	5.5^a	7.0	2.4	2.4
West	4.9	5.7	8.1	8.9	4.4	5.1	6.0	7.0	2.8	3.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	4.1^a	4.8	7.7	8.2	3.6^a	4.3	5.3	5.8	1.9^a	2.8
Small Metro	5.3	5.7	7.6^a	9.3	4.9	5.2	6.9	7.9	3.2	3.0
Nonmetro	4.7^a	5.9	7.9	8.5	4.3^a	5.5	6.4^a	8.8	3.0	3.3
Urbanized	4.6^a	6.2	8.5	10.0	4.1^a	5.6	6.5^a	9.7	2.6	2.5
Less Urbanized	4.6	5.8	8.1	6.7	4.1^a	5.7	6.0^a	8.2	2.8	4.0
Completely Rural	5.8	5.2	3.7^a	10.1	6.0	4.7	8.5	8.1	4.9	2.6
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	7.9	8.0	7.5	8.5	8.0	7.8	9.4	10.0	6.3	5.2
100-199%	5.0^a	6.8	6.9^a	9.4	4.6^a	6.2	6.8	7.2	2.5^a	5.4
200% or More	3.8^a	4.3	8.2	8.3	3.2^a	3.8	4.8^a	6.0	1.9	2.0
EDUCATION
< High School	3.9	4.3	5.6	6.8	3.6	3.8	4.9	4.8	2.7	3.1
High School Graduate	4.6	5.1	6.8	7.9	4.1	4.5	5.9^a	7.2	2.9	2.5
Some College/Associate's Degree	5.9^a	7.0	9.4	10.4	5.2^a	6.2	7.6	8.6	2.9	3.9
College Graduate	3.5^a	4.1	6.9	6.7	3.3^a	3.9	4.7^a	5.6	1.8	2.3
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	3.6^a	4.3	8.2	8.6	3.0^a	3.6	4.2^a	5.4	1.9	2.2
Medicaid/CHIP	8.1^a	10.1	7.7	9.1	8.2^a	10.3	10.5	12.1	5.5^a	8.0
Other³	3.4	3.8	5.9^a	8.5	3.3	3.6	11.0	12.1	2.3	2.6
No Coverage	6.2	6.0	6.8	8.0	6.1	5.6	7.1	6.7	3.4	2.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.7A – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness (2018)	No Mental Illness (2019)
TOTAL	47,635^a	51,495	11,373^a	13,115	36,262^a	38,379	201,222^a	198,822
AGE GROUP
18-25	8,944^a	9,930	2,619^a	2,899	6,326^a	7,031	25,092^a	23,803
26 or Older	38,691^a	41,565	8,755^a	10,216	29,936	31,349	176,131	175,019
26-49	22,721^a	25,279	5,907^a	6,847	16,815^a	18,432	78,218^a	76,004
50 or Older	15,969	16,286	2,848	3,369	13,121	12,917	97,913	99,015
GENDER
Male	18,308^a	19,758	4,025^a	4,668	14,283	15,090	101,827	101,104
Female	29,327^a	31,737	7,348^a	8,447	21,979^a	23,290	99,395^a	97,718
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	40,785^a	44,055	9,902^a	11,109	30,882^a	32,946	167,530^a	164,992
White	32,210^a	34,967	8,076^a	8,937	24,134^a	26,030	125,557	122,844
Black or African American	4,802	5,174	1,077	1,188	3,726	3,986	24,778	24,720
AIAN	333	260	97	93	235	166	1,174	1,132
NHOPI	198	164	43	25	156	138	744	824
Asian	2,081	2,100	303^a	457	1,778	1,644	12,107	12,476
Two or More Races	1,160	1,390	307	409	853	981	3,170	2,995
Hispanic or Latino	6,850	7,440	1,471^a	2,006	5,380	5,433	33,692	33,830
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	21,805^a	23,829	4,818^a	5,686	16,987^a	18,143	101,876	100,358
Part-Time	7,101^a	8,137	1,866^a	2,231	5,235^a	5,906	25,131	24,461
Unemployed	2,756	2,750	789	838	1,967	1,912	7,242	7,179
Other¹	15,972	16,780	3,900	4,361	12,072	12,419	66,974	66,824
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.7B – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness (2018)	No Mental Illness (2019)
TOTAL	19.1^a	20.6	4.6^a	5.2	14.6^a	15.3	80.9^a	79.4
AGE GROUP
18-25	26.3^a	29.4	7.7^a	8.6	18.6^a	20.8	73.7^a	70.6
26 or Older	18.0^a	19.2	4.1^a	4.7	13.9	14.5	82.0^a	80.8
26-49	22.5^a	25.0	5.9^a	6.8	16.7^a	18.2	77.5^a	75.0
50 or Older	14.0	14.1	2.5	2.9	11.5	11.2	86.0	85.9
GENDER
Male	15.2^a	16.3	3.4^a	3.9	11.9	12.5	84.8^a	83.7
Female	22.8^a	24.5	5.7^a	6.5	17.1^a	18.0	77.2^a	75.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	19.6^a	21.1	4.8^a	5.3	14.8^a	15.8	80.4^a	78.9
White	20.4^a	22.2	5.1^a	5.7	15.3^a	16.5	79.6^a	77.8
Black or African American	16.2	17.3	3.6	4.0	12.6	13.3	83.8	82.7
AIAN	22.1	18.7	6.4	6.7	15.6	12.0	77.9	81.3
NHOPI	21.1	16.6	4.5	2.6	16.5	14.0	78.9	83.4
Asian	14.7	14.4	2.1	3.1	12.5	11.3	85.3	85.6
Two or More Races	26.8	31.7	7.1	9.3	19.7	22.4	73.2	68.3
Hispanic or Latino	16.9	18.0	3.6^a	4.9	13.3	13.2	83.1	82.0
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	17.6^a	19.2	3.9^a	4.6	13.7^a	14.6	82.4^a	80.8
Part-Time	22.0^a	25.0	5.8^a	6.8	16.2^a	18.1	78.0^a	75.0
Unemployed	27.6	27.7	7.9	8.4	19.7	19.3	72.4	72.3
Other¹	19.3	20.1	4.7	5.2	14.6	14.9	80.7	79.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.8A – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness (2018)	No Mental Illness (2019)
TOTAL	47,635^a	51,495	11,373^a	13,115	36,262^a	38,379	201,222^a	198,822
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	8,291	8,608	1,805	2,062	6,486	6,546	35,525	35,191
Midwest	10,329^a	11,497	2,639	2,918	7,690^a	8,579	41,584^a	40,540
South	16,946^a	18,212	4,027^a	4,766	12,919	13,446	77,089	76,699
West	12,068^a	13,178	2,902^a	3,369	9,166	9,809	47,024	46,391
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	25,715^a	28,346	5,740^a	6,743	19,975^a	21,603	112,896	111,853
Small Metro	15,312	15,837	3,932	4,341	11,380	11,496	58,994	59,811
Nonmetro	6,608	7,312	1,701^a	2,031	4,907	5,280	29,332^a	27,158
Urbanized	3,153	3,100	753	889	2,400	2,211	13,061^a	11,256
Less Urbanized	2,820^a	3,554	754	938	2,066^a	2,616	13,550	12,624
Completely Rural	635	658	194	205	441	453	2,721	3,278
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	9,094	8,646	2,722	2,590	6,373	6,056	25,428^a	23,686
100-199%	10,091^a	11,258	2,439^a	3,218	7,652	8,041	39,168^a	36,335
200% or More	28,246^a	31,255	6,164^a	7,222	22,082^a	24,033	136,066	137,993
EDUCATION
< High School	5,628	5,505	1,218	1,286	4,410	4,219	25,286	24,649
High School Graduate	11,110	11,705	2,821	3,100	8,290	8,605	50,449	49,050
Some College/Associate's Degree	17,171	18,250	4,557^a	5,357	12,614	12,893	59,953	58,793
College Graduate	13,725^a	16,034	2,778^a	3,372	10,948^a	12,662	65,535	66,329
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	28,245^a	30,795	5,977^a	7,051	22,268^a	23,744	137,279	134,837
Medicaid/CHIP	10,410	11,149	2,978^a	3,602	7,432	7,547	26,407^a	24,617
Other³	11,142	11,598	2,338	2,638	8,804	8,960	57,106	57,405
No Coverage	5,371	5,630	1,524	1,557	3,847	4,073	19,218	20,248
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.8B – Levels of Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness (2018)	No Mental Illness (2019)
TOTAL	19.1^a	20.6	4.6^a	5.2	14.6^a	15.3	80.9^a	79.4
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	18.9	19.7	4.1	4.7	14.8	14.9	81.1	80.3
Midwest	19.9^a	22.1	5.1	5.6	14.8^a	16.5	80.1^a	77.9
South	18.0^a	19.2	4.3^a	5.0	13.7	14.2	82.0^a	80.8
West	20.4^a	22.1	4.9	5.7	15.5	16.5	79.6^a	77.9
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	18.6^a	20.2	4.1^a	4.8	14.4^a	15.4	81.4^a	79.8
Small Metro	20.6	20.9	5.3	5.7	15.3	15.2	79.4	79.1
Nonmetro	18.4^a	21.2	4.7^a	5.9	13.7^a	15.3	81.6^a	78.8
Urbanized	19.4	21.6	4.6^a	6.2	14.8	15.4	80.6	78.4
Less Urbanized	17.2^a	22.0	4.6	5.8	12.6^a	16.2	82.8^a	78.0
Completely Rural	18.9	16.7	5.8	5.2	13.1	11.5	81.1	83.3
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	26.3	26.7	7.9	8.0	18.5	18.7	73.7	73.3
100-199%	20.5^a	23.7	5.0^a	6.8	15.5	16.9	79.5^a	76.3
200% or More	17.2^a	18.5	3.8^a	4.3	13.4^a	14.2	82.8^a	81.5
EDUCATION
< High School	18.2	18.3	3.9	4.3	14.3	14.0	81.8	81.7
High School Graduate	18.0	19.3	4.6	5.1	13.5	14.2	82.0	80.7
Some College/Associate's Degree	22.3^a	23.7	5.9^a	7.0	16.4	16.7	77.7^a	76.3
College Graduate	17.3^a	19.5	3.5^a	4.1	13.8^a	15.4	82.7^a	80.5
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	17.1^a	18.6	3.6^a	4.3	13.5^a	14.3	82.9^a	81.4
Medicaid/CHIP	28.3^a	31.2	8.1^a	10.1	20.2	21.1	71.7^a	68.8
Other³	16.3	16.8	3.4	3.8	12.9	13.0	83.7	83.2
No Coverage	21.8	21.8	6.2	6.0	15.6	15.7	78.2	78.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.9A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	9,187	9,536	2,447	2,575	6,740	6,961	5,020	5,218	1,720	1,744
GENDER
Male	4,836	4,916	1,152	1,165	3,683	3,751	2,774	2,742	909	1,009
Female	4,351	4,620	1,295	1,410	3,057	3,210	2,246	2,476	810	734
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	7,845	8,118	2,026	2,055	5,819	6,062	4,276	4,382	1,543	1,680
White	6,123	6,491	1,530	1,569	4,593	4,922	3,339	3,540	1,253	1,382
Black or African American	1,067	947	249	253	818	695	564	490	255	205
AIAN	79	52	26	10	53	42	48	35	*	7
NHOPI	45	27	*	*	*	20	*	20	*	*
Asian	304	298	128	99	177	199	177	143	*	56
Two or More Races	226	302	89	117	137	185	107	154	30	31
Hispanic or Latino	1,342	1,419	421	520	921	899	744	836	177	63
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	4,820	4,847	1,058	1,198	3,762	3,649	3,113	3,077	649	572
Part-Time	1,404	1,620	699	671	706^a	950	579	682	126	268
Unemployed	838	822	271	254	567	568	466	485	101	83
Other¹	2,124	2,247	419	453	1,705	1,794	862	973	844	821
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.9B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	3.7	3.8	7.2	7.6	3.1	3.2	5.0	5.2	1.5	1.5
GENDER
Male	4.0	4.1	6.7	6.9	3.6	3.6	5.6	5.5	1.7	1.9
Female	3.4	3.6	7.6	8.4	2.7	2.9	4.4	4.8	1.3	1.2
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	3.8	3.9	7.7	7.9	3.2	3.3	5.3	5.4	1.5	1.6
White	3.9	4.1	8.4	8.7	3.3	3.5	5.8	6.2	1.5	1.7
Black or African American	3.6	3.2	5.3	5.4	3.3	2.8	4.4	3.8	2.1	1.7
AIAN	5.3	3.8	12.0	4.7	4.1	3.6	7.8	6.9	*	1.1
NHOPI	4.7	2.8	*	*	*	2.4	*	3.7	*	*
Asian	2.1	2.0	5.6	4.7	1.5	1.6	2.4	2.0	*	1.1
Two or More Races	5.2	6.9	11.9	12.5	3.8	5.4	7.2	7.8	1.4	2.1
Hispanic or Latino	3.3	3.4	5.5	6.8	2.8	2.7	3.6	4.0	1.4	0.5
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	3.9	3.9	7.3	8.4	3.4	3.3	4.6	4.5	1.6	1.4
Part-Time	4.4	5.0	8.0	8.0	3.0	3.9	5.3	6.4	1.0	2.0
Unemployed	8.4	8.3	8.7	7.7	8.2	8.6	10.0	11.3	4.6	3.5
Other¹	2.6	2.7	5.4	5.8	2.3	2.4	5.0	5.6	1.5	1.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.10A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	9,187	9,536	2,447	2,575	6,740	6,961	5,020	5,218	1,720	1,744
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	1,637	1,416	443	431	1,194	985	833	779	361	205
Midwest	1,889^a	2,242	553	635	1,336	1,607	978	1,115	359	492
South	2,945	3,023	766	861	2,178	2,163	1,653	1,754	526	409
West	2,715	2,855	684	648	2,031	2,207	1,557	1,570	475	637
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	5,165	5,606	1,317	1,477	3,848	4,129	3,010	3,207	838	922
Small Metro	2,864	2,684	831	797	2,034	1,888	1,453	1,383	581	504
Nonmetro	1,157	1,246	299	302	858	944	557	627	301	317
Urbanized	556	658	153	167	403	492	307	289	95	203
Less Urbanized	517	509	130	116	387	393	232	292	155	101
Completely Rural	84	79	15	19	68	60	18	47	50	13
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	1,954	1,753	614	565	1,340	1,188	870	850	470	338
100-199%	1,957	2,080	569	589	1,388	1,490	1,051	985	337	505
200% or More	5,198	5,619	1,186	1,336	4,012	4,283	3,099	3,383	913	900
EDUCATION
< High School	1,188	951	286	286	901	665	496	414	406	251
High School Graduate	2,200	2,329	581^a	729	1,619	1,599	1,132	1,207	487	393
Some College/Associate's Degree	3,396	3,500	1,175	1,165	2,221	2,334	1,767	1,734	454	600
College Graduate	2,403	2,757	405	394	1,999	2,363	1,625	1,863	373	500
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	4,964	5,221	1,567	1,661	3,396	3,560	2,570	2,706	827	854
Medicaid/CHIP	2,388	2,288	479	512	1,908	1,776	1,307	1,321	601	455
Other³	1,218	1,412	158	199	1,060	1,213	535	457	526	756
No Coverage	1,449	1,523	311	343	1,138	1,180	937	1,033	201	148
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.10B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	3.7	3.8	7.2	7.6	3.1	3.2	5.0	5.2	1.5	1.5
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	3.7	3.2	7.6	7.5	3.1	2.6	4.9	4.6	1.7	1.0
Midwest	3.6^a	4.3	7.6	8.9	3.0	3.6	4.8	5.5	1.5	2.0
South	3.1	3.2	6.0	6.8	2.7	2.6	4.3	4.6	1.2	0.9
West	4.6	4.8	8.4	8.0	4.0	4.3	6.2	6.2	1.8	2.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	3.7	4.0	6.9	7.9	3.2	3.4	5.0	5.3	1.4	1.5
Small Metro	3.9	3.5	7.8	7.5	3.2	2.9	5.0	4.8	1.7	1.4
Nonmetro	3.2	3.6	6.8	7.0	2.7	3.1	4.6	5.1	1.6	1.8
Urbanized	3.4	4.6	7.9	8.2	2.8	4.0	5.5	5.4	1.1	2.9
Less Urbanized	3.2	3.1	6.2	6.0	2.7	2.8	4.1	5.2	1.8	1.2
Completely Rural	2.5	2.0	4.5	5.1	2.3	1.7	1.9	3.5	2.4	0.6
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	5.7	5.4	7.4	7.2	5.1	4.9	6.0	6.3	4.0	3.1
100-199%	4.0	4.4	6.9	7.6	3.4	3.7	5.5	5.2	1.5	2.4
200% or More	3.2	3.3	7.1	7.9	2.7	2.8	4.6	4.9	1.1	1.1
EDUCATION
< High School	3.8	3.2	6.1	6.1	3.4	2.6	4.4	3.8	2.7	1.7
High School Graduate	3.6	3.8	5.6^a	6.9	3.2	3.2	5.4	5.8	1.6	1.3
Some College/Associate's Degree	4.4	4.5	8.7	8.6	3.5	3.7	5.7	5.6	1.4	1.8
College Graduate	3.0	3.3	7.5	8.0	2.7	3.1	4.3	4.8	1.0	1.3
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	3.0	3.2	7.7	8.1	2.3	2.5	3.8	4.1	1.1	1.1
Medicaid/CHIP	6.5	6.4	6.6	7.1	6.5	6.2	8.2	8.2	4.4	3.7
Other³	1.8	2.0	6.2	7.8	1.6	1.8	6.9	6.2	0.9	1.3
No Coverage	5.9	5.9	6.5	7.1	5.8	5.6	6.5	6.9	3.7	2.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.11A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	3,166	3,564	879	958	2,287	2,606	1,726	1,998	560	607
GENDER
Male	1,376	1,562	353	368	1,022	1,195	813	923	209	271
Female	1,790	2,002	526	591	1,265	1,411	914	1,075	351	336
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	2,815	3,072	762	754	2,053	2,318	1,498	1,717	555	601
White	2,201	2,429	606	573	1,596	1,856	1,128^a	1,367	468	489
Black or African American	376	350	64	76	312	274	236	196	76	77
AIAN	37	21	10	2	27	18	27	18	*	1
NHOPI	*	13	*	*	*	12	*	12	*	*
Asian	71	125	37	50	35	76	35	52	*	*
Two or More Races	109	134	46	52	63	82	53	72	11	10
Hispanic or Latino	351	491	117^a	204	234	287	228	282	6	6
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	1,465	1,706	392	473	1,073	1,232	847	1,066	226	166
Part-Time	504	600	213	245	291	355	248	264	43	91
Unemployed	347	345	123	89	224	256	178	213	46	43
Other¹	849	914	151	151	698	763	453	456	245	307
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.11B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	1.3	1.4	2.6	2.8	1.1	1.2	1.7	2.0	0.5	0.5
GENDER
Male	1.1	1.3	2.1	2.2	1.0	1.1	1.6	1.8	0.4	0.5
Female	1.4	1.5	3.1	3.5	1.1	1.3	1.8	2.1	0.6	0.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	1.4	1.5	2.9	2.9	1.1	1.3	1.9	2.1	0.5	0.6
White	1.4	1.5	3.3	3.2	1.1	1.3	2.0^a	2.4	0.6	0.6
Black or African American	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.6	1.3	1.1	1.8	1.5	0.6	0.6
AIAN	2.4	1.5	4.3	1.1	2.1	1.6	4.4	3.5	*	0.1
NHOPI	*	1.3	*	*	*	1.4	*	2.1	*	*
Asian	0.5	0.9	1.6	2.4	0.3	0.6	0.5	0.7	*	*
Two or More Races	2.5	3.1	6.1	5.5	1.8	2.4	3.6	3.7	0.5	0.7
Hispanic or Latino	0.9	1.2	1.5^a	2.7	0.7	0.9	1.1	1.4	0.0	0.0
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	1.2	1.4	2.7	3.3	1.0	1.1	1.2	1.5	0.6	0.4
Part-Time	1.6	1.8	2.5	2.9	1.2	1.5	2.3	2.5	0.3	0.7
Unemployed	3.5	3.5	4.0	2.7	3.2	3.9	3.8	5.0	2.1	1.8
Other¹	1.0	1.1	2.0	2.0	0.9	1.0	2.6	2.6	0.4	0.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.12A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	3,166	3,564	879	958	2,287	2,606	1,726	1,998	560	607
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	525	542	161	192	364	350	324	269	40	81
Midwest	630	790	227	279	403	511	285^a	398	118	113
South	1,112	1,151	263	269	849	881	601	743	248	139
West	899	1,081	228	218	670	864	516	589	154	274
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1,633^a	2,086	474	530	1,159^a	1,555	987	1,122	173^a	433
Small Metro	1,108	1,023	290	298	818	725	560	611	257	114
Nonmetro	425	455	115	130	310	326	179^a	266	130	60
Urbanized	193	250	58	69	136	181	98	140	37	41
Less Urbanized	198	173	55	48	143	125	74	110	70	15
Completely Rural	34	32	3	13	31	19	8	15	23	4
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	714	733	222	198	492	535	336	413	157	122
100-199%	791	899	206	270	585	629	464	393	121	237
200% or More	1,639	1,903	429	461	1,210	1,441	926^a	1,193	283	249
EDUCATION
< High School	375	255	92	76	282	179	197	149	85	30
High School Graduate	816	922	247	287	569	636	345	481	223	155
Some College/Associate's Degree	1,220^a	1,502	402	470	817	1,032	655	789	162	243
College Graduate	756	885	137	126	619	759	529	579	90	180
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	1,542	1,814	575	587	967	1,227	693^a	934	273	293
Medicaid/CHIP	929	1,014	173	215	755	799	574	640	182	159
Other³	455	465	50	84	404	381	231	176	174	205
No Coverage	549	567	110	119	439	448	360	379	79	68
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.12B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	1.3	1.4	2.6	2.8	1.1	1.2	1.7	2.0	0.5	0.5
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	1.2	1.2	2.7	3.3	1.0	0.9	1.9	1.6	0.2	0.4
Midwest	1.2	1.5	3.1	3.9	0.9	1.1	1.4^a	2.0	0.5	0.5
South	1.2	1.2	2.1	2.1	1.0	1.1	1.6	1.9	0.6	0.3
West	1.5	1.8	2.8	2.7	1.3	1.7	2.1	2.3	0.6	1.0
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	1.2^a	1.5	2.5	2.8	1.0^a	1.3	1.7	1.9	0.3^a	0.7
Small Metro	1.5	1.4	2.7	2.8	1.3	1.1	1.9	2.1	0.7	0.3
Nonmetro	1.2	1.3	2.6	3.0	1.0	1.1	1.5^a	2.2	0.7	0.3
Urbanized	1.2	1.7	3.0	3.4	0.9	1.5	1.8	2.6	0.4	0.6
Less Urbanized	1.2	1.1	2.6	2.5	1.0	0.9	1.3	2.0	0.8	0.2
Completely Rural	1.0	0.8	0.9	3.4	1.0	0.5	0.8	1.2	1.1	0.2
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	2.1	2.3	2.7	2.5	1.9	2.2	2.3	3.1	1.3	1.1
100-199%	1.6	1.9	2.5^a	3.5	1.4	1.6	2.4	2.1	0.6	1.1
200% or More	1.0	1.1	2.6	2.7	0.8	0.9	1.4^a	1.7	0.4	0.3
EDUCATION
< High School	1.2	0.8	2.0	1.6	1.1	0.7	1.7	1.4	0.6	0.2
High School Graduate	1.3	1.5	2.4	2.7	1.1	1.3	1.6	2.3	0.7	0.5
Some College/Associate's Degree	1.6^a	1.9	3.0	3.5	1.3	1.6	2.1	2.6	0.5	0.7
College Graduate	1.0	1.1	2.5	2.5	0.8	1.0	1.4	1.5	0.2	0.5
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	0.9	1.1	2.8	2.9	0.7	0.8	1.0^a	1.4	0.4	0.4
Medicaid/CHIP	2.5	2.8	2.4	3.0	2.6	2.8	3.6	4.0	1.3	1.3
Other³	0.7	0.7	2.0	3.3	0.6	0.6	3.0	2.4	0.3	0.3
No Coverage	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.5	2.2	2.1	2.5	2.5	1.5	1.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.13A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	6,021	5,973	1,568	1,617	4,453	4,356	3,294	3,219	1,159	1,136
GENDER
Male	3,460	3,354	799	797	2,661	2,557	1,961	1,819	700	738
Female	2,561	2,619	769	820	1,792	1,799	1,333	1,401	459	398
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	5,030	5,045	1,264	1,301	3,766	3,744	2,778	2,665	988	1,079
White	3,922	4,061	924	996	2,997	3,066	2,212	2,173	785	892
Black or African American	691	598	185	177	506	421	328	293	178	127
AIAN	42	32	17	8	25	24	20	17	*	7
NHOPI	*	14	*	*	*	8	*	8	*	*
Asian	233	172	91	49	142	123	142	91	*	*
Two or More Races	117	168	44	65	74	103	55	82	19	20
Hispanic or Latino	991	927	304	316	687	611	516	554	171	57
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	3,355	3,141	666	724	2,688	2,417	2,266	2,011	422	406
Part-Time	901	1,020	486	426	415	595	331	419	83	176
Unemployed	491	477	147	165	343	312	289	272	55	40
Other¹	1,275	1,333	268	302	1,007	1,032	408	517	599	514
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.13B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	2.4	2.4	4.6	4.8	2.1	2.0	3.3	3.2	1.0	1.0
GENDER
Male	2.9	2.8	4.7	4.7	2.6	2.5	3.9	3.6	1.3	1.4
Female	2.0	2.0	4.5	4.9	1.6	1.6	2.6	2.7	0.8	0.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	2.4	2.4	4.8	5.0	2.1	2.0	3.5	3.3	1.0	1.1
White	2.5	2.6	5.1	5.5	2.1	2.2	3.8	3.8	1.0	1.1
Black or African American	2.3	2.0	3.9	3.8	2.0	1.7	2.6	2.3	1.5	1.0
AIAN	2.8	2.3	7.7	3.6	2.0	2.0	3.3	3.4	*	1.0
NHOPI	*	1.4	*	*	*	1.0	*	1.5	*	*
Asian	1.6	1.2	4.0	2.4	1.2	1.0	1.9	1.3	*	*
Two or More Races	2.7	3.8	5.8	7.0	2.1	3.0	3.7	4.2	0.9	1.4
Hispanic or Latino	2.4	2.2	4.0	4.1	2.1	1.8	2.5	2.7	1.4	0.4
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	2.7	2.5	4.6	5.1	2.5	2.2	3.3	2.9	1.0	1.0
Part-Time	2.8	3.1	5.6	5.1	1.8	2.5	3.0	3.9	0.7	1.3
Unemployed	4.9	4.8	4.8	5.0	5.0	4.7	6.2	6.4	2.5	1.7
Other¹	1.5	1.6	3.5	3.9	1.3	1.4	2.4	3.0	1.0	0.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.14A – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	6,021	5,973	1,568	1,617	4,453	4,356	3,294	3,219	1,159	1,136
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	1,113	875	282	240	830	635	509	511	321^a	124
Midwest	1,259	1,452	326	356	933	1,096	692	717	240	379
South	1,833	1,873	503	591	1,329	1,281	1,052	1,011	278	270
West	1,816	1,773	456	430	1,361	1,343	1,041	981	320	363
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	3,532	3,520	844	946	2,689	2,574	2,024	2,085	665	489
Small Metro	1,757	1,661	541	499	1,216	1,163	893	773	323	390
Nonmetro	732	791	183	172	548	619	378	362	171	257
Urbanized	363	408	96	97	267	311	209	149	58	162
Less Urbanized	319	336	75	69	244	268	158	182	86	86
Completely Rural	50	47	12	6	37	40	10	31	27	*
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	1,240	1,019	392	367	848	653	535	437	313	216
100-199%	1,166	1,181	363	319	803	861	587	593	216	269
200% or More	3,559	3,717	757	875	2,802	2,841	2,172	2,190	630	652
EDUCATION
< High School	813	696	194	210	619	486	299	265	320	221
High School Graduate	1,384	1,407	334^a	443	1,050	964	787	726	263	238
Some College/Associate's Degree	2,176	1,998	772	696	1,404	1,302	1,112	945	292	357
College Graduate	1,648	1,872	267	269	1,380	1,604	1,096	1,284	284	320
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	3,422	3,407	992	1,074	2,430	2,333	1,876	1,772	554	562
Medicaid/CHIP	1,459	1,274	306	297	1,153	977	734	681	419	296
Other³	764	947	108	115	656	831	304	280	352	551
No Coverage	899	957	201	224	699	733	577	653	122	79
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.14B – Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	2.4	2.4	4.6	4.8	2.1	2.0	3.3	3.2	1.0	1.0
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	2.5	2.0	4.8	4.2	2.2	1.7	3.0	3.0	1.5^a	0.6
Midwest	2.4	2.8	4.5	5.0	2.1	2.4	3.4	3.5	1.0	1.5
South	1.9	2.0	3.9	4.7	1.6	1.6	2.7	2.6	0.6	0.6
West	3.1	3.0	5.6	5.3	2.7	2.6	4.1	3.9	1.2	1.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2.5	2.5	4.4	5.0	2.2	2.1	3.4	3.5	1.1	0.8
Small Metro	2.4	2.2	5.1	4.7	1.9	1.8	3.1	2.7	0.9	1.1
Nonmetro	2.0	2.3	4.2	4.0	1.7	2.1	3.1	3.0	0.9	1.4
Urbanized	2.2	2.8	4.9	4.8	1.9	2.5	3.7	2.8	0.7	2.3
Less Urbanized	2.0	2.1	3.6	3.6	1.7	1.9	2.8	3.2	1.0	1.0
Completely Rural	1.5	1.2	3.6	1.7	1.2	1.1	1.1	2.3	1.3	*
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	3.6	3.2	4.7	4.6	3.2	2.7	3.7	3.3	2.7	2.0
100-199%	2.4	2.5	4.4	4.1	2.0	2.2	3.0	3.1	1.0	1.3
200% or More	2.2	2.2	4.5	5.2	1.9	1.9	3.2	3.2	0.8	0.8
EDUCATION
< High School	2.6	2.3	4.1	4.5	2.4	1.9	2.6	2.4	2.1	1.5
High School Graduate	2.2	2.3	3.2^a	4.2	2.1	1.9	3.8	3.5	0.9	0.8
Some College/Associate's Degree	2.8	2.6	5.7	5.2	2.2	2.0	3.6	3.1	0.9	1.1
College Graduate	2.1	2.3	4.9	5.4	1.9	2.1	2.9	3.3	0.8	0.8
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	2.1	2.1	4.8	5.3	1.7	1.6	2.8	2.7	0.7	0.7
Medicaid/CHIP	4.0	3.6	4.2	4.1	3.9	3.4	4.6	4.2	3.1	2.4
Other³	1.1	1.4	4.2	4.5	1.0	1.3	3.9	3.8	0.6	0.9
No Coverage	3.7	3.7	4.2	4.6	3.5	3.5	4.0	4.3	2.3	1.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.15A – Any Mental Illness and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Probation Status and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults On Probation (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults On Probation (2019)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Probation (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Probation (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults On Probation (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults On Probation (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Probation (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Probation (2019)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER	47,635^a	51,495	1,274	1,461	46,308^a	49,986	11,373^a	13,115	492	445	10,873^a	12,667
AGE GROUP
18-49	31,666^a	35,209	1,084	1,225	30,529^a	33,961	8,525^a	9,746	406	393	8,110^a	9,350
18-25	8,944^a	9,930	257	282	8,666^a	9,638	2,619^a	2,899	112	72	2,504^a	2,827
26-34	10,613^a	11,933	383	496	10,225^a	11,437	2,921	3,238	108	189	2,811	3,049
35-49	12,108^a	13,346	443	448	11,637^a	12,886	2,986^a	3,609	186	132	2,794^a	3,474
GENDER/AGE GROUP
Male 18 or Older	18,308^a	19,758	707^a	943	17,557^a	18,786	4,025^a	4,668	255	251	3,763^a	4,414
Male 18-49	12,563^a	13,740	623	778	11,896^a	12,958	3,133	3,422	208	236	2,918	3,183
Female 18 or Older	29,327^a	31,737	567	518	28,751^a	31,199	7,348^a	8,447	237	193	7,110^a	8,254
Female 18-49	19,103^a	21,469	461	448	18,632^a	21,003	5,393^a	6,324	198	157	5,192^a	6,167
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year probation status. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.15B – Any Mental Illness and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Probation Status and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults On Probation (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults On Probation (2019)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Probation (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Probation (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults On Probation (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults On Probation (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Probation (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Probation (2019)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER	19.1^a	20.6	34.0	38.2	19.0^a	20.3	4.6^a	5.2	13.1	11.6	4.5^a	5.2
AGE GROUP
18-49	23.5^a	26.1	36.2	40.1	23.2^a	25.8	6.3^a	7.2	13.5	12.8	6.2^a	7.1
18-25	26.3^a	29.4	28.3	34.3	26.3^a	29.4	7.7^a	8.6	12.3	8.7	7.6^a	8.6
26-34	26.5^a	29.6	37.9	45.4	26.4^a	29.2	7.3	8.0	10.7	17.3	7.2	7.8
35-49	19.9^a	21.9	41.1	39.2	19.5^a	21.6	4.9^a	5.9	17.3	11.6	4.7^a	5.8
GENDER/AGE GROUP
Male 18 or Older	15.2^a	16.3	27.3^a	35.4	15.0^a	15.9	3.4^a	3.9	9.8	9.4	3.2^a	3.7
Male 18-49	18.8^a	20.5	30.4	36.2	18.5^a	20.1	4.7	5.1	10.1	11.0	4.5	4.9
Female 18 or Older	22.8^a	24.5	49.2	44.8	22.6^a	24.4	5.7^a	6.5	20.5	16.7	5.6^a	6.4
Female 18-49	28.1^a	31.5	48.7	49.1	27.9^a	31.3	7.9^a	9.3	21.0	17.2	7.8^a	9.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year probation status. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.16A – Any Mental Illness and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Parole/Supervised Release Status and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults On Parole/ Supervised Release (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults On Parole/ Supervised Release (2019)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Parole/ Supervised Release (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Parole/ Supervised Release (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults On Parole/ Supervised Release (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults On Parole/ Supervised Release (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Parole/ Supervised Release (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Parole/ Supervised Release (2019)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER	47,635^a	51,495	537	514	47,069^a	50,955	11,373^a	13,115	226	134	11,148^a	12,978
AGE GROUP
18-49	31,666^a	35,209	432	446	31,205^a	34,738	8,525^a	9,746	146	126	8,379^a	9,617
18-25	8,944^a	9,930	64	76	8,870^a	9,841	2,619^a	2,899	*	11	2,589^a	2,887
26-34	10,613^a	11,933	*	*	10,465^a	11,774	2,921	3,238	*	*	2,888	3,174
35-49	12,108^a	13,346	220	212	11,870^a	13,123	2,986^a	3,609	83	*	2,902^a	3,556
GENDER/AGE GROUP
Male 18 or Older	18,308^a	19,758	345	373	17,942^a	19,381	4,025^a	4,668	133	83	3,892^a	4,582
Male 18-49	12,563^a	13,740	269	317	12,272^a	13,420	3,133	3,422	83	75	3,050	3,344
Female 18 or Older	29,327^a	31,737	*	*	29,127^a	31,574	7,348^a	8,447	*	*	7,255^a	8,396
Female 18-49	19,103^a	21,469	*	*	18,933^a	21,319	5,393^a	6,324	*	*	5,330^a	6,273
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year parole/supervised release status. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.16B – Any Mental Illness and Serious Mental Illness in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Parole/Supervised Release Status and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults On Parole/ Supervised Release (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults On Parole/ Supervised Release (2019)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Parole/ Supervised Release (2018)	Any Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Parole/ Supervised Release (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Total¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults On Parole/ Supervised Release (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults On Parole/ Supervised Release (2019)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Parole/ Supervised Release (2018)	Serious Mental Illness Among Adults Not on Parole/ Supervised Release (2019)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER	19.1^a	20.6	35.1	34.3	19.1^a	20.5	4.6^a	5.2	14.8	8.9	4.5^a	5.2
AGE GROUP
18-49	23.5^a	26.1	37.0	36.7	23.4^a	26.0	6.3^a	7.2	12.5	10.4	6.3^a	7.2
18-25	26.3^a	29.4	25.3	30.9	26.3^a	29.5	7.7^a	8.6	*	4.7	7.7^a	8.6
26-34	26.5^a	29.6	*	*	26.5^a	29.6	7.3	8.0	*	*	7.3	8.0
35-49	19.9^a	21.9	40.4	37.1	19.7^a	21.8	4.9^a	5.9	15.3	*	4.8^a	5.9
GENDER/AGE GROUP
Male 18 or Older	15.2^a	16.3	29.7	32.6	15.1^a	16.2	3.4^a	3.9	11.5	7.3	3.3^a	3.8
Male 18-49	18.8^a	20.5	30.7	34.0	18.7^a	20.4	4.7	5.1	9.5	8.1	4.6	5.1
Female 18 or Older	22.8^a	24.5	*	*	22.7^a	24.5	5.7^a	6.5	*	*	5.7^a	6.5
Female 18-49	28.1^a	31.5	*	*	28.0^a	31.5	7.9^a	9.3	*	*	7.9^a	9.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year parole/supervised release status. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.17A – Received Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	37,101^a	40,154	20,579^a	22,953	7,277^a	8,575	13,302^a	14,378	16,522	17,201
AGE GROUP
18-25	5,120^a	5,756	3,328^a	3,846	1,406^a	1,626	1,922^a	2,220	1,792	1,910
26 or Older	31,981^a	34,397	17,251^a	19,107	5,870^a	6,949	11,381	12,158	14,730	15,291
26-49	16,113^a	17,931	9,950^a	11,452	3,753^a	4,455	6,198^a	6,997	6,163	6,480
50 or Older	15,868	16,466	7,301	7,655	2,118	2,494	5,183	5,161	8,567	8,811
GENDER
Male	12,096^a	13,428	6,372^a	7,217	2,267	2,634	4,104	4,584	5,724	6,210
Female	25,006^a	26,726	14,207^a	15,735	5,009^a	5,942	9,198	9,794	10,798	10,991
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	33,573^a	36,188	18,330^a	20,456	6,453^a	7,516	11,877^a	12,940	15,243	15,732
White	29,151^a	31,158	15,761^a	17,548	5,418^a	6,291	10,343^a	11,257	13,390	13,610
Black or African American	2,555	2,897	1,468	1,688	625	686	844	1,001	1,087	1,210
AIAN	211	192	*	*	*	*	*	*	85	92
NHOPI	98	59	*	*	*	*	*	*	6	21
Asian	894	1,012	518	487	*	*	385	265	376	525
Two or More Races	664	869	365^a	596	*	*	189^a	341	300	274
Hispanic or Latino	3,528	3,965	2,249	2,497	823	1,059	1,425	1,437	1,279	1,469
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	16,601	17,316	8,828^a	9,918	2,829^a	3,483	5,999	6,435	7,773	7,399
Part-Time	5,601^a	6,400	3,175	3,465	1,187	1,343	1,988	2,122	2,426^a	2,935
Unemployed	1,471	1,715	1,034	1,105	467	514	567	591	437^a	610
Other²	13,429^a	14,722	7,542^a	8,465	2,794	3,235	4,749	5,230	5,886	6,257
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health services for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.17B – Received Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	15.0^a	16.1	43.3	44.8	64.1	65.5	36.8	37.6	8.3	8.7
AGE GROUP
18-25	15.2^a	17.2	37.3	38.9	53.8	56.4	30.5	31.7	7.2^a	8.1
26 or Older	15.0^a	16.0	44.7	46.1	67.2	68.1	38.1	39.0	8.4	8.8
26-49	16.1^a	17.8	43.9	45.4	63.7	65.1	36.9	38.1	7.9	8.6
50 or Older	14.0	14.4	45.8	47.2	74.4	74.3	39.6	40.2	8.8	8.9
GENDER
Male	10.1^a	11.2	34.9	36.8	56.4	56.5	28.8	30.7	5.7	6.2
Female	19.5^a	20.8	48.6	49.7	68.3	70.5	42.0	42.1	10.9	11.3
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	16.2^a	17.4	45.1	46.6	65.3	67.8	38.6	39.4	9.2	9.6
White	18.6^a	19.8	49.1	50.3	67.2	70.5	43.0	43.4	10.7	11.1
Black or African American	8.7	9.8	30.6	32.9	58.0	57.9	22.7	25.4	4.4	4.9
AIAN	14.1	13.9	*	*	*	*	*	*	7.3	8.3
NHOPI	10.9	6.1	*	*	*	*	*	*	0.8	2.6
Asian	6.3	7.0	24.9	23.3	*	*	21.7	16.1	3.1	4.3
Two or More Races	15.4	20.0	31.8^a	43.0	*	*	22.3^a	34.9	9.5	9.2
Hispanic or Latino	8.8	9.7	32.9	33.9	56.0	52.8	26.6	26.8	3.8	4.4
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	13.5	14.0	40.5	41.7	58.8	61.3	35.3	35.6	7.7	7.4
Part-Time	17.5^a	19.8	44.9	42.7	63.8	60.3	38.2	36.1	9.7^a	12.1
Unemployed	14.9	17.4	37.6	40.4	59.2	61.6	28.9	31.1	6.1^a	8.6
Other²	16.3^a	17.7	47.4	50.8	71.8	74.4	39.6	42.5	8.9	9.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health services for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.18A – Received Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	37,101^a	40,154	20,579^a	22,953	7,277^a	8,575	13,302^a	14,378	16,522	17,201
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	7,369	7,503	3,771	4,048	1,184	1,406	2,588	2,642	3,597	3,455
Midwest	8,868^a	9,740	4,842^a	5,682	1,780	2,032	3,062^a	3,651	4,027	4,058
South	12,569	13,503	7,057	7,650	2,625	2,902	4,432	4,747	5,512	5,853
West	8,296^a	9,407	4,909	5,573	1,688^a	2,235	3,221	3,338	3,387	3,835
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	19,362^a	21,410	10,585^a	12,293	3,587^a	4,439	6,998^a	7,854	8,777	9,117
Small Metro	12,252	12,970	7,058	7,273	2,605	2,812	4,453	4,461	5,194	5,698
Nonmetro	5,486	5,774	2,935^a	3,387	1,084	1,324	1,851	2,063	2,551	2,386
Urbanized	2,585	2,557	1,314	1,509	481	560	834	949	1,271	1,048
Less Urbanized	2,338	2,684	1,292^a	1,587	458	621	834	966	1,046	1,097
Completely Rural	563	532	329	291	*	*	*	148	234	241
POVERTY LEVEL²
Less Than 100%	5,832	5,578	4,052	3,860	1,774	1,692	2,278	2,168	1,780	1,718
100-199%	6,116^a	7,403	3,753^a	4,762	1,470^a	2,000	2,283^a	2,762	2,363	2,641
200% or More	25,042^a	26,957	12,707^a	14,184	4,009^a	4,847	8,698	9,337	12,335	12,773
EDUCATION
< High School	3,172	3,382	1,877	2,062	788	821	1,089	1,241	1,295	1,320
High School Graduate	7,167	7,939	4,263	4,550	1,622	1,793	2,641	2,757	2,904	3,389
Some College/Associate's Degree	12,994	13,772	7,776	8,333	3,011	3,470	4,765	4,862	5,218	5,439
College Graduate	13,768^a	15,061	6,663^a	8,008	1,856^a	2,491	4,807^a	5,517	7,105	7,054
HEALTH INSURANCE³
Private	24,849^a	26,711	12,721^a	14,061	3,922^a	4,725	8,800	9,336	12,128	12,650
Medicaid/CHIP	6,834^a	8,131	4,749^a	5,553	2,033^a	2,540	2,716	3,013	2,085^a	2,578
Other⁴	10,363	10,935	5,050	5,633	1,791	2,053	3,259	3,580	5,313	5,301
No Coverage	1,985	2,048	1,463	1,419	714	665	749	755	522	629
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ³ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁴ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.18B – Received Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	15.0^a	16.1	43.3	44.8	64.1	65.5	36.8	37.6	8.3	8.7
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	16.9	17.3	45.6	47.2	65.6	68.3	40.0	40.5	10.2	9.9
Midwest	17.2^a	18.8	47.1	49.6	67.5	69.7	40.0	42.8	9.7	10.0
South	13.4	14.3	41.8	42.1	65.5	61.1	34.4	35.4	7.2	7.7
West	14.1^a	15.9	40.8	42.6	58.1^a	66.5	35.3	34.4	7.3	8.3
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	14.1^a	15.4	41.2	43.6	62.5	65.9	35.1	36.6	7.8	8.2
Small Metro	16.6	17.2	46.3	46.0	66.4	64.9	39.3	38.9	8.9	9.6
Nonmetro	15.4	16.8	44.6	46.5	64.1	65.7	37.9	39.2	8.8	8.8
Urbanized	16.0	17.9	41.7^a	48.9	63.8	63.2	34.7^a	43.1	9.8	9.4
Less Urbanized	14.4^a	16.7	46.3	44.9	61.4	67.0	40.8	37.1	7.8	8.7
Completely Rural	17.1	13.6	51.9	44.3	*	*	*	32.6	8.8	7.4
POVERTY LEVEL²
Less Than 100%	17.1	17.5	44.8	44.9	65.3	65.6	35.9	36.0	7.1	7.4
100-199%	12.5^a	15.6	37.3^a	42.4	60.4	62.2	29.9^a	34.5	6.1^a	7.3
200% or More	15.3	16.0	45.1	45.6	65.1	67.2	39.5	39.0	9.1	9.3
EDUCATION
< High School	10.4	11.3	33.5	37.7	64.9	64.1	24.8	29.6	5.2	5.4
High School Graduate	11.7^a	13.2	38.4	39.2	57.7	58.1	31.9	32.4	5.8^a	7.0
Some College/Associate's Degree	16.9	18.0	45.5	45.8	66.2	64.9	38.0	37.8	8.7	9.3
College Graduate	17.4	18.3	48.6	50.1	66.8^a	73.9	44.0	43.7	10.9	10.7
HEALTH INSURANCE³
Private	15.1^a	16.2	45.2	45.8	65.8	67.1	39.6	39.5	8.9	9.4
Medicaid/CHIP	18.7^a	22.9	45.7^a	50.1	68.3	70.8	36.6	40.3	8.0^a	10.6
Other⁴	15.3	15.9	45.5	48.8	76.6	77.8	37.2	40.2	9.4	9.3
No Coverage	8.2	8.0	27.4	25.5	47.1	42.8	19.6	18.8	2.7	3.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ³ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁴ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.19A – Received Inpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	2,366	2,371	1,580	1,674	824	974	756	699	786	697
AGE GROUP
18-25	545	567	415	436	247	262	167	174	130	131
26 or Older	1,822	1,804	1,166	1,238	577	713	588	525	656	566
26-49	1,021	955	753	730	374	494	378^a	236	268	225
50 or Older	801	850	413	508	203	219	210	289	388	341
GENDER
Male	1,042	1,077	728	683	357	333	371	350	315	394
Female	1,324	1,294	853	991	467	642	385	349	472	303
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	1,897	1,995	1,252	1,385	671	797	581	588	645	610
White	1,306	1,298	944	1,009	528	641	416	368	362	289
Black or African American	449	463	226	260	102	93	125	167	223	203
AIAN	27	18	11	*	*	*	*	*	16	5
NHOPI	*	4	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	1
Asian	58	131	24	52	*	19	9	33	34	78
Two or More Races	56	81	47	47	24	38	23	10	10	33
Hispanic or Latino	469	377	328	289	153	177	175	111	141	88
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	855	841	530	564	291	386	239	178	325	277
Medicaid/CHIP	1,008	1,125	714	804	380	451	333	353	294	321
Other³	831	811	440	530	209	246	231	284	391	281
No Coverage	251	260	221	182	121	103	101	79	30	78
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	571	594	419	441	217	291	203	150	152	153
Part-Time	285	284	212	196	133	128	79	68	73	88
Unemployed	205	314	133	206	72	117	61	89	71	108
Other⁴	1,306	1,179	816	831	402	439	413	392	490	348
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁴ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.19B – Received Inpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	1.0	1.0	3.3	3.3	7.3	7.4	2.1	1.8	0.4	0.4
AGE GROUP
18-25	1.6	1.7	4.6	4.4	9.4	9.0	2.7	2.5	0.5	0.6
26 or Older	0.9	0.8	3.0	3.0	6.6	7.0	2.0	1.7	0.4	0.3
26-49	1.0	0.9	3.3	2.9	6.3	7.2	2.3^a	1.3	0.3	0.3
50 or Older	0.7	0.7	2.6	3.1	7.1	6.5	1.6	2.2	0.4	0.3
GENDER
Male	0.9	0.9	4.0	3.5	8.9	7.1	2.6	2.3	0.3	0.4
Female	1.0	1.0	2.9	3.1	6.4	7.6	1.8	1.5	0.5	0.3
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.9	1.0	3.1	3.1	6.8	7.2	1.9	1.8	0.4	0.4
White	0.8	0.8	2.9	2.9	6.5	7.2	1.7	1.4	0.3	0.2
Black or African American	1.5	1.6	4.7	5.1	9.4	7.9	3.4	4.2	0.9	0.8
AIAN	1.8	1.3	3.2	*	*	*	*	*	1.4	0.5
NHOPI	*	0.4	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	0.1
Asian	0.4	0.9	1.2	2.5	*	4.2	0.5	2.0	0.3	0.6
Two or More Races	1.3	1.8	4.1	3.4	8.0	9.2	2.7	1.0	0.3	1.1
Hispanic or Latino	1.2	0.9	4.8	3.9	10.4	8.8	3.3	2.1	0.4	0.3
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	0.5	0.5	1.9	1.8	4.9	5.5	1.1	0.8	0.2	0.2
Medicaid/CHIP	2.8	3.2	6.9	7.2	12.8	12.5	4.5	4.7	1.1	1.3
Other³	1.2	1.2	3.9	4.6	8.9	9.3	2.6	3.2	0.7	0.5
No Coverage	1.0	1.0	4.1	3.2	7.9	6.6	2.6	2.0	0.2	0.4
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	0.5	0.5	1.9	1.9	4.5	5.1	1.2	0.8	0.1	0.2
Part-Time	0.9	0.9	3.0	2.4	7.2	5.8	1.5	1.1	0.3	0.4
Unemployed	2.1	3.2	4.9	7.5	9.1	13.9	3.1	4.7	1.0	1.5
Other⁴	1.6	1.4	5.1	5.0	10.3	10.1	3.4	3.2	0.7	0.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁴ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.20A – Received Outpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	19,461	20,561	12,377^a	13,855	4,970^a	5,773	7,407	8,082	7,084	6,706
AGE GROUP
18-25	3,131^a	3,456	2,174^a	2,562	976^a	1,135	1,199^a	1,426	956	894
26 or Older	16,330	17,105	10,203^a	11,293	3,994^a	4,638	6,208	6,656	6,128	5,812
26-49	8,805^a	9,893	6,033^a	7,100	2,496^a	3,078	3,537^a	4,022	2,771	2,793
50 or Older	7,526	7,213	4,169	4,194	1,498	1,559	2,671	2,634	3,356	3,019
GENDER
Male	6,442	6,821	3,911	4,316	1,613	1,720	2,299	2,596	2,530	2,505
Female	13,019	13,740	8,466^a	9,540	3,357^a	4,053	5,108	5,486	4,554	4,201
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	17,587	18,280	11,070^a	12,281	4,420^a	5,064	6,650	7,217	6,517	6,000
White	15,105	15,298	9,495^a	10,333	3,677^a	4,195	5,817	6,138	5,611	4,965
Black or African American	1,307^a	1,701	812^a	1,149	445	487	366^a	662	495	552
AIAN	109	99	*	*	*	*	*	*	48	47
NHOPI	59	31	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	13
Asian	575	635	364	304	*	*	269	147	211	331
Two or More Races	432	517	280^a	425	*	192	129^a	233	152	91
Hispanic or Latino	1,874^a	2,281	1,307	1,575	550	709	757	865	567	706
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	13,034	13,428	7,751^a	8,576	2,690^a	3,189	5,060	5,387	5,283	4,852
Medicaid/CHIP	3,767^a	4,494	2,924^a	3,457	1,397^a	1,744	1,527	1,713	843	1,037
Other³	5,105	5,198	2,943	3,307	1,213	1,387	1,730	1,920	2,162	1,891
No Coverage	973	986	746	759	415	427	332	333	226	227
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	8,678	8,876	5,241^a	5,941	1,844^a	2,230	3,397	3,711	3,436^a	2,935
Part-Time	3,269	3,599	2,088	2,292	912	970	1,176	1,322	1,180	1,307
Unemployed	768	930	586	678	296	374	291	305	182	251
Other⁴	6,747	7,156	4,461	4,944	1,918	2,199	2,542	2,746	2,286	2,212
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁴ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.20B – Received Outpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	7.9	8.3	26.1	27.1	43.9	44.2	20.5	21.2	3.5	3.4
AGE GROUP
18-25	9.3^a	10.3	24.5	26.0	37.5	39.6	19.1	20.4	3.8	3.8
26 or Older	7.6	7.9	26.5	27.3	45.8	45.6	20.8	21.4	3.5	3.3
26-49	8.8^a	9.8	26.7	28.2	42.5	45.1	21.1	21.9	3.6	3.7
50 or Older	6.6	6.3	26.2	25.9	52.7	46.4	20.4	20.5	3.4	3.1
GENDER
Male	5.4	5.7	21.5	22.0	40.2	37.0	16.2	17.3	2.5	2.5
Female	10.2	10.7	29.0	30.2	46.0	48.3	23.3	23.7	4.6	4.3
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	8.5	8.8	27.3	28.0	44.9	45.8	21.6	22.0	3.9	3.7
White	9.6	9.7	29.6	29.7	45.8	47.1	24.2	23.7	4.5	4.1
Black or African American	4.5^a	5.7	16.9^a	22.4	41.4	41.7	9.9^a	16.7	2.0	2.3
AIAN	7.3	7.2	*	*	*	*	*	*	4.2	4.3
NHOPI	6.5	3.2	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	1.6
Asian	4.1	4.4	17.6	14.6	*	*	15.2	9.0	1.7	2.7
Two or More Races	10.1	11.8	24.4	30.7	*	47.0	15.2	23.8	4.9	3.1
Hispanic or Latino	4.7	5.6	19.2	21.4	37.4	35.5	14.1	16.2	1.7	2.1
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	7.9	8.1	27.5	28.0	45.2	45.4	22.8	22.8	3.9	3.6
Medicaid/CHIP	10.3^a	12.7	28.3	31.3	47.2	48.9	20.7	22.9	3.2^a	4.3
Other³	7.5	7.6	26.5	28.7	52.2	52.6	19.7	21.6	3.8	3.3
No Coverage	4.0	3.8	14.0	13.7	27.5	27.5	8.7	8.3	1.2	1.1
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	7.0	7.2	24.1	25.0	38.4	39.3	20.0	20.5	3.4	2.9
Part-Time	10.2	11.1	29.6	28.3	49.2	43.9	22.6	22.5	4.7	5.4
Unemployed	7.8	9.5	21.4	24.9	37.7	45.5	14.8	16.1	2.5	3.5
Other⁴	8.2	8.6	28.1	29.8	49.5	50.6	21.2	22.4	3.4	3.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁴ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.21A – Received Prescription Medication as a Type of Mental Health Service in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	30,115^a	32,629	17,219^a	18,854	6,420^a	7,402	10,799	11,452	12,896	13,775
AGE GROUP
18-25	3,769^a	4,165	2,547^a	2,854	1,101^a	1,297	1,446	1,557	1,222	1,312
26 or Older	26,346^a	28,464	14,672^a	16,000	5,319^a	6,105	9,353	9,895	11,674	12,464
26-49	12,990^a	14,388	8,294^a	9,422	3,395^a	3,860	4,899^a	5,562	4,696	4,966
50 or Older	13,356	14,076	6,378	6,578	1,924	2,246	4,455	4,333	6,978	7,498
GENDER
Male	9,566^a	10,700	5,185^a	5,868	1,948	2,229	3,237	3,639	4,381	4,832
Female	20,549^a	21,929	12,035^a	12,986	4,473^a	5,173	7,562	7,813	8,515	8,943
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	27,384^a	29,627	15,429^a	16,860	5,722^a	6,473	9,706	10,386	11,956	12,767
White	24,253^a	26,094	13,461^a	14,744	4,859^a	5,492	8,602	9,252	10,791	11,350
Black or African American	1,885	1,941	1,158	1,176	525	521	633	656	727	764
AIAN	174	152	*	*	*	*	*	*	60	67
NHOPI	57	51	*	*	*	*	*	*	6	19
Asian	507	702	345	356	*	*	240	159	162	346
Two or More Races	509	687	298^a	466	*	209	150^a	257	210	221
Hispanic or Latino	2,731	3,003	1,791	1,994	698	929	1,093	1,065	940	1,009
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	19,988^a	21,701	10,480^a	11,403	3,438^a	4,020	7,042	7,383	9,508	10,298
Medicaid/CHIP	5,684^a	6,743	4,094^a	4,736	1,814^a	2,274	2,280	2,462	1,590^a	2,007
Other³	8,679	9,117	4,362	4,777	1,624	1,823	2,739	2,955	4,316	4,339
No Coverage	1,582	1,540	1,195	1,093	604	540	591	553	387	447
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	13,123	13,917	7,217^a	8,002	2,450^a	2,914	4,768	5,088	5,905	5,915
Part-Time	4,518	4,926	2,614	2,720	995	1,120	1,620	1,600	1,904	2,206
Unemployed	1,196	1,374	900	908	422	449	478	459	295^a	466
Other⁴	11,279^a	12,412	6,488	7,224	2,554	2,919	3,934	4,304	4,791	5,188
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁴ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.21B – Received Prescription Medication as a Type of Mental Health Service in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
TOTAL	12.2^a	13.1	36.2	36.7	56.5	56.5	29.9	29.9	6.4^a	7.0
AGE GROUP
18-25	11.1^a	12.4	28.6	28.8	42.1	44.8	22.9	22.2	4.9	5.6
26 or Older	12.3^a	13.2	38.0	38.5	60.8	59.8	31.3	31.6	6.7	7.2
26-49	12.9^a	14.3	36.6	37.3	57.6	56.4	29.2	30.2	6.0	6.6
50 or Older	11.8	12.3	40.0	40.4	67.5	66.7	34.0	33.6	7.2	7.6
GENDER
Male	8.0^a	8.9	28.4	29.8	48.5	47.8	22.8	24.2	4.3	4.8
Female	16.0^a	17.0	41.1	41.0	60.9	61.3	34.4	33.6	8.6	9.2
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	13.2^a	14.2	37.9	38.3	57.9	58.3	31.5	31.6	7.2^a	7.8
White	15.4^a	16.6	41.8	42.2	60.2	61.5	35.7	35.6	8.6	9.3
Black or African American	6.4	6.5	24.2	22.9	48.8	43.9	17.1	16.6	3.0	3.1
AIAN	11.6	11.1	*	*	*	*	*	*	5.1	6.0
NHOPI	6.3	5.2	*	*	*	*	*	*	0.8	2.3
Asian	3.6	4.8	16.6	17.1	*	*	13.5	9.8	1.3	2.8
Two or More Races	11.8	15.8	25.9	33.5	*	51.0	17.7	26.2	6.7	7.4
Hispanic or Latino	6.8	7.3	26.2	26.8	47.4	46.3	20.4	19.6	2.8	3.0
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	12.1^a	13.2	37.2	37.1	57.5	57.0	31.7	31.2	7.0^a	7.7
Medicaid/CHIP	15.6^a	19.0	39.4	42.6	61.1	63.2	30.7	32.8	6.1^a	8.2
Other³	12.8	13.3	39.3	41.3	69.6	69.1	31.2	33.1	7.6	7.6
No Coverage	6.5	6.0	22.3	19.5	39.7	34.7	15.4	13.6	2.0	2.2
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	10.6	11.2	33.1	33.6	50.9	51.3	28.1	28.1	5.8	5.9
Part-Time	14.1	15.2	36.9	33.5	53.4	50.2	31.0	27.1	7.6	9.1
Unemployed	12.1	13.9	32.8	33.1	53.5	53.5	24.4	24.1	4.1^a	6.5
Other⁴	13.7^a	14.9	40.8	43.2	65.6	67.0	32.8	34.8	7.2	7.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁴ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.22A – Received Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility and/or Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Level of Mental Illness and Age Group: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder (SUD) and Level of Mental Illness/Age Group	Received Substance Use Treatment (SU Tx) at a Specialty Facility OR Mental Health (MH) Services (2018)	Received Substance Use Treatment (SU Tx) at a Specialty Facility OR Mental Health (MH) Services (2019)	Received SU Tx at a Specialty Facility BUT NOT MH Services (2018)	Received SU Tx at a Specialty Facility BUT NOT MH Services (2019)	Received MH Services BUT NOT SU Tx at a Specialty Facility (2018)	Received MH Services BUT NOT SU Tx at a Specialty Facility (2019)	Received SU Tx at a Specialty Facility AND MH Services (2018)	Received SU Tx at a Specialty Facility AND MH Services (2019)
SUD and Any Mental Illness	4,709	4,596	303	182	3,758	3,664	645	742
18-25	1,067	1,109	49	35	924	941	90	130
26 or Older	3,642	3,486	254	147	2,834	2,723	555	613
26-49	2,481	2,486	127	113	1,942	1,925	412	445
50 or Older	1,162	1,000	*	35	892	798	143	167
SUD and Serious Mental Illness	2,197	2,371	84	68	1,767	1,852	345	452
18-25	529	577	14	19	464	491	51	67
26 or Older	1,668	1,794	71	48	1,303	1,361	295	385
26-49	1,157	1,325	33	48	888	972	237	305
50 or Older	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Specialty facilities for substance use treatment include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. NOTE: Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.22B – Received Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility and/or Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder and Level of Mental Illness and Age Group: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder (SUD) and Level of Mental Illness/Age Group	Received Substance Use Treatment (SU Tx) at a Specialty Facility OR Mental Health (MH) Services (2018)	Received Substance Use Treatment (SU Tx) at a Specialty Facility OR Mental Health (MH) Services (2019)	Received SU Tx at a Specialty Facility BUT NOT MH Services (2018)	Received SU Tx at a Specialty Facility BUT NOT MH Services (2019)	Received MH Services BUT NOT SU Tx at a Specialty Facility (2018)	Received MH Services BUT NOT SU Tx at a Specialty Facility (2019)	Received SU Tx at a Specialty Facility AND MH Services (2018)	Received SU Tx at a Specialty Facility AND MH Services (2019)
SUD and Any Mental Illness	51.4	48.6	3.3	1.9	41.0	38.7	7.0	7.8
18-25	43.8	43.3	2.0	1.4	37.9	36.7	3.7	5.0
26 or Older	54.1	50.5	3.8	2.1	42.1	39.5	8.2	8.8
26-49	49.5	48.1	2.5	2.2	38.7	37.2	8.2	8.5
50 or Older	67.6	57.9	*	2.0	51.9	46.2	8.3	9.6
SUD and Serious Mental Illness	69.5	66.6	2.7	1.9	55.9	52.0	10.9	12.7
18-25	60.1	60.5	1.5	2.0	52.8	51.4	5.8	7.0
26 or Older	73.1	68.9	3.1	1.9	57.1	52.2	12.9	14.8
26-49	67.2	66.3	1.9	2.4	51.6	48.6	13.7	15.3
50 or Older	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Specialty facilities for substance use treatment include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. NOTE: Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.23A – Locations of Outpatient Mental Health Services among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Received Outpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Location of Mental Health Services¹	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness² (2018)	No Mental Illness² (2019)
Outpatient Mental Health Clinic or Center	4,517^a	5,162	3,479^a	3,990	1,825	2,033	1,655	1,958	1,037	1,172
Office of a Private Therapist, Psychologist, Psychiatrist, Social Worker, or Counselor - Not Part of a Clinic	12,356	12,429	7,605	8,240	2,932^a	3,398	4,672	4,843	4,751	4,188
Doctor's Office - Not Part of a Clinic	2,834	3,136	2,062	2,162	880	830	1,182	1,332	772	974
Outpatient Medical Clinic	1,261	1,181	858	857	376	422	481	434	403	324
Partial Day Hospital or Day Treatment Program	285	346	263	321	184	183	79	138	21	25
School or University Setting/Clinic/Center³	149	151	100	103	43	35	57	68	49	48
Some Other Place⁴	467	534	286	312	139	180	147	132	181	223
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple locations for receiving outpatient mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ³ Respondents were permitted to specify other locations for receiving outpatient mental health services. This location was the most commonly reported other location for receiving outpatient treatment/counseling. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Place Received Outpatient Mental Health Services were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.23B – Locations of Outpatient Mental Health Services among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Received Outpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Location of Mental Health Services¹	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness² (2018)	No Mental Illness² (2019)
Outpatient Mental Health Clinic or Center	23.3	25.3	28.2	29.0	36.8	35.3	22.4	24.4	14.8	17.6
Office of a Private Therapist, Psychologist, Psychiatrist, Social Worker, or Counselor - Not Part of a Clinic	63.8	60.8	61.6	59.8	59.1	59.1	63.2	60.4	67.7	62.8
Doctor's Office - Not Part of a Clinic	14.6	15.3	16.7	15.7	17.8	14.4	16.0	16.6	11.0	14.6
Outpatient Medical Clinic	6.5	5.8	6.9	6.2	7.6	7.3	6.5	5.4	5.7	4.9
Partial Day Hospital or Day Treatment Program	1.5	1.7	2.1	2.3	3.7	3.2	1.1	1.7	0.3	0.4
School or University Setting/Clinic/Center³	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.7
Some Other Place⁴	2.4	2.6	2.3	2.3	2.8	3.2	2.0	1.7	2.6	3.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple locations for receiving outpatient mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ³ Respondents were permitted to specify other locations for receiving outpatient mental health services. This location was the most commonly reported other location for receiving outpatient treatment/counseling. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Place Received Outpatient Mental Health Services were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.24A – Types and Locations of Mental Health Services Received in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Type and Location of Mental Health Services	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
ANY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²	37,101^a	40,154	20,579^a	22,953	7,277^a	8,575	13,302^a	14,378	16,522	17,201
Outpatient	19,461	20,561	12,377^a	13,855	4,970^a	5,773	7,407	8,082	7,084	6,706
Outpatient Mental Health Clinic or Center	4,517^a	5,162	3,479^a	3,990	1,825	2,033	1,655	1,958	1,037	1,172
Office of a Private Therapist, Psychologist, Psychiatrist, Social Worker, or Counselor - Not Part of a Clinic	12,356	12,429	7,605	8,240	2,932^a	3,398	4,672	4,843	4,751	4,188
Doctor's Office - Not Part of a Clinic	2,834	3,136	2,062	2,162	880	830	1,182	1,332	772	974
Outpatient Medical Clinic	1,261	1,181	858	857	376	422	481	434	403	324
Partial Day Hospital or Day Treatment Program	285	346	263	321	184	183	79	138	21	25
School or University Setting/Clinic/Center³	149	151	100	103	43	35	57	68	49	48
Some Other Place⁴	467	534	286	312	139	180	147	132	181	223
Inpatient	2,366	2,371	1,580	1,674	824	974	756	699	786	697
Prescription Medication	30,115^a	32,629	17,219^a	18,854	6,420^a	7,402	10,799	11,452	12,896	13,775
DID NOT RECEIVE MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES	210,232	208,617	26,926^a	28,330	4,075	4,515	22,851	23,815	183,306	180,287
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents could indicate multiple service types; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Respondents were permitted to specify other locations for receiving outpatient mental health services. This location was the most commonly reported other location for receiving outpatient treatment/counseling. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Place Received Outpatient Mental Health Services were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.24B – Types and Locations of Mental Health Services Received in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Type and Location of Mental Health Services	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness (2019)	Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Serious Mental Illness (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)
ANY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²	15.0^a	16.1	43.3	44.8	64.1	65.5	36.8	37.6	8.3	8.7
Outpatient	7.9	8.3	26.1	27.1	43.9	44.2	20.5	21.2	3.5	3.4
Outpatient Mental Health Clinic or Center	1.8^a	2.1	7.3	7.8	16.1	15.6	4.6	5.1	0.5	0.6
Office of a Private Therapist, Psychologist, Psychiatrist, Social Worker, or Counselor - Not Part of a Clinic	5.0	5.0	16.0	16.1	25.9	26.1	12.9	12.7	2.4	2.1
Doctor's Office - Not Part of a Clinic	1.1	1.3	4.4	4.2	7.8	6.4	3.3	3.5	0.4	0.5
Outpatient Medical Clinic	0.5	0.5	1.8	1.7	3.3	3.2	1.3	1.1	0.2	0.2
Partial Day Hospital or Day Treatment Program	0.1	0.1	0.6	0.6	1.6	1.4	0.2	0.4	0.0	0.0
School or University Setting/Clinic/Center³	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
Some Other Place⁴	0.2	0.2	0.6	0.6	1.2	1.4	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.1
Inpatient	1.0	1.0	3.3	3.3	7.3	7.4	2.1	1.8	0.4	0.4
Prescription Medication	12.2^a	13.1	36.2	36.7	56.5	56.5	29.9	29.9	6.4^a	7.0
DID NOT RECEIVE MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES	85.0^a	83.9	56.7	55.2	35.9	34.5	63.2	62.4	91.7	91.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. NOTE: Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with no mental illness may still have received mental health treatment for a past disorder that is in partial or full remission or treatment for a disorder that was not included in the definition of mental illness or for other reasons. ² Respondents could indicate multiple service types; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Respondents were permitted to specify other locations for receiving outpatient mental health services. This location was the most commonly reported other location for receiving outpatient treatment/counseling. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Place Received Outpatient Mental Health Services were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.25A – Locations of Outpatient Mental Health Services among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Received Outpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Age Group: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Location of Mental Health Services¹	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
Outpatient Mental Health Clinic or Center	4,517^a	5,162	882	911	3,635^a	4,251	2,103	2,395	1,531	1,856
Office of a Private Therapist, Psychologist, Psychiatrist, Social Worker, or Counselor - Not Part of a Clinic	12,356	12,429	2,062	2,243	10,294	10,185	5,488^a	6,238	4,806^a	3,947
Doctor's Office - Not Part of a Clinic	2,834	3,136	307	404	2,527	2,733	1,279	1,490	1,248	1,243
Outpatient Medical Clinic	1,261	1,181	163	212	1,098	969	632	583	466	385
Partial Day Hospital or Day Treatment Program	285	346	111	80	174	266	141	159	33	107
School or University Setting/Clinic/Center²	149	151	123	114	26	37	26	37	*	*
Some Other Place³	467	534	64	55	403	480	174	154	229	326
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple locations for receiving outpatient mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² Respondents were permitted to specify other locations for receiving outpatient mental health services. This location was the most commonly reported other location for receiving outpatient treatment/counseling. ³ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Place Received Outpatient Mental Health Services were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.25B – Locations of Outpatient Mental Health Services among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Received Outpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Age Group: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Location of Mental Health Services¹	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
Outpatient Mental Health Clinic or Center	23.3	25.3	28.3	26.6	22.4	25.0	24.0	24.3	20.5	25.9
Office of a Private Therapist, Psychologist, Psychiatrist, Social Worker, or Counselor - Not Part of a Clinic	63.8	60.8	66.3	65.5	63.3	59.9	62.6	63.4	64.3^a	55.0
Doctor's Office - Not Part of a Clinic	14.6	15.3	9.9	11.8	15.6	16.1	14.6	15.1	16.7	17.3
Outpatient Medical Clinic	6.5	5.8	5.2	6.2	6.8	5.7	7.2	5.9	6.2	5.4
Partial Day Hospital or Day Treatment Program	1.5	1.7	3.6	2.3	1.1	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.4	1.5
School or University Setting/Clinic/Center²	0.8	0.7	4.0	3.4	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.4	*	*
Some Other Place³	2.4	2.6	2.1	1.6	2.5	2.8	2.0	1.6	3.1	4.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple locations for receiving outpatient mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² Respondents were permitted to specify other locations for receiving outpatient mental health services. This location was the most commonly reported other location for receiving outpatient treatment/counseling. ³ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Place Received Outpatient Mental Health Services were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.26A – Sources of Payment for Outpatient Mental Health Services among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Received Outpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Age Group: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Source of Payment¹	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
Self or Family Member Living in Household	7,310	7,542	1,371	1,473	5,939	6,069	3,523^a	3,964	2,416	2,106
Family Member Not Living in Household	621	683	338	324	283	359	234	258	49	100
Private Health Insurance	7,889	7,772	1,114	1,153	6,775	6,619	3,731	3,914	3,045	2,704
Medicare	2,837	3,250	212	227	2,625	3,023	710^a	913	1,915	2,110
Medicaid	2,318	2,604	322	297	1,996	2,307	1,249	1,484	747	823
Rehabilitation Program	30	30	9	6	21	24	21	18	*	7
Employer	1,289	1,346	105	86	1,184	1,260	646	821	538	439
VA or Other Military Program	1,083	951	32	38	1,051	913	400	392	652	521
Other Public Source	462	545	63^a	116	399	429	211	302	187	126
Other Private Source	275	220	42	55	233	164	131	98	103	66
Free Treatment	886^a	1,156	344	444	542	712	360	459	182	253
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple sources of payment for outpatient mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.26B – Sources of Payment for Outpatient Mental Health Services among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Received Outpatient Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Age Group: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Source of Payment¹	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
Self or Family Member Living in Household	37.9	37.2	44.5	44.2	36.7	35.8	40.3	40.5	32.4	29.4
Family Member Not Living in Household	3.2	3.4	11.0	9.7	1.7	2.1	2.7	2.6	0.7	1.4
Private Health Insurance	40.9	38.3	36.1	34.6	41.8	39.0	42.7	40.0	40.8	37.7
Medicare	14.7	16.0	6.9	6.8	16.2	17.8	8.1	9.3	25.7	29.4
Medicaid	12.0	12.8	10.5	8.9	12.3	13.6	14.3	15.2	10.0	11.5
Rehabilitation Program	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	*	0.1
Employer	6.7	6.6	3.4	2.6	7.3	7.4	7.4	8.4	7.2	6.1
VA or Other Military Program	5.6	4.7	1.0	1.2	6.5	5.4	4.6	4.0	8.7	7.3
Other Public Source	2.4	2.7	2.0^a	3.5	2.5	2.5	2.4	3.1	2.5	1.8
Other Private Source	1.4	1.1	1.3	1.7	1.4	1.0	1.5	1.0	1.4	0.9
Free Treatment	4.6	5.7	11.2	13.3	3.3	4.2	4.1	4.7	2.4	3.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown mental health services information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple sources of payment for outpatient mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.27A – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	14,215^a	16,597	7,349^a	8,573	6,845^a	7,997
AGE GROUP
18-25	4,261^a	5,079	1,763^a	2,193	2,489^a	2,883
26 or Older	9,954^a	11,519	5,586^a	6,380	4,356^a	5,114
26-49	7,110^a	8,480	3,654^a	4,522	3,445^a	3,933
50 or Older	2,844	3,039	1,931	1,858	911	1,181
GENDER
Male	4,245^a	5,174	2,025	2,232	2,214^a	2,932
Female	9,969^a	11,424	5,324^a	6,341	4,630	5,065
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	12,077^a	14,063	6,264^a	7,376	5,792^a	6,661
White	9,938^a	11,221	5,393^a	6,054	4,528^a	5,142
Black or African American	1,228^a	1,555	522^a	751	706	803
AIAN	80	96	*	*	33	54
NHOPI	20	52	*	*	*	37
Asian	451	636	115^a	262	336	375
Two or More Races	359^a	502	176	252	180	250
Hispanic or Latino	2,138^a	2,534	1,085	1,197	1,052^a	1,335
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	6,590^a	8,201	3,192^a	3,906	3,397^a	4,276
Part-Time	2,938	3,137	1,395	1,426	1,537	1,704
Unemployed	800	977	405	510	395	467
Other³	3,887	4,281	2,356	2,732	1,515	1,550
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.27B – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	5.7^a	6.7	19.9	21.4	3.3^a	3.8
AGE GROUP
18-25	12.6^a	15.2	34.5^a	38.3	8.7^a	10.4
26 or Older	4.7^a	5.3	17.5	18.6	2.4^a	2.8
26-49	7.1^a	8.4	22.8^a	25.3	4.1^a	4.8
50 or Older	2.5	2.7	12.2	11.3	0.9	1.2
GENDER
Male	3.6^a	4.3	16.8	16.7	2.1^a	2.8
Female	7.8^a	8.9	21.3^a	23.8	4.5	5.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	5.8^a	6.8	18.7^a	20.4	3.3^a	3.9
White	6.3^a	7.1	18.5	19.5	3.5^a	4.1
Black or African American	4.2^a	5.3	20.6	26.1	2.6	3.0
AIAN	5.4	7.0	*	*	2.5	4.6
NHOPI	2.2	5.3	*	*	*	4.0
Asian	3.2	4.4	12.9^a	26.2	2.6	2.8
Two or More Races	8.4^a	11.6	26.6	29.1	5.0	7.2
Hispanic or Latino	5.3	6.2	31.0	30.3	2.9^a	3.6
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	5.4^a	6.6	19.3^a	22.6	3.2^a	4.0
Part-Time	9.2	9.7	24.9	22.3	5.8	6.6
Unemployed	8.1	9.9	27.6	29.9	4.7	5.7
Other³	4.7	5.2	17.6	18.6	2.2	2.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.28A – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	14,215^a	16,597	7,349^a	8,573	6,845^a	7,997
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	2,468	2,673	1,390	1,408	1,069	1,253
Midwest	3,139^a	3,754	1,677^a	2,095	1,458	1,646
South	4,987^a	5,868	2,439^a	2,973	2,543	2,894
West	3,621^a	4,302	1,844	2,097	1,775^a	2,203
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	7,952^a	9,310	3,786^a	4,715	4,162	4,578
Small Metro	4,427^a	5,096	2,482	2,677	1,933^a	2,409
Nonmetro	1,836^a	2,190	1,081	1,181	749^a	1,009
Urbanized	870	1,027	459	546	411	482
Less Urbanized	820	991	526	549	289^a	442
Completely Rural	145	172	95	86	50	86
POVERTY LEVEL³
Less Than 100%	2,804	2,814	1,651	1,735	1,146	1,078
100-199%	3,135^a	3,824	1,520^a	2,034	1,605	1,790
200% or More	8,160^a	9,738	4,133^a	4,704	4,022^a	5,007
EDUCATION
< High School	1,303	1,367	794	792	508	574
High School Graduate	2,733^a	3,315	1,304^a	1,719	1,426	1,595
Some College/Associate's Degree	5,546^a	6,201	2,989	3,138	2,546^a	3,058
College Graduate	4,633^a	5,714	2,263^a	2,924	2,365^a	2,770
HEALTH INSURANCE⁴
Private	8,330^a	10,270	4,139^a	5,044	4,173^a	5,200
Medicaid/CHIP	3,199	3,617	1,947^a	2,322	1,251	1,294
Other⁵	2,223	2,297	1,502	1,526	719	771
No Coverage	1,853	1,994	762	762	1,091	1,231
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ⁴ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁵ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.28B – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	5.7^a	6.7	19.9	21.4	3.3^a	3.8
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	5.7	6.1	18.9	18.9	3.0	3.5
Midwest	6.1^a	7.2	18.9	21.6	3.4	3.9
South	5.3^a	6.2	19.4	22.1	3.1	3.6
West	6.2^a	7.3	22.3	22.3	3.5^a	4.4
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	5.8^a	6.7	19.6^a	22.1	3.5	3.9
Small Metro	6.0^a	6.8	20.3	20.7	3.1^a	3.9
Nonmetro	5.1^a	6.4	19.7	20.6	2.5^a	3.5
Urbanized	5.4^a	7.2	17.8	21.4	3.0	4.1
Less Urbanized	5.0	6.2	22.5	20.6	2.1^a	3.3
Completely Rural	4.4	4.4	17.0	16.2	1.8	2.5
POVERTY LEVEL³
Less Than 100%	8.2	8.8	28.5	31.3	4.1	4.1
100-199%	6.4^a	8.1	24.9	27.7	3.8^a	4.5
200% or More	5.0^a	5.8	16.5	17.5	2.9^a	3.5
EDUCATION
< High School	4.3	4.6	25.0	23.8	1.9	2.2
High School Graduate	4.5^a	5.5	18.3	21.7	2.6	3.1
Some College/Associate's Degree	7.2^a	8.1	23.1	22.8	4.0^a	4.9
College Graduate	5.9^a	7.0	16.4^a	19.4	3.6	4.1
HEALTH INSURANCE⁴
Private	5.1^a	6.2	16.7^a	18.9	3.0^a	3.8
Medicaid/CHIP	8.8^a	10.2	28.6	28.7	4.2	4.8
Other⁵	3.3	3.3	14.5	14.0	1.3	1.3
No Coverage	7.6	7.8	38.4	38.0	4.9	5.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ⁴ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁵ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.29A – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	11,208^a	13,321	6,223^a	7,480	4,966^a	5,826
AGE GROUP
18-25	3,370^a	4,021	1,537^a	1,884	1,824^a	2,135
26 or Older	7,839^a	9,300	4,686^a	5,596	3,142^a	3,690
26-49	5,732^a	7,047	3,195^a	4,043	2,527^a	2,990
50 or Older	2,107	2,253	1,491	1,553	614	700
GENDER
Male	3,333^a	4,026	1,675	1,931	1,653^a	2,093
Female	7,875^a	9,295	4,548^a	5,549	3,312^a	3,733
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	9,469^a	11,286	5,294^a	6,441	4,155^a	4,829
White	7,881^a	9,030	4,587^a	5,343	3,278	3,672
Black or African American	878^a	1,223	412^a	639	466	582
AIAN	55	*	*	*	*	*
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	328	462	85	*	244	289
Two or More Races	307^a	437	*	230	138	207
Hispanic or Latino	1,739	2,035	928	1,039	811	996
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	5,190^a	6,604	2,685^a	3,484	2,505^a	3,112
Part-Time	2,291	2,524	1,214	1,198	1,073^a	1,318
Unemployed	634	773	353	442	282	331
Other³	3,093	3,420	1,972	2,356	1,106	1,064
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.29B – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	23.6^a	26.0	30.3	32.7	18.5^a	20.6
AGE GROUP
18-25	37.9^a	40.7	46.3	49.2	32.8	35.5
26 or Older	20.3^a	22.5	27.3	29.3	14.7	16.6
26-49	25.3^a	28.0	32.2	35.4	19.9	21.8
50 or Older	13.2	13.9	20.5	20.3	7.1	8.2
GENDER
Male	18.3^a	20.5	26.5	26.9	13.9^a	16.9
Female	26.9^a	29.4	32.1^a	35.3	22.1	23.5
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	23.3^a	25.7	29.0	31.6	18.6^a	20.7
White	24.5	25.9	29.2	30.5	20.1	21.2
Black or African American	18.3^a	23.9	28.2^a	37.9	14.0	17.0
AIAN	16.5	*	*	*	*	*
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	15.9	22.3	16.3	*	15.8	18.1
Two or More Races	26.8	31.5	*	38.7	17.8	26.2
Hispanic or Latino	25.5	27.6	41.6	41.7	17.7	20.4
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	23.8^a	27.8	30.5^a	35.2	19.3^a	22.5
Part-Time	32.4	31.1	38.2	34.6	27.7	28.4
Unemployed	23.1	28.2	34.2	40.1	16.4	20.3
Other³	19.5	20.6	26.3	28.0	13.3	13.0
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.30A – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	11,208^a	13,321	6,223^a	7,480	4,966^a	5,826
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	1,873	1,989	1,164	1,171	702	809
Midwest	2,506^a	3,103	1,428^a	1,876	1,074	1,222
South	3,972^a	4,659	2,057^a	2,545	1,910	2,113
West	2,857^a	3,571	1,575	1,888	1,280^a	1,681
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	6,052^a	7,529	3,124^a	4,145	2,924^a	3,378
Small Metro	3,647	3,926	2,204	2,240	1,432^a	1,676
Nonmetro	1,510^a	1,867	895	1,095	610	772
Urbanized	688	857	374	492	314	365
Less Urbanized	698	863	443	521	250	341
Completely Rural	124	147	*	81	*	66
POVERTY LEVEL³
Less Than 100%	2,323	2,294	1,408	1,503	909	791
100-199%	2,518^a	3,140	1,354^a	1,737	1,154^a	1,403
200% or More	6,270^a	7,706	3,420^a	4,147	2,847^a	3,543
EDUCATION
< High School	1,011	1,047	628	702	381	345
High School Graduate	2,236^a	2,660	1,119^a	1,377	1,113	1,284
Some College/Associate's Degree	4,624^a	5,232	2,666	2,877	1,947^a	2,349
College Graduate	3,337^a	4,382	1,810^a	2,524	1,524^a	1,848
HEALTH INSURANCE⁴
Private	6,327^a	8,112	3,440^a	4,391	2,869^a	3,706
Medicaid/CHIP	2,668	2,931	1,719	1,954	949	977
Other⁵	1,685	1,820	1,156	1,292	527	527
No Coverage	1,577	1,650	708	703	869	947
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ⁴ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁵ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.30B – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	23.6^a	26.0	30.3	32.7	18.5^a	20.6
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	22.7	23.2	31.0	29.1	15.7	17.9
Midwest	24.3	27.1	29.6	33.1	19.7	21.2
South	23.5	25.7	29.2	33.3	19.4	20.1
West	23.8^a	27.3	32.3	34.0	18.0^a	22.5
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	23.6^a	26.7	29.6^a	33.8	19.4	21.3
Small Metro	23.9	24.9	31.3	30.9	17.5	19.7
Nonmetro	22.9	25.6	30.6	32.3	16.8	19.8
Urbanized	21.9^a	27.7	28.7	32.6	17.1	23.1
Less Urbanized	24.8	24.3	34.3	32.9	16.7	17.5
Completely Rural	19.6	22.4	*	28.0	*	17.9
POVERTY LEVEL³
Less Than 100%	25.7	26.7	35.0	39.3	18.2	16.7
100-199%	25.1	28.0	36.2	36.5	18.4	21.8
200% or More	22.3^a	24.7	27.0	29.3	18.4^a	21.0
EDUCATION
< High School	18.0	19.2	33.5	34.1	10.2	10.2
High School Graduate	20.2	22.9	26.4	30.3	16.3	18.2
Some College/Associate's Degree	27.1	28.8	34.5	34.7	20.9	23.8
College Graduate	24.3^a	27.4	27.2	31.5	21.7	23.2
HEALTH INSURANCE⁴
Private	22.5^a	26.4	27.2^a	31.3	18.6^a	22.3
Medicaid/CHIP	25.7	26.4	36.3	35.3	16.9	17.7
Other⁵	15.2	15.7	22.9	22.9	8.7	8.9
No Coverage	29.4	29.7	48.4	50.1	22.4	22.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ⁴ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁵ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.31A – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	5,116^a	6,233	3,268^a	4,186	1,845	2,046
AGE GROUP
18-25	1,549^a	1,803	819^a	1,024	726	778
26 or Older	3,567^a	4,430	2,448^a	3,162	1,119	1,268
26-49	2,660^a	3,251	1,755^a	2,214	905	1,038
50 or Older	907	1,178	693	948	*	*
GENDER
Male	1,593	1,826	930	1,071	663	754
Female	3,523^a	4,407	2,337^a	3,114	1,182	1,292
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	4,323^a	5,250	2,761^a	3,559	1,559	1,690
White	3,590^a	4,137	2,398^a	2,875	1,190	1,262
Black or African American	391^a	595	217^a	365	174	228
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	*
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	*	*	*	*	*	*
Two or More Races	*	*	*	*	*	*
Hispanic or Latino	793	983	507	627	286	356
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	2,144^a	2,946	1,239^a	1,838	905	1,106
Part-Time	950^a	1,194	597	681	353^a	513
Unemployed	383	364	*	259	*	*
Other³	1,639	1,730	1,210	1,407	426	323
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.31B – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	45.1	47.7	45.0	48.9	45.4	45.6
AGE GROUP
18-25	59.5	62.5	58.5	62.9	60.6	62.3
26 or Older	40.8	43.5	41.8	45.6	39.0	39.2
26-49	45.2	47.6	47.0	49.8	42.3	43.5
50 or Older	31.9	35.1	32.7	38.0	*	*
GENDER
Male	39.9	39.4	41.3	40.7	38.0	37.6
Female	48.0	52.3	46.7^a	52.5	50.9	52.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	43.8	47.4	42.9	47.4	45.6	47.7
White	44.6	46.4	44.4	45.8	45.2	48.4
Black or African American	36.3^a	50.6	34.8^a	53.2	38.5	46.8
AIAN	*	*	*	*	*	*
NHOPI	*	*	*	*	*	*
Asian	*	*	*	*	*	*
Two or More Races	*	*	*	*	*	*
Hispanic or Latino	53.9	49.0	61.6	59.2	44.2	37.6
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	44.6^a	51.9	44.0^a	52.8	45.8	50.6
Part-Time	51.1	53.6	50.3	50.7	52.5	58.4
Unemployed	48.6	43.6	*	50.7	*	*
Other³	42.1	39.8	43.5	43.6	38.8	29.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.32A – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	5,116^a	6,233	3,268^a	4,186	1,845	2,046
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	793	986	569	702	224	284
Midwest	1,290	1,422	831	993	458	429
South	1,740^a	2,208	1,101^a	1,432	636	775
West	1,294^a	1,617	766^a	1,058	528	558
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	2,618^a	3,389	1,576^a	2,336	1,042	1,052
Small Metro	1,742	1,875	1,196	1,217	546	659
Nonmetro	756^a	968	496	633	257	336
Urbanized	299^a	448	179^a	272	*	*
Less Urbanized	391	450	273	312	*	*
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	*
POVERTY LEVEL³
Less Than 100%	1,234	1,240	833	913	401	328
100-199%	1,156^a	1,556	736^a	987	416^a	569
200% or More	2,690^a	3,369	1,682^a	2,264	1,007	1,103
EDUCATION
< High School	481	558	349	432	*	127
High School Graduate	1,133	1,323	632	796	498	527
Some College/Associate's Degree	2,250^a	2,641	1,508	1,702	742	937
College Graduate	1,252^a	1,711	779^a	1,256	473	455
HEALTH INSURANCE⁴
Private	2,566^a	3,443	1,598^a	2,252	965^a	1,189
Medicaid/CHIP	1,338	1,621	970	1,221	368	400
Other⁵	817	910	662	765	155	145
No Coverage	918	853	508	451	409	402
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ⁴ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁵ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.32B – Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Total¹		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES²
	Total¹		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL	45.1	47.7	45.0	48.9	45.4	45.6
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	44.1	47.9	48.3	49.9	36.2	43.4
Midwest	48.9	48.8	46.7	49.0	53.4	48.7
South	43.3	46.6	42.0	49.4	46.2	42.3
West	44.8	48.1	45.8	47.3	43.4	49.8
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	45.8	50.4	44.1^a	52.7	48.6	46.0
Small Metro	44.3	43.4	45.9	43.3	41.5	43.6
Nonmetro	44.7	47.7	46.1	47.8	42.5	48.5
Urbanized	40.2	50.4	37.6	48.6	*	*
Less Urbanized	52.1	48.0	59.9	50.3	*	*
Completely Rural	*	*	*	*	*	*
POVERTY LEVEL³
Less Than 100%	45.5	48.1	47.2	54.0	42.6	37.3
100-199%	47.6	48.7	50.2	49.5	43.3	47.4
200% or More	43.7	46.7	42.0	46.7	47.1	46.7
EDUCATION
< High School	39.6	44.2	44.4	52.7	*	28.7
High School Graduate	40.3	42.8	39.1	44.5	42.0	40.7
Some College/Associate's Degree	49.6	49.4	50.3	49.0	48.5	50.1
College Graduate	45.2	50.8	42.1	50.4	51.3	51.7
HEALTH INSURANCE⁴
Private	43.1^a	48.9	40.9^a	47.7	47.3	51.4
Medicaid/CHIP	45.0	45.2	47.8	48.1	39.0	38.4
Other⁵	35.0	34.5	37.1	37.3	28.3	24.8
No Coverage	60.5	55.5	71.2	68.4	51.3	46.0
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ⁴ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁵ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.33A – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with a Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Services¹	Total²		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES³
	Total²		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL POPULATION	14,215^a	16,597	7,349^a	8,573	6,845^a	7,997
Could Not Afford Cost	5,411^a	6,701	2,587^a	3,467	2,815^a	3,232
Might Cause Neighbors/Community to Have Negative Opinion	1,467	1,651	665	749	801	897
Might Have Negative Effect on Job	1,320	1,492	679	686	641	806
Health Insurance Does Not Cover Any Mental Health Services	1,100	1,243	551	574	545	669
Health Insurance Does Not Pay Enough for Mental Health Services	2,213	2,505	1,143^a	1,441	1,065	1,061
Did Not Know Where to Go for Services	3,432^a	4,033	1,552	1,604	1,879^a	2,420
Concerned about Confidentiality	1,199	1,438	473^a	644	726	794
Concerned about Being Committed/Having to Take Medicine	1,731^a	2,031	888	1,077	841	952
Did Not Feel Need for Treatment at the Time	1,465	1,685	686	885	778	801
Thought Could Handle the Problem Without Treatment	3,709^a	4,579	1,641^a	2,052	2,067^a	2,526
Treatment Would Not Help	1,572^a	1,893	870	1,032	703	862
Did Not Have Time	2,832^a	3,553	1,406^a	1,861	1,415^a	1,686
Did Not Want Others to Find Out	1,053	1,103	381	436	671	667
No Transportation/Inconvenient	722	920	459	597	263	323
Some Other Reason⁴	1,502^a	1,906	880^a	1,183	618	720
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ³ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Reason for Not Receiving Mental Health Services were classified as not having received treatment/counseling for Some Other Reason. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.33B – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with a Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Services¹	Total²		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES³
	Total²		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Could Not Afford Cost	38.5	40.6	35.7^a	40.6	41.5	40.8
Might Cause Neighbors/Community to Have Negative Opinion	10.4	10.0	9.2	8.8	11.8	11.3
Might Have Negative Effect on Job	9.4	9.0	9.4	8.0	9.4	10.2
Health Insurance Does Not Cover Any Mental Health Services	7.8	7.5	7.6	6.7	8.0	8.4
Health Insurance Does Not Pay Enough for Mental Health Services	15.7	15.2	15.8	16.9	15.7	13.4
Did Not Know Where to Go for Services	24.4	24.4	21.4	18.8	27.7	30.5
Concerned about Confidentiality	8.5	8.7	6.5	7.5	10.7	10.0
Concerned about Being Committed/Having to Take Medicine	12.3	12.3	12.3	12.6	12.4	12.0
Did Not Feel Need for Treatment at the Time	10.4	10.2	9.5	10.4	11.5	10.1
Thought Could Handle the Problem Without Treatment	26.4	27.8	22.7	24.0	30.4	31.9
Treatment Would Not Help	11.2	11.5	12.0	12.1	10.3	10.9
Did Not Have Time	20.2	21.6	19.4	21.8	20.8	21.3
Did Not Want Others to Find Out	7.5	6.7	5.3	5.1	9.9	8.4
No Transportation/Inconvenient	5.1	5.6	6.3	7.0	3.9	4.1
Some Other Reason⁴	10.7	11.6	12.2	13.9	9.1	9.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ³ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Reason for Not Receiving Mental Health Services were classified as not having received treatment/counseling for Some Other Reason. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.34A – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness and a Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Services¹	Total²		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES³
	Total²		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL POPULATION	11,208^a	13,321	6,223^a	7,480	4,966^a	5,826
Could Not Afford Cost	4,529^a	5,744	2,283^a	3,198	2,238	2,547
Might Cause Neighbors/Community to Have Negative Opinion	1,227	1,404	616	703	610	696
Might Have Negative Effect on Job	1,159	1,327	618	651	541	676
Health Insurance Does Not Cover Any Mental Health Services	884	1,033	439	519	441	513
Health Insurance Does Not Pay Enough for Mental Health Services	1,846	2,116	1,047	1,262	794	853
Did Not Know Where to Go for Services	2,799^a	3,315	1,348	1,394	1,449^a	1,920
Concerned about Confidentiality	1,030^a	1,281	429^a	602	601	679
Concerned about Being Committed/Having to Take Medicine	1,564^a	1,892	862	1,030	698	861
Did Not Feel Need for Treatment at the Time	1,139	1,241	605	712	533	529
Thought Could Handle the Problem Without Treatment	2,855^a	3,516	1,387^a	1,749	1,468^a	1,767
Treatment Would Not Help	1,329^a	1,694	761	952	569^a	741
Did Not Have Time	2,317^a	2,822	1,255^a	1,654	1,053	1,162
Did Not Want Others to Find Out	876	994	338	422	538	573
No Transportation/Inconvenient	624^a	842	440	568	184	274
Some Other Reason⁴	1,316	1,544	781^a	1,031	531	509
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ³ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Reason for Not Receiving Mental Health Services were classified as not having received treatment/counseling for Some Other Reason. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.34B – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Any Mental Illness and a Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Services¹	Total²		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES³
	Total²		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Could Not Afford Cost	40.7	43.3	37.1^a	42.9	45.2	43.9
Might Cause Neighbors/Community to Have Negative Opinion	11.0	10.6	10.0	9.4	12.3	12.0
Might Have Negative Effect on Job	10.4	10.0	10.1	8.7	10.9	11.7
Health Insurance Does Not Cover Any Mental Health Services	8.0	7.8	7.1	7.0	8.9	8.8
Health Insurance Does Not Pay Enough for Mental Health Services	16.6	15.9	17.0	16.9	16.0	14.7
Did Not Know Where to Go for Services	25.2	25.0	21.9	18.7	29.3	33.1
Concerned about Confidentiality	9.3	9.6	7.0	8.1	12.1	11.7
Concerned about Being Committed/Having to Take Medicine	14.1	14.2	14.0	13.8	14.1	14.8
Did Not Feel Need for Treatment at the Time	10.2	9.3	9.8	9.5	10.8	9.1
Thought Could Handle the Problem Without Treatment	25.7	26.5	22.6	23.5	29.6	30.5
Treatment Would Not Help	12.0	12.8	12.4	12.8	11.5	12.8
Did Not Have Time	20.8	21.3	20.4	22.2	21.3	20.0
Did Not Want Others to Find Out	7.9	7.5	5.5	5.7	10.9	9.9
No Transportation/Inconvenient	5.6	6.3	7.2	7.6	3.7	4.7
Some Other Reason⁴	11.8	11.6	12.7	13.8	10.7	8.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Any Mental Illness (AMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ³ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Reason for Not Receiving Mental Health Services were classified as not having received treatment/counseling for Some Other Reason. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.35A – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness and a Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Services¹	Total²		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES³
	Total²		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL POPULATION	5,116^a	6,233	3,268^a	4,186	1,845	2,046
Could Not Afford Cost	2,351^a	2,923	1,338^a	1,864	1,009	1,059
Might Cause Neighbors/Community to Have Negative Opinion	667	715	401	450	266	265
Might Have Negative Effect on Job	668	780	417	441	251	339
Health Insurance Does Not Cover Any Mental Health Services	493	473	304	272	189	201
Health Insurance Does Not Pay Enough for Mental Health Services	973	1,065	617	717	352	348
Did Not Know Where to Go for Services	1,365	1,547	781	793	584	753
Concerned about Confidentiality	617	735	308	390	308	345
Concerned about Being Committed/Having to Take Medicine	1,044	1,240	624	760	416	478
Did Not Feel Need for Treatment at the Time	473	505	304	332	169	173
Thought Could Handle the Problem Without Treatment	1,131^a	1,479	663^a	921	468	558
Treatment Would Not Help	674	842	408^a	564	266	277
Did Not Have Time	946	1,182	610	804	335	378
Did Not Want Others to Find Out	454	449	211	258	243	190
No Transportation/Inconvenient	410	459	318	325	92	135
Some Other Reason⁴	641^a	871	440^a	636	202	235
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ³ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Reason for Not Receiving Mental Health Services were classified as not having received treatment/counseling for Some Other Reason. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200413

Table 8.35B – Detailed Reasons for Not Receiving Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Past Year Serious Mental Illness and a Perceived Unmet Need for Mental Health Services in Past Year, by Receipt of Past Year Mental Health Services: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Reason Did Not Receive Mental Health Services¹	Total²		MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES³
	Total²		Received		Not Received
	2018	2019	2018	2019	2018	2019
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Could Not Afford Cost	46.1	46.9	41.2	44.6	54.7	51.8
Might Cause Neighbors/Community to Have Negative Opinion	13.1	11.5	12.3	10.8	14.4	12.9
Might Have Negative Effect on Job	13.1	12.5	12.8	10.5	13.6	16.6
Health Insurance Does Not Cover Any Mental Health Services	9.7	7.6	9.4	6.5	10.3	9.8
Health Insurance Does Not Pay Enough for Mental Health Services	19.1	17.1	19.0	17.1	19.1	17.0
Did Not Know Where to Go for Services	26.8	24.8	24.0	19.0	31.6	36.8
Concerned about Confidentiality	12.1	11.8	9.5	9.3	16.7	16.9
Concerned about Being Committed/Having to Take Medicine	20.5	19.9	19.2	18.2	22.5	23.4
Did Not Feel Need for Treatment at the Time	9.3	8.1	9.3	7.9	9.2	8.5
Thought Could Handle the Problem Without Treatment	22.2	23.7	20.4	22.0	25.4	27.3
Treatment Would Not Help	13.2	13.5	12.6	13.5	14.4	13.6
Did Not Have Time	18.6	19.0	18.8	19.2	18.2	18.5
Did Not Want Others to Find Out	8.9	7.2	6.5	6.2	13.2	9.3
No Transportation/Inconvenient	8.0	7.4	9.8	7.8	5.0	6.6
Some Other Reason⁴	12.6	14.0	13.5	15.2	10.9	11.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Serious Mental Illness (SMI) aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of SMI are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. NOTE: Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple reasons for not receiving mental health services; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² The Total column includes respondents with unknown mental health services information. ³ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on Some Other Reason for Not Receiving Mental Health Services were classified as not having received treatment/counseling for Some Other Reason. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.36A – Major Depressive Episode in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Gender and Detailed Age Category: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Age Category	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Male (2018)	Male (2019)	Female (2018)	Female (2019)
TOTAL	17,720^a	19,357	6,272^a	7,125	11,447	12,233
18-25	4,609^a	5,045	1,665	1,841	2,943^a	3,204
18-20	1,818	2,050	631	736	1,187	1,314
21-25	2,790	2,995	1,034	1,105	1,756	1,890
26 or Older	13,111^a	14,312	4,607^a	5,284	8,504	9,028
26-49	7,990^a	8,914	2,956	3,271	5,034^a	5,643
26-29	1,996	2,088	797	852	1,199	1,236
30-34	1,911^a	2,259	696	845	1,215	1,414
35-39	1,467	1,705	565	487	902^a	1,218
40-44	1,319	1,455	483	532	836	922
45-49	1,295	1,407	415	555	881	852
50 or Older	5,121	5,399	1,651	2,013	3,470	3,386
50-54	1,382	1,364	530	562	852	801
55-59	1,281	1,270	437	452	843	818
60-64	971	1,056	262	307	709	749
65 or Older	1,488	1,709	422	693	1,066	1,017
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.36B – Major Depressive Episode in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Gender and Detailed Age Category: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Age Category	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Male (2018)	Male (2019)	Female (2018)	Female (2019)
TOTAL	7.2^a	7.8	5.3^a	6.0	9.0	9.6
18-25	13.8^a	15.2	9.9	11.1	17.6^a	19.4
18-20	14.2^a	15.8	9.3	11.1	19.6	20.8
21-25	13.5^a	14.8	10.3	11.1	16.5^a	18.5
26 or Older	6.2^a	6.7	4.5^a	5.1	7.7	8.1
26-49	8.0^a	8.9	6.0	6.6	10.0^a	11.1
26-29	11.4	11.7	9.1	9.5	13.7	14.0
30-34	8.7^a	10.2	6.4	7.8	10.9	12.6
35-39	6.8	8.0	5.4	4.7	8.2^a	11.1
40-44	6.8	7.6	5.0	5.7	8.6	9.5
45-49	6.7	7.0	4.4	5.5	8.9	8.5
50 or Older	4.5	4.7	3.1	3.8	5.8	5.6
50-54	6.8	6.7	5.3	5.6	8.1	7.8
55-59	5.9	6.1	4.4	4.5	7.3	7.5
60-64	4.8	5.2	2.6	3.2	7.1	6.9
65 or Older	2.9	3.3	1.9	3.0	3.8	3.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.37A – Major Depressive Episode with Severe Impairment in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Gender and Detailed Age Category: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Age Category	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Male (2018)	Male (2019)	Female (2018)	Female (2019)
TOTAL	11,489^a	13,112	4,013^a	4,646	7,476^a	8,466
18-25	2,968^a	3,407	1,087	1,236	1,881^a	2,170
18-20	1,183	1,341	417	482	766	859
21-25	1,785^a	2,065	670	754	1,115^a	1,311
26 or Older	8,520^a	9,705	2,926	3,409	5,595^a	6,296
26-49	5,284^a	6,101	1,980	2,169	3,304^a	3,932
26-29	1,326	1,427	530	558	796	869
30-34	1,259	1,468	480	511	778	957
35-39	973	1,192	366	331	606^a	860
40-44	895	1,039	345	401	550	638
45-49	831	976	258	367	573	609
50 or Older	3,236	3,604	946	1,240	2,291	2,364
50-54	976	887	287	341	689	546
55-59	852	886	311	314	541	572
60-64	588	737	128	174	460	563
65 or Older	820	1,094	220	411	601	684
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. NOTE: Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.37B – Major Depressive Episode with Severe Impairment in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Gender and Detailed Age Category: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Age Category	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Male (2018)	Male (2019)	Female (2018)	Female (2019)
TOTAL	4.7^a	5.3	3.4^a	3.9	5.9^a	6.6
18-25	8.9^a	10.3	6.5^a	7.4	11.3^a	13.1
18-20	9.2	10.3	6.2	7.2	12.6	13.6
21-25	8.6^a	10.2	6.7	7.6	10.5^a	12.8
26 or Older	4.0^a	4.5	2.9	3.3	5.1	5.7
26-49	5.3^a	6.1	4.0	4.4	6.5^a	7.8
26-29	7.6	8.0	6.0	6.2	9.1	9.9
30-34	5.7	6.7	4.4	4.7	7.0	8.5
35-39	4.5^a	5.6	3.5	3.2	5.5^a	7.9
40-44	4.6	5.5	3.6	4.3	5.7	6.6
45-49	4.3	4.9	2.8	3.7	5.8	6.0
50 or Older	2.9	3.2	1.8	2.3	3.8	3.9
50-54	4.8	4.4	2.9	3.4	6.6	5.3
55-59	4.0	4.2	3.1	3.1	4.7	5.3
60-64	2.9	3.6	1.3	1.8	4.6	5.2
65 or Older	1.6	2.1	1.0	1.8	2.2	2.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. NOTE: Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.38A – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, and Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with MDE or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year, by Gender and Age Group: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Gender/Age Group	Had MDE (2018)	Had MDE (2019)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2018)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2019)
TOTAL	17,720^a	19,357	11,489^a	13,112	11,462^a	12,824	7,878^a	9,467
18-25	4,609^a	5,045	2,968^a	3,407	2,286^a	2,565	1,594^a	1,921
26 or Older	13,111^a	14,312	8,520^a	9,705	9,176^a	10,258	6,283^a	7,546
26-49	7,990^a	8,914	5,284^a	6,101	5,142^a	6,135	3,593^a	4,532
50 or Older	5,121	5,399	3,236	3,604	4,034	4,124	2,691	3,014
MALE	6,272^a	7,125	4,013^a	4,646	3,548	4,041	2,464	2,868
18-25	1,665	1,841	1,087	1,236	674	793	496	599
26 or Older	4,607^a	5,284	2,926	3,409	2,875	3,248	1,969	2,268
26-49	2,956	3,271	1,980	2,169	1,660	1,927	1,220	1,369
50 or Older	1,651	2,013	946	1,240	1,215	1,321	*	899
FEMALE	11,447	12,233	7,476^a	8,466	7,914^a	8,783	5,414^a	6,599
18-25	2,943^a	3,204	1,881^a	2,170	1,612	1,772	1,099^a	1,321
26 or Older	8,504	9,028	5,595^a	6,296	6,302^a	7,011	4,315^a	5,278
26-49	5,034^a	5,643	3,304^a	3,932	3,482^a	4,208	2,372^a	3,163
50 or Older	3,470	3,386	2,291	2,364	2,819	2,802	1,942	2,115
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ² Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.38B – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, and Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with MDE or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year, by Gender and Age Group: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Gender/Age Group	Had MDE (2018)	Had MDE (2019)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2018)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2019)
TOTAL	7.2^a	7.8	4.7^a	5.3	64.8	66.3	68.6^a	72.2
18-25	13.8^a	15.2	8.9^a	10.3	49.6	50.9	53.7	56.4
26 or Older	6.2^a	6.7	4.0^a	4.5	70.1	71.8	73.8^a	77.8
26-49	8.0^a	8.9	5.3^a	6.1	64.4^a	68.9	68.0^a	74.4
50 or Older	4.5	4.7	2.9	3.2	78.9	76.5	83.1	83.6
MALE	5.3^a	6.0	3.4^a	3.9	56.7	56.8	61.4	61.8
18-25	9.9	11.1	6.5^a	7.4	40.5	43.1	45.6	48.5
26 or Older	4.5^a	5.1	2.9	3.3	62.6	61.6	67.3	66.7
26-49	6.0	6.6	4.0	4.4	56.3	59.2	61.7	63.3
50 or Older	3.1	3.8	1.8	2.3	73.9	65.6	*	72.5
FEMALE	9.0	9.6	5.9^a	6.6	69.2	71.9	72.4^a	78.0
18-25	17.6^a	19.4	11.3^a	13.1	54.8	55.3	58.4	60.9
26 or Older	7.7	8.1	5.1	5.7	74.1	77.7	77.1^a	83.8
26-49	10.0^a	11.1	6.5^a	7.8	69.2^a	74.6	71.8^a	80.4
50 or Older	5.8	5.6	3.8	3.9	81.3	83.0	84.8	89.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ² Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.39A – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, and Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with MDE or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Had MDE (2018)	Had MDE (2019)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2018)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2019)
TOTAL	17,720^a	19,357	11,489^a	13,112	11,462^a	12,824	7,878^a	9,467
GENDER
Male	6,272^a	7,125	4,013^a	4,646	3,548	4,041	2,464	2,868
Female	11,447	12,233	7,476^a	8,466	7,914^a	8,783	5,414^a	6,599
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	15,225^a	16,588	9,970^a	11,299	10,118^a	11,223	6,972^a	8,255
White	12,224^a	13,319	7,993^a	9,071	8,366^a	9,346	5,767^a	6,851
Black or African American	1,783	1,841	1,150	1,264	1,090	1,096	740	808
AIAN	125	129	93	109	*	*	*	*
NHOPI	64	34	55	18	*	*	*	*
Asian	593	669	379	427	261	346	*	*
Two or More Races	437	595	299	411	288	359	*	259
Hispanic or Latino	2,495	2,769	1,519	1,813	1,344	1,601	906^a	1,212
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	7,750^a	8,550	4,784^a	5,362	4,680	5,148	3,031^a	3,569
Part-Time	2,906^a	3,404	1,813^a	2,339	1,731^a	2,112	1,127^a	1,614
Unemployed	1,112	1,099	735	774	648	639	465	474
Other³	5,952	6,304	4,158	4,637	4,403	4,925	3,254	3,810
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ² Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.39B – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, and Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with MDE or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year, by Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Had MDE (2018)	Had MDE (2019)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2018)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2019)
TOTAL	7.2^a	7.8	4.7^a	5.3	64.8	66.3	68.6^a	72.2
GENDER
Male	5.3^a	6.0	3.4^a	3.9	56.7	56.8	61.4	61.8
Female	9.0	9.6	5.9^a	6.6	69.2	71.9	72.4^a	78.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	7.4^a	8.0	4.8^a	5.5	66.5	67.7	69.9^a	73.1
White	7.8^a	8.5	5.1^a	5.8	68.5	70.2	72.2	75.6
Black or African American	6.1	6.3	4.0	4.3	61.2	59.6	64.3	64.1
AIAN	8.5	9.4	6.4	7.9	*	*	*	*
NHOPI	6.9	3.5	5.9	1.8	*	*	*	*
Asian	4.3	4.7	2.7	3.0	43.9	51.7	*	*
Two or More Races	10.2	13.7	7.0	9.4	65.8	60.3	*	63.0
Hispanic or Latino	6.2	6.8	3.8	4.5	53.9	58.0	59.6	66.9
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	6.3^a	6.9	3.9^a	4.4	60.4	60.3	63.4	66.6
Part-Time	9.1^a	10.6	5.7^a	7.3	59.6	62.0	62.2	69.0
Unemployed	11.3	11.2	7.5	7.9	58.3	58.4	63.4	61.5
Other³	7.3	7.7	5.1	5.6	74.2	78.3	78.3	82.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ² Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.40A – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, and Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with MDE or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year, by Geographic, Socioeconomic, and Health Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic/ Health Characteristic	Had MDE (2018)	Had MDE (2019)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2018)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2019)
TOTAL	17,720^a	19,357	11,489^a	13,112	11,462^a	12,824	7,878^a	9,467
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	2,917	3,161	1,840	2,110	2,035	2,227	1,313	1,565
Midwest	4,120	4,344	2,750	2,890	2,773	2,999	1,994	2,141
South	6,166^a	6,873	4,147^a	4,647	3,880	4,314	2,818	3,203
West	4,516	4,979	2,752^a	3,464	2,773	3,284	1,754^a	2,559
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	9,356^a	10,446	5,838^a	7,114	5,865^a	6,859	3,826^a	5,151
Small Metro	5,798	6,038	3,846	4,131	3,921	4,123	2,788	3,043
Nonmetro	2,566	2,873	1,806	1,866	1,677	1,842	1,264	1,273
POVERTY LEVEL³
Less Than 100%	3,636	3,380	2,634	2,521	2,397	2,298	1,840	1,864
100-199%	3,785^a	4,537	2,469^a	3,251	2,345^a	2,892	1,635^a	2,217
200% or More	10,198^a	11,243	6,318^a	7,238	6,684^a	7,514	4,375^a	5,334
EDUCATION
< High School	1,821	1,801	1,242	1,359	1,168	1,216	879	969
High School Graduate	4,175	4,373	2,830	2,942	2,450	2,602	1,815	1,949
Some College/Associate's Degree	6,953	7,625	4,699^a	5,380	4,539	4,974	3,285^a	3,832
College Graduate	4,770^a	5,558	2,718^a	3,430	3,305^a	4,031	1,899^a	2,717
HEALTH INSURANCE⁴
Private	10,245^a	11,255	6,305^a	7,140	6,755^a	7,578	4,350^a	5,268
Medicaid/CHIP	4,021^a	4,578	2,902^a	3,414	2,865^a	3,410	2,166^a	2,727
Other⁵	3,660	4,052	2,522	2,842	2,915	3,080	2,072	2,313
No Coverage	2,219	2,124	1,378	1,543	954	892	685	748
OVERALL HEALTH⁶
Excellent	1,869	2,041	998	1,203	1,039	1,171	578	762
Very Good	5,772	6,184	3,435^a	3,936	3,448	3,783	2,161^a	2,640
Good	5,622^a	6,369	3,636^a	4,300	3,655^a	4,219	2,440^a	3,109
Fair/Poor	4,457	4,758	3,420	3,668	3,319	3,645	2,699	2,952
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ² Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded. ³ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ⁴ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁵ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁶ Respondents with unknown health data were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.40B – Major Depressive Episode (MDE) or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, and Receipt of Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older with MDE or MDE with Severe Impairment in Past Year, by Geographic, Socioeconomic, and Health Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic/ Health Characteristic	Had MDE (2018)	Had MDE (2019)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2018)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment¹ (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE² (2019)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2018)	Received Treatment for Depression in Past Year among Persons with MDE with Severe Impairment^1,2 (2019)
TOTAL	7.2^a	7.8	4.7^a	5.3	64.8	66.3	68.6^a	72.2
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	6.7	7.4	4.3	4.9	69.8	70.7	71.3	74.2
Midwest	8.0	8.4	5.3	5.6	67.3	69.0	72.5	74.1
South	6.6^a	7.3	4.5	5.0	63.1	62.9	68.0	69.0
West	7.7	8.5	4.7^a	5.9	61.5	66.0	63.7^a	73.9
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	6.8^a	7.6	4.3^a	5.1	62.7	65.7	65.5^a	72.4
Small Metro	7.9	8.1	5.2	5.5	67.7	68.4	72.5	73.8
Nonmetro	7.2^a	8.4	5.1	5.5	65.7	64.3	70.1	68.2
POVERTY LEVEL³
Less Than 100%	10.7	10.7	7.8	8.0	66.0	68.3	69.9	74.0
100-199%	7.8^a	9.7	5.1^a	6.9	62.2	63.9	66.2	68.2
200% or More	6.3	6.7	3.9^a	4.3	65.5	66.9	69.2^a	73.7
EDUCATION
< High School	6.0	6.1	4.1	4.6	64.6	67.7	70.7	71.5
High School Graduate	6.9	7.3	4.7	4.9	58.7	59.5	64.2	66.3
Some College/Associate's Degree	9.1^a	10.0	6.2^a	7.1	65.3	65.4	69.9	71.2
College Graduate	6.1^a	6.8	3.5^a	4.2	69.3	72.6	69.9^a	79.2
HEALTH INSURANCE⁴
Private	6.2^a	6.9	3.8^a	4.3	65.9	67.4	69.0^a	73.8
Medicaid/CHIP	11.2^a	13.1	8.1^a	9.7	71.3	74.5	74.7	79.9
Other⁵	5.4	5.9	3.7	4.2	79.8	76.2	82.2	81.4
No Coverage	9.2	8.4	5.7	6.1	43.1	42.1	49.7	48.6
OVERALL HEALTH⁶
Excellent	3.6	4.0	1.9	2.4	55.6	57.4	57.9	63.4
Very Good	6.5	6.9	3.9^a	4.4	59.7	61.2	62.9	67.1
Good	7.8^a	8.7	5.0^a	5.9	65.1	66.4	67.2	72.3
Fair/Poor	13.2	14.0	10.1	10.8	74.7	76.8	78.9	80.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ² Respondents with unknown past year treatment for depression data were excluded. ³ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ⁴ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ⁵ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁶ Respondents with unknown health data were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.41A – Level of Mental Illness and Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Had MDE² (2018)	Had MDE² (2019)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	248,857	250,316	47,635^a	51,495	11,373^a	13,115	36,262^a	38,379	201,222^a	198,822	17,720^a	19,357	11,489^a	13,112	228,363	227,964
ILLICIT DRUGS	7,412	7,419	4,361	4,595	1,910	2,002	2,451	2,593	3,051	2,825	2,230	2,223	1,631	1,726	5,058	5,079
Marijuana	3,910	4,136	2,118	2,423	748	868	1,370	1,554	1,791	1,714	1,072	1,099	702	812	2,779	2,955
Cocaine	973	1,006	581	653	322	362	259	291	391	352	317	315	247	257	649	676
Heroin	522	438	*	*	*	*	*	113	*	*	*	*	103	*	*	*
Hallucinogens	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Inhalants	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Methamphetamine	1,033	1,029	752	717	440	392	312	324	281	312	427	346	331	301	584	668
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	2,370	2,011	1,637	1,455	820	819	816	636	733	556	833	859	647	731	1,488^a	1,127
Pain Relievers	1,591	1,279	1,061	918	472	537	589^a	381	529	361	462	527	350	453	1,112^a	732
Stimulants	508	492	380	378	219	183	162	195	128	114	240	206	194	164	249	283
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	683	585	554	441	295	298	259^a	143	129	145	337	315	264	282	332	264
Tranquilizers	612	508	518	389	275	266	243^a	123	94	118	314	278	244	245	292	223
Sedatives	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	1,920	1,535	1,262	1,069	550	617	713^a	452	658	466	536	603	400	504	1,350^a	907
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	4,163	3,820	2,705	2,560	1,389	1,372	1,316	1,188	1,457	1,260	1,428	1,337	1,111	1,110	2,658	2,427
ALCOHOL	14,418	14,090	6,390	6,370	1,971	2,210	4,420	4,160	8,027	7,720	2,642	2,889	1,728	1,904	11,612	11,073
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	2,487	2,225	1,565	1,428	715	648	850	781	923	796	833	731	634	555	1,613	1,458
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	19,343	19,285	9,187	9,536	3,166	3,564	6,021	5,973	10,156	9,749	4,039	4,381	2,725	3,075	15,056	14,694
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	4,925	5,195	2,797	3,166	1,195	1,354	1,601	1,812	2,129	2,029	1,396	1,492	997	1,171	3,445	3,621
ALCOHOL ONLY	11,930	11,866	4,826	4,942	1,256^a	1,562	3,570	3,380	7,105	6,924	1,809^a	2,158	1,094^a	1,349	9,999	9,615
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	229,515	231,031	38,448^a	41,958	8,207^a	9,551	30,241^a	32,407	191,066	189,073	13,681^a	14,976	8,764^a	10,037	213,307	213,270
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.41B – Level of Mental Illness and Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Had MDE² (2018)	Had MDE² (2019)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	Had MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	19.1^a	20.6	4.6^a	5.2	14.6^a	15.3	80.9^a	79.4	7.2^a	7.8	4.7^a	5.3	92.8^a	92.2
ILLICIT DRUGS	100.0	100.0	58.8	61.9	25.8	27.0	33.1	34.9	41.2	38.1	30.6	30.4	22.4	23.7	69.4	69.6
Marijuana	100.0	100.0	54.2	58.6	19.1	21.0	35.0	37.6	45.8	41.4	27.8	27.1	18.3	20.0	72.2	72.9
Cocaine	100.0	100.0	59.8	65.0	33.2	36.0	26.6	29.0	40.2	35.0	32.8	31.8	25.6	26.1	67.2	68.2
Heroin	100.0	100.0	*	*	*	*	*	25.9	*	*	*	*	20.5	*	*	*
Hallucinogens	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Inhalants	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Methamphetamine	100.0	100.0	72.8	69.7	42.6	38.1	30.2	31.5	27.2	30.3	42.2	34.2	32.8	29.6	57.8	65.8
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	100.0	100.0	69.1	72.4	34.6	40.7	34.4	31.6	30.9	27.6	35.9	43.2	27.9^a	36.8	64.1	56.8
Pain Relievers	100.0	100.0	66.7	71.8	29.7^a	42.0	37.0	29.8	33.3	28.2	29.3^a	41.9	22.2^a	35.9	70.7^a	58.1
Stimulants	100.0	100.0	74.9	76.9	43.1	37.2	31.8	39.7	25.1	23.1	49.1	42.1	39.7	33.6	50.9	57.9
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	100.0	100.0	81.2	75.3	43.2	50.9	38.0	24.4	18.8	24.7	50.4	54.4	39.5	48.7	49.6	45.6
Tranquilizers	100.0	100.0	84.7	76.7	45.0	52.5	39.7^a	24.2	15.3	23.3	51.8	55.5	40.3	49.0	48.2	44.5
Sedatives	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	100.0	100.0	65.7	69.6	28.6^a	40.2	37.1	29.4	34.3	30.4	28.4^a	39.9	21.2^a	33.3	71.6^a	60.1
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	100.0	100.0	65.0	67.0	33.4	35.9	31.6	31.1	35.0	33.0	34.9	35.5	27.2	29.5	65.1	64.5
ALCOHOL	100.0	100.0	44.3	45.2	13.7	15.7	30.7	29.5	55.7	54.8	18.5	20.7	12.1	13.7	81.5	79.3
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	100.0	100.0	62.9	64.2	28.7	29.1	34.2	35.1	37.1	35.8	34.1	33.4	25.9	25.4	65.9	66.6
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	100.0	100.0	47.5	49.4	16.4^a	18.5	31.1	31.0	52.5	50.6	21.1	23.0	14.3^a	16.1	78.9	77.0
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	100.0	100.0	56.8	60.9	24.3	26.1	32.5	34.9	43.2	39.1	28.8	29.2	20.6	22.9	71.2	70.8
ALCOHOL ONLY	100.0	100.0	40.4	41.6	10.5^a	13.2	29.9	28.5	59.6	58.4	15.3^a	18.3	9.3^a	11.5	84.7^a	81.7
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	100.0	100.0	16.8^a	18.2	3.6^a	4.1	13.2^a	14.0	83.2^a	81.8	6.0^a	6.6	3.9^a	4.4	94.0^a	93.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.42A – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	49,031^a	52,924	17,496^a	19,998	5,614^a	6,475	11,882^a	13,524	31,535	32,926	7,663^a	8,555	5,169^a	6,112	40,603^a	43,776
Marijuana	40,377^a	44,958	13,915^a	16,741	4,420^a	5,225	9,496^a	11,516	26,462^a	28,217	6,261^a	7,200	4,228^a	5,080	33,566^a	37,318
Cocaine	5,418	5,371	2,430	2,523	870	974	1,560	1,549	2,987	2,848	1,044	1,148	671	809	4,232	4,179
Crack	753	766	407	477	174	287	233	190	346	289	122^a	256	88^a	225	618	510
Heroin	798	745	430	423	206	260	224	163	367	322	160	223	123	182	609	511
Hallucinogens	5,219	5,571	2,412	2,616	907	863	1,505	1,753	2,807	2,954	1,236	1,223	796	854	3,853	4,252
LSD	2,115	2,191	1,046	1,069	402	326	644	743	1,070	1,122	573	529	375	341	1,508	1,613
PCP	56	52	33	17	17	10	15	7	23	35	23	8	23	7	21	31
Ecstasy	2,386	2,395	1,095	1,114	392	344	702	770	1,292	1,281	551	496	370	341	1,789	1,866
Inhalants	1,341	1,399	621	696	218	234	403	462	720	703	360	357	172	259	959	1,003
Methamphetamine	1,824	1,958	1,126	1,150	579	534	548	616	697	808	580	471	449	418	1,192	1,462
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	15,686	15,242	7,196	7,347	2,594	2,799	4,602	4,548	8,490	7,895	3,126	3,329	2,154	2,465	12,206	11,706
Pain Relievers	9,253	9,158	4,229	4,396	1,582	1,746	2,646	2,651	5,024	4,761	1,863	2,017	1,309	1,514	7,160	7,031
Stimulants	4,739	4,499	2,331	2,259	822	885	1,509	1,374	2,409	2,240	1,066	1,101	715	785	3,598	3,358
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	5,975	5,459	3,203	3,175	1,217	1,366	1,986	1,809	2,772^a	2,285	1,389	1,530	929^a	1,204	4,446^a	3,834
Tranquilizers	5,319	4,829	2,958	2,864	1,131	1,272	1,827	1,592	2,362^a	1,965	1,295	1,417	859^a	1,108	3,903^a	3,318
Sedatives	1,021	1,016	470	574	202	250	268	324	551	442	210	282	165	223	785	728
Benzodiazepines	5,039	4,460	2,758	2,639	1,065	1,167	1,693	1,472	2,280^a	1,821	1,186	1,338	795^a	1,054	3,737^a	3,037
Opioids	9,551	9,499	4,374	4,534	1,657	1,813	2,717	2,720	5,177	4,965	1,913	2,066	1,342	1,550	7,393	7,318
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	21,422	21,727	9,392	9,969	3,315	3,696	6,077	6,273	12,029	11,758	4,063	4,456	2,766^a	3,269	16,883	16,960
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	137,602	137,381	27,214^a	29,216	6,288^a	7,399	20,926	21,817	110,388	108,165	10,121^a	11,058	6,307^a	7,170	126,207	124,902
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	65,891	64,633	14,891^a	15,895	3,676^a	4,283	11,215	11,612	51,000^a	48,738	5,670	6,205	3,448^a	3,970	59,607	57,705
Heavy Alcohol Use	16,437	15,835	4,227	4,436	1,163	1,297	3,063	3,138	12,211	11,399	1,742	1,808	1,045	1,107	14,531	13,853
Cigarette Use	46,284	45,313	13,399	13,991	4,236	4,322	9,163	9,669	32,885	31,322	5,405	5,328	3,844	3,866	40,114	39,260
Daily Cigarette Use	27,229	26,721	7,937	8,283	2,748	2,560	5,190	5,724	19,292	18,437	3,184	3,164	2,317	2,334	23,690	23,173
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.42B – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	19.7^a	21.1	36.7^a	38.8	49.4	49.4	32.8^a	35.2	15.7^a	16.6	43.2	44.2	45.0	46.6	17.8^a	19.2
Marijuana	16.2^a	18.0	29.2^a	32.5	38.9	39.8	26.2^a	30.0	13.2^a	14.2	35.3	37.2	36.8	38.7	14.7^a	16.4
Cocaine	2.2	2.1	5.1	4.9	7.7	7.4	4.3	4.0	1.5	1.4	5.9	5.9	5.8	6.2	1.9	1.8
Crack	0.3	0.3	0.9	0.9	1.5	2.2	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.7^a	1.3	0.8^a	1.7	0.3	0.2
Heroin	0.3	0.3	0.9	0.8	1.8	2.0	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.9	1.2	1.1	1.4	0.3	0.2
Hallucinogens	2.1	2.2	5.1	5.1	8.0	6.6	4.2	4.6	1.4	1.5	7.0	6.3	6.9	6.5	1.7	1.9
LSD	0.9	0.9	2.2	2.1	3.5^a	2.5	1.8	1.9	0.5	0.6	3.2	2.7	3.3	2.6	0.7	0.7
PCP	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ecstasy	1.0	1.0	2.3	2.2	3.4	2.6	1.9	2.0	0.6	0.6	3.1	2.6	3.2	2.6	0.8	0.8
Inhalants	0.5	0.6	1.3	1.4	1.9	1.8	1.1	1.2	0.4	0.4	2.0	1.8	1.5	2.0	0.4	0.4
Methamphetamine	0.7	0.8	2.4	2.2	5.1	4.1	1.5	1.6	0.3	0.4	3.3	2.4	3.9	3.2	0.5	0.6
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	6.3	6.1	15.1	14.3	22.8	21.3	12.7	11.8	4.2	4.0	17.6	17.2	18.8	18.8	5.3	5.1
Pain Relievers	3.7	3.7	8.9	8.5	13.9	13.3	7.3	6.9	2.5	2.4	10.5	10.4	11.4	11.6	3.1	3.1
Stimulants	1.9	1.8	4.9	4.4	7.2	6.7	4.2	3.6	1.2	1.1	6.0	5.7	6.2	6.0	1.6	1.5
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	2.4	2.2	6.7	6.2	10.7	10.4	5.5	4.7	1.4^a	1.1	7.8	7.9	8.1	9.2	1.9^a	1.7
Tranquilizers	2.1	1.9	6.2	5.6	9.9	9.7	5.0	4.1	1.2	1.0	7.3	7.3	7.5	8.5	1.7^a	1.5
Sedatives	0.4	0.4	1.0	1.1	1.8	1.9	0.7	0.8	0.3	0.2	1.2	1.5	1.4	1.7	0.3	0.3
Benzodiazepines	2.0^a	1.8	5.8	5.1	9.4	8.9	4.7	3.8	1.1^a	0.9	6.7	6.9	6.9	8.0	1.6^a	1.3
Opioids	3.8	3.8	9.2	8.8	14.6	13.8	7.5	7.1	2.6	2.5	10.8	10.7	11.7	11.8	3.2	3.2
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	8.6	8.7	19.7	19.4	29.2	28.2	16.8	16.3	6.0	5.9	22.9	23.0	24.1	24.9	7.4	7.4
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	55.3	54.9	57.1	56.7	55.3	56.4	57.7	56.8	54.9	54.4	57.1	57.1	54.9	54.7	55.3	54.8
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.5	25.8	31.3	30.9	32.3	32.7	30.9	30.3	25.3	24.5	32.0	32.1	30.0	30.3	26.1	25.3
Heavy Alcohol Use	6.6	6.3	8.9	8.6	10.2	9.9	8.4	8.2	6.1	5.7	9.8	9.3	9.1	8.4	6.4	6.1
Cigarette Use	18.6	18.1	28.1	27.2	37.2^a	33.0	25.3	25.2	16.3	15.8	30.5^a	27.5	33.5^a	29.5	17.6	17.2
Daily Cigarette Use	10.9	10.7	16.7	16.1	24.2^a	19.5	14.3	14.9	9.6	9.3	18.0	16.3	20.2	17.8	10.4	10.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.43A – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 18 to 25, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	13,168	13,193	4,761^a	5,357	1,556^a	1,761	3,204^a	3,597	8,408^a	7,836	2,549	2,750	1,645^a	1,953	10,368	10,214
Marijuana	11,829	11,952	4,251^a	4,866	1,372^a	1,614	2,879^a	3,252	7,578	7,085	2,266	2,504	1,477^a	1,755	9,349	9,258
Cocaine	1,967	1,789	852	873	270	305	582	568	1,115^a	915	401	451	248	308	1,500	1,306
Crack	87	61	48	47	25	19	23	28	39^a	13	24	23	18	23	58	37
Heroin	157^a	87	93	65	39	30	55	34	64^a	22	48	39	40	35	103^a	46
Hallucinogens	2,332	2,425	1,014	1,167	339	398	675	769	1,317	1,258	568	604	360	426	1,699	1,761
LSD	1,187	1,202	551	595	193	188	358	407	636	607	310	293	196	213	864	878
PCP	10	30	5	11	1	10	4	2	5	19	1	8	*	7	4	10
Ecstasy	1,063	1,089	454	474	135	141	320	333	608	615	261	235	151	170	782	835
Inhalants	495	577	227^a	333	73^a	125	155	208	268	244	135	195	79^a	160	349	350
Methamphetamine	273	275	154	146	67	50	88	96	119	130	87	59	71	49	164	214
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	4,202^a	3,868	1,881	1,878	667	731	1,214	1,147	2,321^a	1,990	1,015	1,042	672	791	3,087^a	2,750
Pain Relievers	1,858	1,754	853	893	332	389	521	503	1,005	861	482	514	325	409	1,312	1,180
Stimulants	2,216^a	1,951	962	957	317	371	645	587	1,254^a	994	532	510	352	373	1,649^a	1,419
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	1,658^a	1,409	871	775	332	345	539^a	430	787^a	634	439	485	299^a	396	1,186^a	903
Tranquilizers	1,566^a	1,313	821	712	308	305	512^a	407	745^a	601	408	437	282	355	1,125^a	856
Sedatives	194	175	123	120	64	78	60	42	71	55	79	91	51	82	115	82
Benzodiazepines	1,526^a	1,266	792	694	300	292	492	402	733^a	572	402	428	278	347	1,096^a	827
Opioids	1,895	1,776	877	904	338	389	539	515	1,018	871	493	517	332	409	1,339	1,199
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	6,006	5,791	2,556	2,700	881	988	1,675	1,712	3,450^a	3,091	1,365	1,438	889^a	1,062	4,488	4,217
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	18,757	18,323	5,575^a	6,031	1,689	1,804	3,886	4,227	13,182^a	12,292	2,897	3,051	1,829	2,022	15,589	15,012
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	11,876	11,559	3,586	3,792	1,056	1,169	2,530	2,624	8,290	7,767	1,805	1,956	1,128^a	1,313	9,883	9,454
Heavy Alcohol Use	3,074	2,844	973	944	309	350	665	594	2,101	1,900	476	522	275	358	2,525	2,269
Cigarette Use	6,514^a	5,917	2,221	2,263	782	781	1,438	1,482	4,294^a	3,654	1,116	1,112	750	831	5,212^a	4,665
Daily Cigarette Use	2,438^a	2,097	842	794	311	286	531	508	1,596^a	1,303	385	345	265	286	1,979^a	1,715
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.43B – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 18 to 25, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	38.7	39.1	53.2	54.0	59.4	60.7	50.7	51.2	33.5	32.9	55.3	54.5	55.4	57.3	35.9	36.3
Marijuana	34.8	35.4	47.5	49.0	52.4	55.7	45.5	46.3	30.2	29.8	49.2	49.6	49.8	51.5	32.4	32.9
Cocaine	5.8	5.3	9.5	8.8	10.3	10.5	9.2	8.1	4.4	3.8	8.7	8.9	8.3	9.0	5.2	4.6
Crack	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.5	0.9	0.7	0.4	0.4	0.2^a	0.1	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.2	0.1
Heroin	0.5^a	0.3	1.0	0.7	1.5	1.0	0.9	0.5	0.3^a	0.1	1.1	0.8	1.3	1.0	0.4^a	0.2
Hallucinogens	6.9	7.2	11.3	11.8	12.9	13.7	10.7	10.9	5.3	5.3	12.3	12.0	12.1	12.5	5.9	6.3
LSD	3.5	3.6	6.2	6.0	7.4	6.5	5.7	5.8	2.5	2.6	6.7	5.8	6.6	6.3	3.0	3.1
PCP	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	*	0.2	0.0	0.0
Ecstasy	3.1	3.2	5.1	4.8	5.1	4.9	5.1	4.7	2.4	2.6	5.7	4.7	5.1	5.0	2.7	3.0
Inhalants	1.5	1.7	2.5	3.4	2.8	4.3	2.4	3.0	1.1	1.0	2.9	3.9	2.7^a	4.7	1.2	1.2
Methamphetamine	0.8	0.8	1.7	1.5	2.5	1.7	1.4	1.4	0.5	0.5	1.9	1.2	2.4	1.4	0.6	0.8
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	12.3	11.5	21.0^a	18.9	25.5	25.2	19.2^a	16.3	9.2	8.4	22.0	20.7	22.7	23.2	10.7	9.8
Pain Relievers	5.5	5.2	9.5	9.0	12.7	13.4	8.2	7.2	4.0	3.6	10.5	10.2	11.0	12.0	4.5	4.2
Stimulants	6.5	5.8	10.7	9.6	12.1	12.8	10.2	8.3	5.0^a	4.2	11.5	10.1	11.9	11.0	5.7	5.0
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	4.9^a	4.2	9.7^a	7.8	12.7	11.9	8.5^a	6.1	3.1	2.7	9.5	9.6	10.1	11.6	4.1^a	3.2
Tranquilizers	4.6^a	3.9	9.2^a	7.2	11.8	10.5	8.1^a	5.8	3.0	2.5	8.9	8.7	9.5	10.4	3.9^a	3.0
Sedatives	0.6	0.5	1.4	1.2	2.4	2.7	0.9	0.6	0.3	0.2	1.7	1.8	1.7	2.4	0.4	0.3
Benzodiazepines	4.5^a	3.8	8.9^a	7.0	11.5	10.1	7.8^a	5.7	2.9^a	2.4	8.7	8.5	9.3	10.2	3.8^a	2.9
Opioids	5.6	5.3	9.8	9.1	12.9	13.4	8.5	7.3	4.1	3.7	10.7	10.2	11.2	12.0	4.6	4.3
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	17.6	17.2	28.6	27.2	33.6	34.1	26.5	24.4	13.7	13.0	29.6	28.5	30.0	31.2	15.5	15.0
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	55.1	54.3	62.3	60.7	64.5	62.2	61.4	60.1	52.5	51.6	62.8	60.5	61.6	59.3	54.0	53.3
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	34.9	34.3	40.1	38.2	40.3	40.3	40.0	37.3	33.0	32.6	39.2	38.8	38.0	38.5	34.2	33.6
Heavy Alcohol Use	9.0	8.4	10.9	9.5	11.8	12.1	10.5^a	8.5	8.4	8.0	10.3	10.3	9.3	10.5	8.7	8.1
Cigarette Use	19.1^a	17.5	24.8	22.8	29.9	26.9	22.7	21.1	17.1^a	15.4	24.2	22.0	25.3	24.4	18.0^a	16.6
Daily Cigarette Use	7.2^a	6.2	9.4^a	8.0	11.9	9.9	8.4	7.2	6.4^a	5.5	8.3	6.8	8.9	8.4	6.9^a	6.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.44A – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 26 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	35,863^a	39,731	12,735^a	14,641	4,058^a	4,714	8,677^a	9,927	23,128^a	25,090	5,113^a	5,805	3,525^a	4,159	30,235^a	33,562
Marijuana	28,548^a	33,007	9,664^a	11,875	3,047^a	3,611	6,617^a	8,263	18,884^a	21,132	3,995^a	4,696	2,751^a	3,325	24,217^a	28,059
Cocaine	3,451	3,582	1,578	1,649	600	669	978	981	1,872	1,933	643	697	423	501	2,733	2,873
Crack	666	706	359	430	149	268	210	162	307	276	98^a	233	70^a	203	559	473
Heroin	641	658	337	358	168	229	169	129	304	300	111	185	83	147	505	465
Hallucinogens	2,887	3,146	1,397	1,449	568	465	830	985	1,490	1,697	668	618	436	428	2,154	2,492
LSD	928	989	495	474	209	138	286	336	434	515	264	236	179	127	645	735
PCP	45	22	28	5	17	1	11	5	18	16	23	*	23	*	16	21
Ecstasy	1,324	1,306	640	639	258	203	383	436	683	667	290	262	219	171	1,008	1,031
Inhalants	846	822	394	363	145	109	248	254	452	459	225	162	93	99	610	653
Methamphetamine	1,551	1,682	972	1,004	512	484	460	520	578	678	492	412	377	369	1,028	1,248
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	11,484	11,374	5,315	5,468	1,927	2,068	3,388	3,401	6,169	5,906	2,111	2,287	1,482	1,674	9,119	8,957
Pain Relievers	7,395	7,404	3,376	3,503	1,251	1,356	2,125	2,147	4,019	3,900	1,381	1,503	984	1,106	5,848	5,851
Stimulants	2,524	2,548	1,369	1,301	505	514	864	787	1,154	1,247	533	591	363	412	1,949	1,939
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	4,317	4,050	2,332	2,400	885	1,021	1,448	1,379	1,985	1,650	950	1,045	630	808	3,260	2,931
Tranquilizers	3,753	3,516	2,137	2,152	822	967	1,315	1,186	1,616	1,364	887	980	577	753	2,778	2,461
Sedatives	827	841	347	454	138	173	208	281	480	387	131	191	113	141	670	646
Benzodiazepines	3,513	3,194	1,966	1,946	765	876	1,201	1,070	1,547	1,249	784	910	517	707	2,641	2,210
Opioids	7,656	7,723	3,497	3,629	1,319	1,424	2,179	2,205	4,159	4,094	1,420	1,549	1,010	1,141	6,054	6,119
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	15,416	15,936	6,837	7,269	2,434	2,709	4,402	4,560	8,579	8,666	2,699	3,017	1,877	2,207	12,395	12,743
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	118,844	119,058	21,639^a	23,185	4,599^a	5,595	17,039	17,590	97,206	95,873	7,224^a	8,007	4,477^a	5,149	110,618	109,890
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	54,015	53,073	11,304	12,103	2,620^a	3,114	8,685	8,989	42,711	40,971	3,864	4,249	2,321	2,657	49,724	48,251
Heavy Alcohol Use	13,363	12,991	3,253	3,492	854	947	2,399	2,544	10,110	9,499	1,266	1,286	771	749	12,006	11,584
Cigarette Use	39,770	39,396	11,178	11,728	3,454	3,542	7,724	8,187	28,592	27,668	4,289	4,216	3,094	3,036	34,901	34,595
Daily Cigarette Use	24,792	24,624	7,096	7,490	2,436	2,273	4,659	5,216	17,696	17,134	2,799	2,819	2,052	2,048	21,711	21,458
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.44B – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 26 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	16.7^a	18.3	32.9^a	35.2	46.4	46.1	29.0^a	31.7	13.1^a	14.3	39.0	40.6	41.4	42.9	15.2^a	16.8
Marijuana	13.3^a	15.2	25.0^a	28.6	34.8	35.3	22.1^a	26.4	10.7^a	12.1	30.5	32.8	32.3	34.3	12.1^a	14.0
Cocaine	1.6	1.7	4.1	4.0	6.9	6.5	3.3	3.1	1.1	1.1	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.2	1.4	1.4
Crack	0.3	0.3	0.9	1.0	1.7	2.6	0.7	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.7^a	1.6	0.8^a	2.1	0.3	0.2
Heroin	0.3	0.3	0.9	0.9	1.9	2.2	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.8	1.3	1.0	1.5	0.3	0.2
Hallucinogens	1.3	1.5	3.6	3.5	6.5^a	4.5	2.8	3.1	0.8	1.0	5.1	4.3	5.1	4.4	1.1	1.2
LSD	0.4	0.5	1.3	1.1	2.4	1.4	1.0	1.1	0.2	0.3	2.0	1.7	2.1	1.3	0.3	0.4
PCP	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	*	0.3	*	0.0	0.0
Ecstasy	0.6	0.6	1.7	1.5	2.9	2.0	1.3	1.4	0.4	0.4	2.2	1.8	2.6	1.8	0.5	0.5
Inhalants	0.4	0.4	1.0	0.9	1.7	1.1	0.8	0.8	0.3	0.3	1.7	1.1	1.1	1.0	0.3	0.3
Methamphetamine	0.7	0.8	2.5	2.4	5.9	4.7	1.5	1.7	0.3	0.4	3.8	2.9	4.4	3.8	0.5	0.6
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	5.3	5.3	13.7	13.2	22.0	20.2	11.3	10.8	3.5	3.4	16.1	16.0	17.4	17.2	4.6	4.5
Pain Relievers	3.4	3.4	8.7	8.4	14.3	13.3	7.1	6.8	2.3	2.2	10.5	10.5	11.5	11.4	2.9	2.9
Stimulants	1.2	1.2	3.5	3.1	5.8	5.0	2.9	2.5	0.7	0.7	4.1	4.1	4.3	4.2	1.0	1.0
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	2.0	1.9	6.0	5.8	10.1	10.0	4.8	4.4	1.1	0.9	7.2	7.3	7.4	8.3	1.6	1.5
Tranquilizers	1.7	1.6	5.5	5.2	9.4	9.5	4.4	3.8	0.9	0.8	6.8	6.8	6.8	7.8	1.4	1.2
Sedatives	0.4	0.4	0.9	1.1	1.6	1.7	0.7	0.9	0.3	0.2	1.0	1.3	1.3	1.5	0.3	0.3
Benzodiazepines	1.6	1.5	5.1	4.7	8.7	8.6	4.0	3.4	0.9	0.7	6.0	6.4	6.1	7.3	1.3	1.1
Opioids	3.6	3.6	9.0	8.7	15.1	13.9	7.3	7.0	2.4	2.3	10.8	10.8	11.9	11.8	3.0	3.1
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	7.2	7.4	17.7	17.5	27.8	26.5	14.7	14.5	4.9	5.0	20.6	21.1	22.0	22.7	6.2	6.4
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	55.3	55.0	55.9	55.8	52.5	54.8	56.9	56.1	55.2	54.8	55.1	55.9	52.5	53.0	55.5	55.0
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	25.1	24.5	29.2	29.1	29.9	30.5	29.0	28.7	24.2	23.4	29.5	29.7	27.2	27.4	24.9	24.1
Heavy Alcohol Use	6.2	6.0	8.4	8.4	9.8	9.3	8.0	8.1	5.7	5.4	9.7	9.0	9.0	7.7	6.0	5.8
Cigarette Use	18.5	18.2	28.9	28.2	39.4^a	34.7	25.8	26.1	16.2	15.8	32.7^a	29.5	36.3^a	31.3	17.5	17.3
Daily Cigarette Use	11.5	11.4	18.3	18.0	27.8^a	22.3	15.6	16.6	10.0	9.8	21.4	19.7	24.1	21.1	10.9	10.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.45A – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 26 to 49, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	23,942^a	26,092	9,258^a	10,401	2,956^a	3,400	6,302^a	7,001	14,684^a	15,692	3,607^a	4,101	2,483^a	2,871	19,991^a	21,773
Marijuana	19,660^a	22,016	7,307^a	8,513	2,367^a	2,724	4,941^a	5,789	12,352^a	13,504	2,960	3,348	2,019	2,319	16,430^a	18,488
Cocaine	2,823	2,863	1,380	1,444	545	559	835	886	1,443	1,418	609	594	395	423	2,140	2,256
Crack	359	343	221	269	94	171	127	98	138^a	74	69	138	41^a	131	282	205
Heroin	460	474	282	318	147	214	135	103	178	156	101	161	74	141	344	304
Hallucinogens	2,571	2,742	1,273	1,339	521	438	752	901	1,298	1,403	617	560	403	382	1,889	2,156
LSD	881	890	479	471	209	135	270	336	402	419	264	234	179	124	597	639
PCP	42	19	26	5	15	1	11	5	16	13	20	1	20	*	15	18
Ecstasy	1,283	1,261	629	632	258	195	371	436	654	630	290	254	219	163	967	994
Inhalants	617	623	333	292	134	109	199	183	284	331	190	135	93	99	416	481
Methamphetamine	1,149	1,262	753	809	403	437	350	373	396	453	365	354	292	321	753	895
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	7,849	7,601	3,991	3,897	1,402	1,458	2,589	2,439	3,858	3,704	1,480	1,626	1,078	1,154	6,233	5,920
Pain Relievers	4,765	4,797	2,416	2,470	850	953	1,566	1,517	2,348	2,327	883	1,030	674	732	3,769	3,735
Stimulants	2,363	2,247	1,314	1,138	484	465	830	673	1,049	1,109	511	517	341	366	1,821	1,712
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	2,912	2,582	1,718	1,661	691	688	1,027	973	1,195^a	921	682	733	497	522	2,177^a	1,831
Tranquilizers	2,613	2,342	1,567	1,521	647	635	920	885	1,046^a	821	635	671	460	467	1,933	1,653
Sedatives	527	423	287	280	116	129	172	151	239	144	113	147	95	99	398	273
Benzodiazepines	2,466	2,169	1,485	1,401	613	579	871	823	981^a	768	589	635	424	455	1,833^a	1,516
Opioids	4,913	4,971	2,484	2,573	898	1,019	1,586	1,553	2,429	2,398	914	1,066	691	768	3,880	3,869
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	10,751	11,025	5,169	5,416	1,790	1,983	3,378	3,433	5,583	5,609	1,970	2,197	1,394	1,584	8,585	8,747
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	61,713	62,340	14,535^a	16,174	3,449^a	4,278	11,086^a	11,896	47,178	46,166	4,912^a	5,611	3,097^a	3,723	56,247	56,256
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	33,381	33,413	8,220^a	9,051	1,992^a	2,393	6,227	6,658	25,161	24,362	2,752	3,053	1,687	1,985	30,360	30,131
Heavy Alcohol Use	8,072	7,816	2,431	2,530	663	745	1,768	1,785	5,641	5,286	945	902	580	595	7,079	6,873
Cigarette Use	23,603	22,628	7,457	7,686	2,353	2,547	5,104	5,139	16,146^a	14,942	2,795	2,864	2,030	2,095	20,386	19,430
Daily Cigarette Use	13,818	13,106	4,735	4,641	1,599	1,537	3,136	3,103	9,083	8,465	1,771	1,848	1,327	1,367	11,825	11,078
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.45B – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 26 to 49, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	23.7^a	25.8	40.7	41.1	50.1	49.7	37.5	38.0	18.8^a	20.6	45.1	46.0	47.0	47.1	21.8^a	23.8
Marijuana	19.5^a	21.7	32.2	33.7	40.1	39.8	29.4	31.4	15.8^a	17.8	37.1	37.6	38.2	38.0	17.9^a	20.2
Cocaine	2.8	2.8	6.1	5.7	9.2	8.2	5.0	4.8	1.8	1.9	7.6	6.7	7.5	6.9	2.3	2.5
Crack	0.4	0.3	1.0	1.1	1.6	2.5	0.8	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.9	1.5	0.8^a	2.2	0.3	0.2
Heroin	0.5	0.5	1.2	1.3	2.5	3.1	0.8	0.6	0.2	0.2	1.3	1.8	1.4	2.3	0.4	0.3
Hallucinogens	2.5	2.7	5.6	5.3	8.8^a	6.4	4.5	4.9	1.7	1.8	7.7	6.3	7.6	6.3	2.1	2.4
LSD	0.9	0.9	2.1	1.9	3.5	2.0	1.6	1.8	0.5	0.6	3.3	2.6	3.4	2.0	0.7	0.7
PCP	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.4	*	0.0	0.0
Ecstasy	1.3	1.2	2.8	2.5	4.4	2.8	2.2	2.4	0.8	0.8	3.6	2.8	4.1	2.7	1.1	1.1
Inhalants	0.6	0.6	1.5	1.2	2.3	1.6	1.2	1.0	0.4	0.4	2.4	1.5	1.8	1.6	0.5	0.5
Methamphetamine	1.1	1.2	3.3	3.2	6.8	6.4	2.1	2.0	0.5	0.6	4.6	4.0	5.5	5.3	0.8	1.0
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	7.8	7.5	17.6^a	15.4	23.7	21.3	15.4^a	13.2	4.9	4.9	18.5	18.2	20.4	18.9	6.8	6.5
Pain Relievers	4.7	4.7	10.6	9.8	14.4	13.9	9.3	8.2	3.0	3.1	11.1	11.6	12.8	12.0	4.1	4.1
Stimulants	2.3	2.2	5.8^a	4.5	8.2	6.8	4.9^a	3.7	1.3	1.5	6.4	5.8	6.5	6.0	2.0	1.9
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	2.9	2.5	7.6	6.6	11.7	10.0	6.1	5.3	1.5^a	1.2	8.5	8.2	9.4	8.6	2.4^a	2.0
Tranquilizers	2.6	2.3	6.9	6.0	10.9	9.3	5.5	4.8	1.3	1.1	7.9	7.5	8.7	7.7	2.1	1.8
Sedatives	0.5	0.4	1.3	1.1	2.0	1.9	1.0	0.8	0.3	0.2	1.4	1.6	1.8	1.6	0.4	0.3
Benzodiazepines	2.4	2.1	6.5	5.5	10.4	8.4	5.2	4.5	1.3	1.0	7.4	7.1	8.0	7.5	2.0^a	1.7
Opioids	4.9	4.9	10.9	10.2	15.2	14.9	9.4	8.4	3.1	3.2	11.4	12.0	13.1	12.6	4.2	4.2
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	10.7	10.9	22.7	21.4	30.3	29.0	20.1	18.6	7.1	7.4	24.7	24.6	26.4	26.0	9.4	9.6
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	61.1	61.6	64.0	64.0	58.4^a	62.5	65.9	64.5	60.3	60.7	61.5	62.9	58.6	61.0	61.3	61.6
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	33.1	33.0	36.2	35.8	33.7	34.9	37.0	36.1	32.2	32.1	34.4	34.2	31.9	32.5	33.1	33.0
Heavy Alcohol Use	8.0	7.7	10.7	10.0	11.2	10.9	10.5	9.7	7.2	7.0	11.8	10.1	11.0	9.8	7.7	7.5
Cigarette Use	23.4^a	22.3	32.8^a	30.4	39.8	37.2	30.4^a	27.9	20.6	19.7	35.0	32.1	38.4	34.3	22.2	21.3
Daily Cigarette Use	13.7	12.9	20.8^a	18.4	27.1^a	22.5	18.6	16.8	11.6	11.1	22.2	20.7	25.1	22.4	12.9	12.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.46A – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 50 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	11,921^a	13,639	3,477^a	4,240	1,102	1,314	2,375	2,926	8,444	9,399	1,506	1,704	1,042	1,288	10,244^a	11,789
Marijuana	8,889^a	10,990	2,357^a	3,362	681	887	1,676^a	2,475	6,532^a	7,628	1,035	1,348	732	1,006	7,787^a	9,572
Cocaine	628	720	198	205	55	110	143	95	430	515	34	103	28	79	593	617
Crack	307	363	138	161	55	96	83	65	169	202	28	95	28	71	277	268
Heroin	180	184	55	41	21	15	34	26	125	144	10	23	9	6	162	161
Hallucinogens	317	404	124	110	47	26	78	83	192	294	51	59	33	46	264	336
LSD	48	99	16	3	*	3	16	*	32	96	*	3	*	3	48	96
PCP	*	*	2	*	2	*	*	*	*	*	2	*	2	*	*	*
Ecstasy	41	45	11	8	*	8	11	*	30	37	*	8	*	8	41	37
Inhalants	229	199	61	71	11	*	50	71	168	128	35	*	*	*	194	172
Methamphetamine	402	420	219	195	110	48	110	147	182	225	127	58	86	48	275	353
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	3,635	3,773	1,324	1,572	525	610	799	962	2,311	2,201	631	662	404	520	2,887	3,036
Pain Relievers	2,630	2,607	960	1,034	401	403	559	630	1,670	1,573	497	473	310	374	2,078	2,115
Stimulants	160	301	55^a	163	22	50	34	113	105	138	23	74	22	46	128	227
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	1,405	1,468	615	739	194	333	420	406	790	729	268	311	132	286	1,083	1,101
Tranquilizers	1,141	1,174	570	632	176	331	394	300	571	543	253	309	117^a	286	845	808
Sedatives	300	417	59	174	23	44	37	130	241	243	18	44	18	42	271	373
Benzodiazepines	1,047	1,026	481	544	152	297	330	248	565	481	195	275	93^a	251	808	694
Opioids	2,743	2,752	1,013	1,057	420	405	593	652	1,730	1,695	506	483	319	374	2,174	2,250
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	4,665	4,911	1,668	1,853	644	726	1,024	1,127	2,997	3,057	729	821	484	623	3,810	3,996
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	57,131	56,719	7,104	7,012	1,150	1,317	5,953	5,694	50,028	49,707	2,312	2,396	1,380	1,426	54,371	53,634
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	20,634	19,660	3,085	3,052	628	721	2,457	2,330	17,549	16,609	1,112	1,196	634	672	19,364	18,120
Heavy Alcohol Use	5,291	5,174	822	962	191	203	631	759	4,469	4,213	321	385	191	154	4,926	4,711
Cigarette Use	16,166	16,768	3,721	4,042	1,101	995	2,620	3,047	12,445	12,726	1,493	1,352	1,064	941	14,516	15,165
Daily Cigarette Use	10,974	11,518	2,361	2,849	837	736	1,524^a	2,113	8,613	8,669	1,028	971	725	680	9,886	10,379
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.46B – Substance Use in Past Year and Past Month among Persons Aged 50 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
PAST YEAR USE
Illicit Drugs	10.5^a	11.8	21.8^a	26.0	38.7	39.0	18.1^a	22.7	8.6	9.5	29.4	31.6	32.2	35.7	9.5^a	10.9
Marijuana	7.8^a	9.5	14.8^a	20.6	23.9	26.3	12.8^a	19.2	6.7	7.7	20.2	25.0	22.6	27.9	7.2^a	8.8
Cocaine	0.6	0.6	1.2	1.3	1.9	3.3	1.1	0.7	0.4	0.5	0.7	1.9	0.9	2.2	0.5	0.6
Crack	0.3	0.3	0.9	1.0	1.9	2.9	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.6	1.8	0.9	2.0	0.3	0.2
Heroin	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.7	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1
Hallucinogens	0.3	0.3	0.8	0.7	1.6	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.2	0.3	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.3	0.2	0.3
LSD	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	*	0.1	0.1	*	0.0	0.1	*	0.0	*	0.1	0.0	0.1
PCP	*	*	0.0	*	0.1	*	*	*	*	*	0.0	*	0.1	*	*	*
Ecstasy	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	*	0.2	0.1	*	0.0	0.0	*	0.1	*	0.2	0.0	0.0
Inhalants	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.4	*	0.4	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.7	*	*	*	0.2	0.2
Methamphetamine	0.4	0.4	1.4	1.2	3.8	1.4	0.8	1.1	0.2	0.2	2.5	1.1	2.6	1.3	0.3	0.3
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	3.2	3.3	8.3	9.7	18.4	18.1	6.1	7.4	2.4	2.2	12.3	12.3	12.5	14.4	2.7	2.8
Pain Relievers	2.3	2.3	6.0	6.3	14.1	12.0	4.3	4.9	1.7	1.6	9.7	8.8	9.6	10.4	1.9	1.9
Stimulants	0.1	0.3	0.3^a	1.0	0.8	1.5	0.3	0.9	0.1	0.1	0.4	1.4	0.7	1.3	0.1	0.2
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	1.2	1.3	3.8	4.5	6.8	9.9	3.2	3.1	0.8	0.7	5.2	5.8	4.1	7.9	1.0	1.0
Tranquilizers	1.0	1.0	3.6	3.9	6.2	9.8	3.0	2.3	0.6	0.5	4.9	5.7	3.6	7.9	0.8	0.7
Sedatives	0.3	0.4	0.4	1.1	0.8	1.3	0.3	1.0	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.8	0.6	1.2	0.3	0.3
Benzodiazepines	0.9	0.9	3.0	3.3	5.3	8.8	2.5	1.9	0.6	0.5	3.8	5.1	2.9	7.0	0.7	0.6
Opioids	2.4	2.4	6.3	6.5	14.8	12.0	4.5	5.0	1.8	1.7	9.9	8.9	9.9	10.4	2.0	2.1
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	4.1	4.3	10.4	11.4	22.6	21.5	7.8	8.7	3.1	3.1	14.2	15.2	14.9	17.3	3.5	3.7
PAST MONTH USE
Alcohol	50.2	49.2	44.5	43.1	40.4	39.1	45.4	44.1	51.1	50.2	45.1	44.4	42.6	39.6	50.4	49.4
Binge Alcohol Use⁵	18.1	17.1	19.3	18.7	22.0	21.4	18.7	18.0	17.9	16.8	21.7	22.2	19.6	18.6	18.0	16.7
Heavy Alcohol Use	4.6	4.5	5.1	5.9	6.7	6.0	4.8	5.9	4.6	4.3	6.3	7.1	5.9	4.3	4.6	4.3
Cigarette Use	14.2	14.5	23.3	24.8	38.6	29.5	20.0	23.6	12.7	12.9	29.2	25.1	32.9	26.1	13.5	14.0
Daily Cigarette Use	9.6	10.0	14.8	17.5	29.4	21.8	11.6^a	16.4	8.8	8.8	20.1	18.0	22.4	18.9	9.2	9.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ⁵ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.47A – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	248,857	250,316	47,635^a	51,495	11,373^a	13,115	36,262^a	38,379	201,222	198,822	17,720^a	19,357	11,489^a	13,112	228,363	227,964
ILLICIT DRUGS	7,412	7,419	4,361	4,595	1,910	2,002	2,451	2,593	3,051	2,825	2,230	2,223	1,631	1,726	5,058	5,079
Marijuana	3,910	4,136	2,118	2,423	748	868	1,370	1,554	1,791	1,714	1,072	1,099	702	812	2,779	2,955
Cocaine	973	1,006	581	653	322	362	259	291	391	352	317	315	247	257	649	676
Heroin	522	438	333	300	146	187	187	113	189	138	132	188	103	159	372	244
Hallucinogens	235	234	157	124	99	72	58	51	78	110	108	89	86	63	117	138
Inhalants	95	63	62	39	23	18	40	20	33	24	28	7	18	*	67	55
Methamphetamine	1,033	1,029	752	717	440	392	312	324	281	312	427	346	331	301	584	668
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	2,370	2,011	1,637	1,455	820	819	816	636	733	556	833	859	647	731	1,488^a	1,127
Pain Relievers	1,591	1,279	1,061	918	472	537	589^a	381	529	361	462	527	350	453	1,112^a	732
Stimulants	508	492	380	378	219	183	162	195	128	114	240	206	194	164	249	283
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	683	585	554	441	295	298	259^a	143	129	145	337	315	264	282	332	264
Tranquilizers	612	508	518	389	275	266	243^a	123	94	118	314	278	244	245	292	223
Sedatives	100	137	62	106	43	62	20	44	38	31	42	86	39	65	50	47
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	1,920	1,535	1,262	1,069	550	617	713^a	452	658	466	536	603	400	504	1,350^a	907
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	4,163	3,820	2,705	2,560	1,389	1,372	1,316	1,188	1,457	1,260	1,428	1,337	1,111	1,110	2,658	2,427
ALCOHOL	14,418	14,090	6,390	6,370	1,971	2,210	4,420	4,160	8,027	7,720	2,642	2,889	1,728	1,904	11,612	11,073
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	2,487	2,225	1,565	1,428	715	648	850	781	923	796	833	731	634	555	1,613	1,458
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	19,343	19,285	9,187	9,536	3,166	3,564	6,021	5,973	10,156	9,749	4,039	4,381	2,725	3,075	15,056	14,694
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	4,925	5,195	2,797	3,166	1,195	1,354	1,601	1,812	2,129	2,029	1,396	1,492	997	1,171	3,445	3,621
ALCOHOL ONLY	11,930	11,866	4,826	4,942	1,256^a	1,562	3,570	3,380	7,105	6,924	1,809^a	2,158	1,094^a	1,349	9,999	9,615
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	229,515^a	231,031	38,448^a	41,958	8,207^a	9,551	30,241^a	32,407	191,066	189,073	13,681^a	14,976	8,764^a	10,037	213,307	213,270
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.47B – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
ILLICIT DRUGS	3.0	3.0	9.2	8.9	16.8	15.3	6.8	6.8	1.5	1.4	12.6	11.5	14.2	13.2	2.2	2.2
Marijuana	1.6	1.7	4.4	4.7	6.6	6.6	3.8	4.0	0.9	0.9	6.0	5.7	6.1	6.2	1.2	1.3
Cocaine	0.4	0.4	1.2	1.3	2.8	2.8	0.7	0.8	0.2	0.2	1.8	1.6	2.1	2.0	0.3	0.3
Heroin	0.2	0.2	0.7	0.6	1.3	1.4	0.5^a	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.7	1.0	0.9	1.2	0.2	0.1
Hallucinogens	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.9	0.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.6	0.5	0.8	0.5	0.1	0.1
Inhalants	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.2	*	0.0	0.0
Methamphetamine	0.4	0.4	1.6	1.4	3.9	3.0	0.9	0.8	0.1	0.2	2.4	1.8	2.9	2.3	0.3	0.3
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	1.0	0.8	3.4	2.8	7.2	6.2	2.3^a	1.7	0.4	0.3	4.7	4.4	5.6	5.6	0.7^a	0.5
Pain Relievers	0.6	0.5	2.2	1.8	4.2	4.1	1.6^a	1.0	0.3	0.2	2.6	2.7	3.0	3.5	0.5^a	0.3
Stimulants	0.2	0.2	0.8	0.7	1.9	1.4	0.4	0.5	0.1	0.1	1.4	1.1	1.7	1.3	0.1	0.1
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	0.3	0.2	1.2	0.9	2.6	2.3	0.7^a	0.4	0.1	0.1	1.9	1.6	2.3	2.2	0.1	0.1
Tranquilizers	0.2	0.2	1.1^a	0.8	2.4	2.0	0.7^a	0.3	0.0	0.1	1.8	1.4	2.1	1.9	0.1	0.1
Sedatives	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.0	0.0
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	0.8^a	0.6	2.7^a	2.1	4.8	4.7	2.0^a	1.2	0.3	0.2	3.0	3.1	3.5	3.8	0.6^a	0.4
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	1.7	1.5	5.7	5.0	12.2	10.5	3.6	3.1	0.7	0.6	8.1	6.9	9.7	8.5	1.2	1.1
ALCOHOL	5.8	5.6	13.4	12.4	17.3	16.8	12.2^a	10.8	4.0	3.9	14.9	14.9	15.0	14.5	5.1	4.9
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	1.0	0.9	3.3	2.8	6.3	4.9	2.3	2.0	0.5	0.4	4.7	3.8	5.5	4.2	0.7	0.6
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	7.8	7.7	19.3	18.5	27.8	27.2	16.6	15.6	5.0	4.9	22.8	22.6	23.7	23.5	6.6	6.4
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	2.0	2.1	5.9	6.1	10.5	10.3	4.4	4.7	1.1	1.0	7.9	7.7	8.7	8.9	1.5	1.6
ALCOHOL ONLY	4.8	4.7	10.1	9.6	11.0	11.9	9.8	8.8	3.5	3.5	10.2	11.2	9.5	10.3	4.4	4.2
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	92.2	92.3	80.7	81.5	72.2	72.8	83.4	84.4	95.0	95.1	77.2	77.4	76.3	76.5	93.4	93.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.48A – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 to 25, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	34,036	33,732	8,944^a	9,930	2,619^a	2,899	6,326^a	7,031	25,092^a	23,803	4,609^a	5,045	2,968^a	3,407	28,886	28,142
ILLICIT DRUGS	2,599	2,514	1,409	1,532	566	548	843	984	1,190^a	982	810	827	555	629	1,745	1,630
Marijuana	2,003	1,960	1,048	1,183	399	397	649^a	785	955^a	777	585	610	381	442	1,388	1,301
Cocaine	212	250	142	160	67	71	75	89	70	90	78	91	59	72	133	152
Heroin	101	62	74	44	31	23	43	22	28	18	39	33	33	30	60	29
Hallucinogens	138	122	75	83	49	41	26	42	63	39	48	58	39	41	84	63
Inhalants	40	25	25	13	2	4	23	9	15	11	11	1	11	0	29	23
Methamphetamine	134	125	91	82	47	31	45	52	43	43	53	37	43	27	77	86
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	551	448	332	313	190	177	142	136	219^a	135	227	213	172	193	317^a	224
Pain Relievers	248	196	149	149	84	93	65	56	99^a	47	93	101	72	93	154^a	85
Stimulants	185	188	102	128	64	61	38	67	83	60	79	82	62	70	105	104
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	224	161	157	112	89	78	68^a	34	67	49	114	76	93	75	108	83
Tranquilizers	223^a	142	156^a	93	87	67	68^a	26	67	49	112^a	59	92	59	108	80
Sedatives	9	25	7	25	7	17	*	8	3	*	7	22	6	22	3	3
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	312^a	227	195	166	101	98	95	68	116^a	61	118	112	94	100	190^a	105
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	914^a	772	550	506	284	245	266	262	364^a	265	345	312	264	269	551	439
ALCOHOL	3,424^a	3,132	1,564	1,586	530	639	1,033	947	1,861^a	1,546	835	891	561	618	2,520^a	2,183
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	905	875	526	543	217	229	309	314	379	332	308	312	223	232	576	547
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	5,118^a	4,771	2,447	2,575	879	958	1,568	1,617	2,671^a	2,196	1,337	1,407	893	1,014	3,688^a	3,266
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	1,694	1,639	883	989	349	319	534^a	670	811^a	650	502	516	332	397	1,169	1,082
ALCOHOL ONLY	2,519^a	2,257	1,038	1,043	313^a	410	725	633	1,482^a	1,214	527	580	338	386	1,944^a	1,636
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	28,918	28,962	6,498^a	7,355	1,739	1,941	4,758^a	5,414	22,421	21,607	3,271^a	3,638	2,076^a	2,392	25,198	24,877
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.48B – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 to 25, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
ILLICIT DRUGS	7.6	7.5	15.8	15.4	21.6	18.9	13.3	14.0	4.7	4.1	17.6	16.4	18.7	18.5	6.0	5.8
Marijuana	5.9	5.8	11.7	11.9	15.3	13.7	10.3	11.2	3.8	3.3	12.7	12.1	12.8	13.0	4.8	4.6
Cocaine	0.6	0.7	1.6	1.6	2.6	2.5	1.2	1.3	0.3	0.4	1.7	1.8	2.0	2.1	0.5	0.5
Heroin	0.3	0.2	0.8	0.4	1.2	0.8	0.7	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.8	0.7	1.1	0.9	0.2	0.1
Hallucinogens	0.4	0.4	0.8	0.8	1.9	1.4	0.4	0.6	0.3	0.2	1.0	1.2	1.3	1.2	0.3	0.2
Inhalants	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.4	0.0	0.1	0.1
Methamphetamine	0.4	0.4	1.0	0.8	1.8	1.1	0.7	0.7	0.2	0.2	1.2	0.7	1.4	0.8	0.3	0.3
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	1.6	1.3	3.7	3.2	7.3	6.1	2.2	1.9	0.9^a	0.6	4.9	4.2	5.8	5.7	1.1^a	0.8
Pain Relievers	0.7	0.6	1.7	1.5	3.2	3.2	1.0	0.8	0.4^a	0.2	2.0	2.0	2.4	2.7	0.5^a	0.3
Stimulants	0.5	0.6	1.1	1.3	2.4	2.1	0.6	1.0	0.3	0.3	1.7	1.6	2.1	2.1	0.4	0.4
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	0.7	0.5	1.8^a	1.1	3.4	2.7	1.1^a	0.5	0.3	0.2	2.5	1.5	3.1	2.2	0.4	0.3
Tranquilizers	0.7^a	0.4	1.7^a	0.9	3.3	2.3	1.1^a	0.4	0.3	0.2	2.4^a	1.2	3.1^a	1.7	0.4	0.3
Sedatives	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.6	*	0.1	0.0	*	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.7	0.0	0.0
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	0.9^a	0.7	2.2	1.7	3.8	3.4	1.5	1.0	0.5^a	0.3	2.6	2.2	3.2	2.9	0.7^a	0.4
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	2.7	2.3	6.1	5.1	10.8	8.4	4.2	3.7	1.5	1.1	7.5	6.2	8.9	7.9	1.9	1.6
ALCOHOL	10.1	9.3	17.5	16.0	20.2	22.0	16.3^a	13.5	7.4^a	6.5	18.1	17.7	18.9	18.1	8.7^a	7.8
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	2.7	2.6	5.9	5.5	8.3	7.9	4.9	4.5	1.5	1.4	6.7	6.2	7.5	6.8	2.0	1.9
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	15.0	14.1	27.4	25.9	33.6	33.0	24.8	23.0	10.6^a	9.2	29.0	27.9	30.1	29.8	12.8^a	11.6
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	5.0	4.9	9.9	10.0	13.3	11.0	8.4	9.5	3.2	2.7	10.9	10.2	11.2	11.6	4.0	3.8
ALCOHOL ONLY	7.4^a	6.7	11.6	10.5	12.0	14.1	11.5^a	9.0	5.9^a	5.1	11.4	11.5	11.4	11.3	6.7^a	5.8
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	85.0	85.9	72.6	74.1	66.4	67.0	75.2	77.0	89.4^a	90.8	71.0	72.1	69.9	70.2	87.2^a	88.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.49A – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 26 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	214,821	216,584	38,691^a	41,565	8,755^a	10,216	29,936	31,349	176,131	175,019	13,111^a	14,312	8,520^a	9,705	199,477	199,821
ILLICIT DRUGS	4,814	4,905	2,952	3,062	1,344	1,454	1,608	1,609	1,861	1,843	1,420	1,396	1,076	1,098	3,313	3,449
Marijuana	1,907	2,176	1,070	1,240	349	471	721	769	837	937	487	489	322	370	1,391	1,655
Cocaine	760	756	439	493	255	291	184	202	321	262	239	224	188	185	516	524
Heroin	421	376	259	256	115	164	144	92	161	120	93	155	70	129	312	215
Hallucinogens	97	112	82	41	50	32	32	9	15^a	71	60	30	47	21	32	75
Inhalants	55	38	37	25	21	14	17	12	18	13	17	6	8	*	38	32
Methamphetamine	899	904	661	634	393	362	268	273	238	269	374	309	289	273	507	582
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	1,819	1,563	1,305	1,142	630	642	674	500	514	421	606	646	475	539	1,171	904
Pain Relievers	1,343	1,083	913	768	388	444	525^a	324	430	315	369	426	277	360	959^a	647
Stimulants	323	303	279	250	155	122	124	128	44	53	161	124	132	94	145	179
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	458	424	397	329	206	220	191	109	62	96	224	239	171	207	224	181
Tranquilizers	390	366	363	297	188	200	175	97	27	69	202	219	152	186	184	143
Sedatives	91	111	56	81	36	44	20	37	35	31	36	63	34	42	48	44
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	1,608	1,309	1,067	903	449	520	618^a	384	541	405	418	491	306	403	1,159^a	802
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	3,248	3,048	2,155	2,053	1,105	1,127	1,050	926	1,093	995	1,083	1,025	847	842	2,107	1,988
ALCOHOL	10,994	10,959	4,827	4,784	1,440	1,571	3,386	3,214	6,167	6,174	1,807	1,998	1,167	1,287	9,092	8,890
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	1,582	1,350	1,039	885	498	419	541	467	544	464	526	419	411	323	1,038	911
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	14,225	14,514	6,740	6,961	2,287	2,606	4,453	4,356	7,485	7,553	2,701	2,974	1,832	2,061	11,368	11,428
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	3,231	3,556	1,913	2,177	846	1,035	1,067	1,142	1,318	1,379	894	976	665	774	2,276	2,538
ALCOHOL ONLY	9,411	9,609	3,788	3,899	943	1,152	2,845	2,747	5,623	5,710	1,282	1,579	756	963	8,055	7,979
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	200,596^a	202,069	31,951^a	34,603	6,468^a	7,610	25,483	26,993	168,646	167,466	10,410^a	11,338	6,688^a	7,644	188,109	188,393
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.49B – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 26 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
ILLICIT DRUGS	2.2	2.3	7.6	7.4	15.4	14.2	5.4	5.1	1.1	1.1	10.8	9.8	12.6	11.3	1.7	1.7
Marijuana	0.9	1.0	2.8	3.0	4.0	4.6	2.4	2.5	0.5	0.5	3.7	3.4	3.8	3.8	0.7	0.8
Cocaine	0.4	0.3	1.1	1.2	2.9	2.8	0.6	0.6	0.2	0.1	1.8	1.6	2.2	1.9	0.3	0.3
Heroin	0.2	0.2	0.7	0.6	1.3	1.6	0.5	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.7	1.1	0.8	1.3	0.2	0.1
Hallucinogens	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.6	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0^a	0.0	0.5	0.2	0.6	0.2	0.0	0.0
Inhalants	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	*	0.0	0.0
Methamphetamine	0.4	0.4	1.7	1.5	4.5	3.5	0.9	0.9	0.1	0.2	2.9	2.2	3.4	2.8	0.3	0.3
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	0.8	0.7	3.4	2.7	7.2	6.3	2.3	1.6	0.3	0.2	4.6	4.5	5.6	5.5	0.6	0.5
Pain Relievers	0.6	0.5	2.4	1.8	4.4	4.4	1.8^a	1.0	0.2	0.2	2.8	3.0	3.3	3.7	0.5^a	0.3
Stimulants	0.2	0.1	0.7	0.6	1.8	1.2	0.4	0.4	0.0	0.0	1.2	0.9	1.5	1.0	0.1	0.1
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	0.2	0.2	1.0	0.8	2.3	2.2	0.6	0.3	0.0	0.1	1.7	1.7	2.0	2.1	0.1	0.1
Tranquilizers	0.2	0.2	0.9	0.7	2.1	2.0	0.6	0.3	0.0	0.0	1.5	1.5	1.8	1.9	0.1	0.1
Sedatives	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.0	0.0
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	0.7	0.6	2.8	2.2	5.1	5.1	2.1^a	1.2	0.3	0.2	3.2	3.4	3.6	4.2	0.6^a	0.4
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	1.5	1.4	5.6	4.9	12.6	11.0	3.5	3.0	0.6	0.6	8.3	7.2	9.9	8.7	1.1	1.0
ALCOHOL	5.1	5.1	12.5	11.5	16.5	15.4	11.3	10.3	3.5	3.5	13.8	14.0	13.7	13.3	4.6	4.4
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	0.7	0.6	2.7	2.1	5.7	4.1	1.8	1.5	0.3	0.3	4.0	2.9	4.8	3.3	0.5	0.5
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	6.6	6.7	17.4	16.7	26.1	25.5	14.9	13.9	4.2	4.3	20.6	20.8	21.5	21.2	5.7	5.7
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	1.5	1.6	4.9	5.2	9.7	10.1	3.6	3.6	0.7	0.8	6.8	6.8	7.8	8.0	1.1	1.3
ALCOHOL ONLY	4.4	4.4	9.8	9.4	10.8	11.3	9.5	8.8	3.2	3.3	9.8	11.0	8.9	9.9	4.0	4.0
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	93.4	93.3	82.6	83.3	73.9	74.5	85.1	86.1	95.8	95.7	79.4	79.2	78.5	78.8	94.3	94.3
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.50A – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 26 to 49, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	100,939	101,283	22,721^a	25,279	5,907^a	6,847	16,815^a	18,432	78,218	76,004	7,990^a	8,914	5,284^a	6,101	91,692	91,299
ILLICIT DRUGS	3,570	3,736	2,329	2,418	1,019	1,121	1,310	1,297	1,241	1,319	1,087	1,077	833	823	2,422	2,607
Marijuana	1,550	1,792	941	1,062	345	409	596	653	609	729	439	411	306	302	1,087^a	1,357
Cocaine	591	563	361	382	201	235	161	146	230	181	205	181	160	160	381	374
Heroin	280	328	224	223	106	157	117	66	57	105	84	140	61	129	188	183
Hallucinogens	95	104	80	33	48	24	32	9	15^a	71	58	22	45	14	32	75
Inhalants	45	25	28	25	11	14	17	12	18	*	8	6	8	*	38	19
Methamphetamine	712	763	511	539	293	320	218	219	200	224	251	260	206	234	443	491
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	1,216	1,116	936	865	443	470	494	395	279	251	410	493	345	396	771	610
Pain Relievers	838	723	610	556	245	310	365	246	228	167	218	310	192	255	605^a	403
Stimulants	281	271	239	217	133	110	106	107	42	53	140	112	110	83	125	158
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	275	337	246	277	142	192	104	86	28	60	130	211	112	178	142	122
Tranquilizers	241	313	215	254	127	171	88	82	26	59	111	191	95	158	127	118
Sedatives	53	75	51	70	31	42	20	28	*	5	31	61	29	40	22	10
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	1,005	905	731	662	297	379	434^a	283	274	243	258	360	212	298	723^a	530
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	2,287	2,243	1,602	1,571	781	845	822	726	685	672	762	777	616	627	1,482	1,431
ALCOHOL	7,387	7,063	3,547	3,544	1,096	1,235	2,451	2,309	3,840	3,518	1,326	1,440	868	1,001	5,983	5,590
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	1,219	1,027	856	744	389	358	467	387	363	283	443	353	333	282	764	655
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	9,738	9,772	5,020	5,218	1,726	1,998	3,294	3,219	4,718	4,554	1,970	2,164	1,368	1,541	7,642	7,542
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	2,351	2,709	1,473	1,673	630	763	843	910	878	1,036	643	725	500	541	1,659	1,952
ALCOHOL ONLY	6,168	6,036	2,691	2,800	707	877	1,984	1,923	3,477	3,236	883	1,087	535^a	718	5,220	4,935
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	91,201	91,511	17,701^a	20,061	4,180^a	4,849	13,521^a	15,213	73,500	71,449	6,020^a	6,749	3,916^a	4,560	84,050	83,756
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.50B – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 26 to 49, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
ILLICIT DRUGS	3.5	3.7	10.3	9.6	17.3	16.4	7.8	7.0	1.6	1.7	13.6	12.1	15.8	13.5	2.6	2.9
Marijuana	1.5	1.8	4.1	4.2	5.8	6.0	3.5	3.5	0.8	1.0	5.5	4.6	5.8	4.9	1.2^a	1.5
Cocaine	0.6	0.6	1.6	1.5	3.4	3.4	1.0	0.8	0.3	0.2	2.6	2.0	3.0	2.6	0.4	0.4
Heroin	0.3	0.3	1.0	0.9	1.8	2.3	0.7	0.4	0.1	0.1	1.0	1.6	1.2	2.1	0.2	0.2
Hallucinogens	0.1	0.1	0.4^a	0.1	0.8	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0^a	0.1	0.7	0.3	0.9^a	0.2	0.0	0.1
Inhalants	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	*	0.1	0.1	0.1	*	0.0	0.0
Methamphetamine	0.7	0.8	2.3	2.1	5.0	4.7	1.3	1.2	0.3	0.3	3.1	2.9	3.9	3.8	0.5	0.5
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	1.2	1.1	4.1	3.4	7.5	6.9	2.9	2.1	0.4	0.3	5.1	5.5	6.5	6.5	0.8	0.7
Pain Relievers	0.8	0.7	2.7	2.2	4.2	4.5	2.2^a	1.3	0.3	0.2	2.7	3.5	3.6	4.2	0.7^a	0.4
Stimulants	0.3	0.3	1.1	0.9	2.3	1.6	0.6	0.6	0.1	0.1	1.7	1.3	2.1	1.4	0.1	0.2
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	0.3	0.3	1.1	1.1	2.4	2.8	0.6	0.5	0.0	0.1	1.6	2.4	2.1	2.9	0.2	0.1
Tranquilizers	0.2	0.3	0.9	1.0	2.2	2.5	0.5	0.4	0.0	0.1	1.4	2.1	1.8	2.6	0.1	0.1
Sedatives	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.6	0.1	0.2	*	0.0	0.4	0.7	0.5	0.7	0.0	0.0
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	1.0	0.9	3.2	2.6	5.0	5.5	2.6^a	1.5	0.3	0.3	3.2	4.0	4.0	4.9	0.8^a	0.6
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	2.3	2.2	7.1	6.2	13.2	12.3	4.9	3.9	0.9	0.9	9.5	8.7	11.7	10.3	1.6	1.6
ALCOHOL	7.3	7.0	15.6	14.0	18.6	18.0	14.6^a	12.5	4.9	4.6	16.6	16.2	16.4	16.4	6.5	6.1
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	1.2	1.0	3.8	2.9	6.6	5.2	2.8	2.1	0.5	0.4	5.6	4.0	6.3	4.6	0.8	0.7
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	9.6	9.6	22.1	20.6	29.2	29.2	19.6	17.5	6.0	6.0	24.7	24.3	25.9	25.3	8.3	8.3
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	2.3	2.7	6.5	6.6	10.7	11.1	5.0	4.9	1.1	1.4	8.0	8.1	9.5	8.9	1.8	2.1
ALCOHOL ONLY	6.1	6.0	11.8	11.1	12.0	12.8	11.8	10.4	4.4	4.3	11.1	12.2	10.1	11.8	5.7	5.4
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	90.4	90.4	77.9	79.4	70.8	70.8	80.4	82.5	94.0	94.0	75.3	75.7	74.1	74.7	91.7	91.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.51A – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 50 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	113,882	115,301	15,969	16,286	2,848	3,369	13,121	12,917	97,913	99,015	5,121	5,399	3,236	3,604	107,785	108,523
ILLICIT DRUGS	1,243	1,169	623	645	325	333	298	312	621	524	333	318	243	275	891	842
Marijuana	357	385	129	177	4^a	62	125	116	227	207	48	78	16	68	305	298
Cocaine	169	193	78	111	55	56	23	56	91	81	34	42	28	25	135	150
Heroin	140	47	36	32	9	7	27	26	105	15	9	15	9	*	124	32
Hallucinogens	*	8	2	8	2	8	*	*	*	*	2	8	2	8	*	*
Inhalants	10	13	10	*	*	*	*	*	*	13	10	*	*	*	*	13
Methamphetamine	187	141	150	96	100	42	50	54	37	45	123	50	83	40	64	91
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	603	447	368	277	188	171	181	105	235	171	196	153	130	142	399	294
Pain Relievers	505	360	302	212	142	134	160	78	203	148	151	116	85	105	354	244
Stimulants	42	33	40	33	22	*	18	21	*	*	22	12	22	12	20	21
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	183	87	150	51	63	28	87	23	33	36	94	28	59	28	82	59
Tranquilizers	148	53	148	43	61	28	87	15	*	10	91	28	56	28	57	25
Sedatives	38	37	5	11	5	3	*	8	33	26	5	3	5	3	26	34
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	604	404	336	241	152	140	184	100	268	163	160	131	94	105	437	272
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	961	805	553	482	325	282	229	200	408	323	321	248	231	215	625	557
ALCOHOL	3,607	3,896	1,280	1,240	344	335	936	904	2,327	2,656	481	558	299	286	3,109	3,300
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	364	322	183	141	109	61	74	80	181	181	82	66	78	41	274	256
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	4,486	4,742	1,720	1,744	560	607	1,159	1,136	2,767	2,999	732	810	464	520	3,726	3,886
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	880	847	440	504	216	272	224	232	440	343	251	252	165	234	617	586
ALCOHOL ONLY	3,243	3,573	1,097	1,099	236	275	861	824	2,146	2,474	399	492	221	245	2,835	3,044
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	109,396^a	110,559	14,250	14,542	2,288	2,762	11,962	11,780	95,146	96,017	4,390	4,589	2,773	3,085	104,059	104,637
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200408

Table 8.51B – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 50 or Older, by Past Year Level of Mental Illness and Past Year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and MDE with Severe Impairment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Total (2018)	Total (2019)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2018)	Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness¹ (2019)	No Mental Illness¹ (2018)	No Mental Illness¹ (2019)	MDE² (2018)	MDE² (2019)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2018)	MDE with Severe Impairment^2,3 (2019)	No MDE² (2018)	No MDE² (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
ILLICIT DRUGS	1.1	1.0	3.9	4.0	11.4	9.9	2.3	2.4	0.6	0.5	6.5	5.9	7.5	7.6	0.8	0.8
Marijuana	0.3	0.3	0.8	1.1	0.1^a	1.8	1.0	0.9	0.2	0.2	0.9	1.4	0.5	1.9	0.3	0.3
Cocaine	0.1	0.2	0.5	0.7	1.9	1.7	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.1	0.1
Heroin	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.3	0.3	*	0.1	0.0
Hallucinogens	*	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	*	*	*	*	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	*	*
Inhalants	0.0	0.0	0.1	*	*	*	*	*	*	0.0	0.2	*	*	*	*	0.0
Methamphetamine	0.2	0.1	0.9	0.6	3.5	1.2	0.4	0.4	0.0	0.0	2.4	0.9	2.6	1.1	0.1	0.1
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	0.5	0.4	2.3	1.7	6.6	5.1	1.4	0.8	0.2	0.2	3.8	2.8	4.0	3.9	0.4	0.3
Pain Relievers	0.4	0.3	1.9	1.3	5.0	4.0	1.2	0.6	0.2	0.1	2.9	2.2	2.6	2.9	0.3	0.2
Stimulants	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.8	*	0.1	0.2	*	*	0.4	0.2	0.7	0.3	0.0	0.0
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	0.2	0.1	0.9	0.3	2.2	0.8	0.7	0.2	0.0	0.0	1.8	0.5	1.8	0.8	0.1	0.1
Tranquilizers	0.1	0.0	0.9	0.3	2.1	0.8	0.7	0.1	*	0.0	1.8	0.5	1.7	0.8	0.1	0.0
Sedatives	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1	*	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	0.5	0.4	2.1	1.5	5.3	4.2	1.4	0.8	0.3	0.2	3.1	2.4	2.9	2.9	0.4	0.3
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana⁴	0.8	0.7	3.5	3.0	11.4	8.4	1.7	1.5	0.4	0.3	6.3	4.6	7.1	6.0	0.6	0.5
ALCOHOL	3.2	3.4	8.0	7.6	12.1	10.0	7.1	7.0	2.4	2.7	9.4	10.3	9.2	7.9	2.9	3.0
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	0.3	0.3	1.1	0.9	3.8	1.8	0.6	0.6	0.2	0.2	1.6	1.2	2.4	1.1	0.3	0.2
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	3.9	4.1	10.8	10.7	19.7	18.0	8.8	8.8	2.8	3.0	14.3	15.0	14.3	14.4	3.5	3.6
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	0.8	0.7	2.8	3.1	7.6	8.1	1.7	1.8	0.4	0.3	4.9	4.7	5.1	6.5	0.6	0.5
ALCOHOL ONLY	2.8	3.1	6.9	6.7	8.3	8.2	6.6	6.4	2.2	2.5	7.8	9.1	6.8	6.8	2.6	2.8
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	96.1	95.9	89.2	89.3	80.3	82.0	91.2	91.2	97.2	97.0	85.7	85.0	85.7	85.6	96.5	96.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ² Respondents with unknown past year MDE information were excluded. ³ Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ⁴ Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.52A – Types of Professionals Seen among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode in Past Year Who Saw or Talked to a Professional about Depression in Past Year, by Age Group: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Type of Professional¹	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	10,604^a	11,945	2,126^a	2,383	8,477^a	9,562	4,715^a	5,763	3,762	3,798
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL	10,232^a	11,511	2,045^a	2,304	8,187^a	9,207	4,595^a	5,517	3,592	3,690
General Practitioner or Family Doctor	6,209^a	6,949	943	1,093	5,266	5,856	2,716^a	3,343	2,550	2,512
Other Medical Doctor²	1,112	1,264	174	232	938	1,032	454^a	617	483	414
Psychologist	3,384	3,626	790	890	2,594	2,736	1,507	1,788	1,087	948
Psychiatrist or Psychotherapist	3,821	4,086	814	886	3,007	3,201	1,804	1,929	1,203	1,272
Social Worker	1,273	1,344	232	264	1,040	1,080	561	741	479	339
Counselor	3,175^a	3,632	844^a	999	2,332	2,633	1,438^a	1,943	894	691
Other Mental Health Professional³	1,054	1,231	211	250	842	981	554	629	289	352
Nurse, Occupational Therapist, or Other Health Professional	868	951	189	211	679	740	334	436	345	304
ALTERNATIVE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL	1,930	1,994	296	339	1,634	1,655	761^a	1,032	873	623
Religious or Spiritual Advisor	1,493	1,512	235	267	1,258	1,245	528^a	767	730	478
Herbalist, Chiropractor, Acupuncturist, or Massage Therapist	669	693	78	94	591	599	332	352	259	247
OTHER PROFESSIONAL⁴	108	114	28	23	80	91	38	62	42	29
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple types of professionals; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown type of professional data were excluded from the estimates for each specific type of professional but were included in the Total row. ² Other Medical Doctor includes cardiologists, gynecologists, urologists, and other medical doctors that are not general practitioners or family doctors. ³ Other Mental Health Professional includes mental health nurses and other therapists where type is not specified. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on other types of professionals seen for depression were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200324

Table 8.52B – Types of Professionals Seen among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode in Past Year Who Saw or Talked to a Professional about Depression in Past Year, by Age Group: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Type of Professional¹	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL	96.8	96.5	96.2	96.9	96.9	96.4	97.8^a	96.0	95.8	97.2
General Practitioner or Family Doctor	58.7	58.3	44.4	46.0	62.4	61.3	57.8	58.2	68.0	66.1
Other Medical Doctor²	10.5	10.6	8.2	9.8	11.1	10.8	9.7	10.7	12.9	10.9
Psychologist	32.0	30.4	37.2	37.5	30.7	28.7	32.1	31.1	29.0	25.0
Psychiatrist or Psychotherapist	36.2	34.3	38.3	37.3	35.6	33.5	38.4	33.6	32.1	33.5
Social Worker	12.0	11.3	10.9	11.1	12.3	11.3	12.0	12.9	12.8	8.9
Counselor	30.0	30.5	39.7	42.0	27.6	27.6	30.6	33.8	23.8	18.2
Other Mental Health Professional³	10.0	10.3	9.9	10.5	10.0	10.3	11.8	10.9	7.7	9.3
Nurse, Occupational Therapist, or Other Health Professional	8.2	8.0	8.9	8.9	8.0	7.8	7.1	7.6	9.2	8.0
ALTERNATIVE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL	18.3	16.7	13.9	14.3	19.4	17.3	16.2	18.0	23.3^a	16.4
Religious or Spiritual Advisor	14.1	12.7	11.1	11.2	14.9	13.0	11.2	13.3	19.5^a	12.6
Herbalist, Chiropractor, Acupuncturist, or Massage Therapist	6.3	5.8	3.7	3.9	7.0	6.3	7.1	6.1	6.9	6.5
OTHER PROFESSIONAL⁴	1.0	1.0	1.3	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.8	1.1	1.1	0.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple types of professionals; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown type of professional data were excluded from the estimates for each specific type of professional but were included in the Total row. ² Other Medical Doctor includes cardiologists, gynecologists, urologists, and other medical doctors that are not general practitioners or family doctors. ³ Other Mental Health Professional includes mental health nurses and other therapists where type is not specified. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on other types of professionals seen for depression were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200325

Table 8.53A – Types of Professionals Seen among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode with Severe Impairment in Past Year Who Saw or Talked to a Professional about Depression in Past Year, by Age Group: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Type of Professional¹	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	7,332^a	8,808	1,480^a	1,789	5,852^a	7,019	3,319^a	4,263	2,533	2,756
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL	7,105^a	8,544	1,423^a	1,742	5,682^a	6,802	3,237^a	4,121	2,445	2,681
General Practitioner or Family Doctor	4,478^a	5,159	704^a	868	3,774	4,292	1,939^a	2,503	1,835	1,788
Other Medical Doctor²	775	983	131	193	645	790	345	459	300	330
Psychologist	2,546	2,886	609	674	1,937	2,211	1,139^a	1,419	798	793
Psychiatrist or Psychotherapist	2,970	3,291	600	678	2,370	2,613	1,416	1,502	954	1,111
Social Worker	984	1,168	166	220	818	948	461^a	645	358	303
Counselor	2,355^a	2,834	616^a	777	1,738	2,057	1,096^a	1,576	642	481
Other Mental Health Professional³	873	1,019	164	197	708	822	478	513	230	309
Nurse, Occupational Therapist, or Other Health Professional	678	812	142	185	536	627	286	362	250	265
ALTERNATIVE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL	1,316	1,560	196	234	1,120	1,326	563^a	799	557	527
Religious or Spiritual Advisor	1,016	1,163	151	175	865	988	385^a	587	480	401
Herbalist, Chiropractor, Acupuncturist, or Massage Therapist	460	572	60	79	400	492	250	298	151	194
OTHER PROFESSIONAL⁴	89	98	17	22	72	76	34	47	38	29
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. NOTE: Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple types of professionals; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown type of professional data were excluded from the estimates for each specific type of professional but were included in the Total row. ² Other Medical Doctor includes cardiologists, gynecologists, urologists, and other medical doctors that are not general practitioners or family doctors. ³ Other Mental Health Professional includes mental health nurses and other therapists where type is not specified. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on other types of professionals seen for depression were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200325

Table 8.53B – Types of Professionals Seen among Persons Aged 18 or Older with Major Depressive Episode with Severe Impairment in Past Year Who Saw or Talked to a Professional about Depression in Past Year, by Age Group: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Type of Professional¹	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL	97.2	97.0	96.2	97.5	97.4	96.9	98.1	96.7	96.6	97.3
General Practitioner or Family Doctor	61.2	58.6	47.5	48.5	64.7	61.2	58.8	58.7	72.5	64.9
Other Medical Doctor²	10.6	11.2	8.8	10.8	11.1	11.3	10.4	10.8	11.8	12.0
Psychologist	34.8	32.8	41.1	37.7	33.2	31.5	34.5	33.3	31.5	28.8
Psychiatrist or Psychotherapist	40.6	37.4	40.6	37.9	40.6	37.2	42.9^a	35.2	37.7	40.3
Social Worker	13.5	13.3	11.2	12.3	14.0	13.5	14.0	15.1	14.1	11.0
Counselor	32.2	32.2	41.6	43.5	29.8	29.3	33.2	37.0	25.4	17.4
Other Mental Health Professional³	11.9	11.6	11.1	11.0	12.1	11.7	14.5	12.0	9.1	11.2
Nurse, Occupational Therapist, or Other Health Professional	9.3	9.2	9.6	10.4	9.2	8.9	8.7	8.5	9.9	9.6
ALTERNATIVE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL	18.0	17.7	13.3	13.1	19.2	18.9	17.1	18.8	22.0	19.1
Religious or Spiritual Advisor	13.9	13.2	10.2	9.8	14.8	14.1	11.7	13.8	19.0	14.5
Herbalist, Chiropractor, Acupuncturist, or Massage Therapist	6.3	6.5	4.0	4.4	6.9	7.0	7.6	7.0	6.0	7.0
OTHER PROFESSIONAL⁴	1.3	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.3	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.5	1.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. NOTE: Respondents with unknown impairment data were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple types of professionals; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. Respondents with unknown type of professional data were excluded from the estimates for each specific type of professional but were included in the Total row. ² Other Medical Doctor includes cardiologists, gynecologists, urologists, and other medical doctors that are not general practitioners or family doctors. ³ Other Mental Health Professional includes mental health nurses and other therapists where type is not specified. ⁴ Respondents with unknown or invalid responses to the other-specify question on other types of professionals seen for depression were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.54A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	10,744^a	11,951	3,709	3,926	7,035^a	8,025	4,657^a	5,331	2,379	2,693
GENDER
Male	4,885	5,341	1,621	1,638	3,265	3,703	2,247	2,387	1,017	1,316
Female	5,859^a	6,610	2,088	2,288	3,771^a	4,322	2,409^a	2,944	1,361	1,378
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	9,248	9,904	3,059	3,172	6,189	6,732	3,995	4,321	2,195	2,411
White	7,206	7,818	2,244	2,346	4,962	5,472	3,148	3,356	1,813	2,116
Black or African American	1,199	1,173	439	456	760	717	474	549	286	168
AIAN	87	70	33	24	54	46	35	25	*	*
NHOPI	33	22	*	*	25	8	*	5	*	*
Asian	405	522	189	186	216	336	209	253	7	83
Two or More Races	319	298	146	145	173	153	107	134	66	*
Hispanic or Latino	1,496^a	2,046	650	754	846^a	1,292	662^a	1,010	184	282
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	4,687^a	5,423	1,524	1,602	3,164^a	3,821	2,468^a	3,124	696	696
Part-Time	1,878	2,173	995	1,154	883	1,019	639	646	244	374
Unemployed	923	966	399	394	524	572	418	448	106	124
Other¹	3,256	3,388	791	776	2,465	2,612	1,132	1,113	1,332	1,499
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.54B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	4.3^a	4.8	11.0	11.8	3.3^a	3.7	4.7^a	5.3	2.1	2.4
GENDER
Male	4.1	4.5	9.6	9.8	3.2	3.6	4.6	4.8	1.9	2.5
Female	4.6^a	5.1	12.4^a	13.7	3.4^a	3.9	4.7^a	5.8	2.3	2.3
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	4.5	4.8	11.7	12.3	3.4	3.7	5.0	5.4	2.2	2.4
White	4.6	5.0	12.4	13.1	3.6	3.9	5.5	5.9	2.2	2.6
Black or African American	4.1	4.0	9.5	10.0	3.1	2.9	3.7	4.3	2.4	1.4
AIAN	5.8	5.1	15.1	11.4	4.2	4.0	5.8	5.0	*	*
NHOPI	3.6	2.3	*	*	3.4	0.9	*	0.9	*	*
Asian	2.9	3.6	8.4	9.1	1.8	2.7	2.8	3.5	0.2	1.6
Two or More Races	7.4	6.9	19.7	15.9	4.8	4.5	7.2	6.9	3.2	*
Hispanic or Latino	3.7^a	5.0	8.6	10.0	2.6^a	3.9	3.3^a	4.9	1.5	2.2
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	3.8^a	4.4	10.6	11.3	2.9^a	3.5	3.7^a	4.5	1.7	1.7
Part-Time	5.9	6.7	11.5^a	14.0	3.8	4.2	5.9	6.1	1.9	2.8
Unemployed	9.3	9.8	13.1	12.1	7.7	8.7	9.0	10.6	4.8	5.2
Other¹	4.0	4.1	10.4	10.2	3.3	3.5	6.6	6.5	2.3	2.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.55A – Made Any Suicide Plans in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	3,312	3,455	1,160	1,313	2,153	2,142	1,450	1,466	702	676
GENDER
Male	1,528	1,373	472	500	1,056	873	703	625	353	247
Female	1,784	2,082	688	812	1,097	1,269	747	841	349	429
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	2,846	2,835	936	1,068	1,910	1,767	1,257	1,202	653	564
White	2,094	2,180	644	753	1,450	1,427	971	935	480	492
Black or African American	468	367	166	168	302	199	167	153	135	46
AIAN	26	16	15	10	11	6	11	5	*	1
NHOPI	11	11	*	*	8	7	*	4	*	*
Asian	117	155	50	74	67	80	67	60	*	*
Two or More Races	131	107	59	59	72	48	37	46	35	2
Hispanic or Latino	466	620	224	245	242	375	193	263	49	112
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	1,336	1,320	486	500	850	819	635	717	215	102
Part-Time	558	737	287^a	397	270	340	178	201	92	139
Unemployed	333	371	155	140	178	231	136	170	42	61
Other¹	1,086	1,028	232	276	854	752	501	379	353	373
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans in the past 12 months. Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.55B – Made Any Suicide Plans in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	1.3	1.4	3.4	3.9	1.0	1.0	1.4	1.5	0.6	0.6
GENDER
Male	1.3	1.1	2.8	3.0	1.0	0.8	1.4	1.3	0.7	0.5
Female	1.4	1.6	4.1^a	4.9	1.0	1.1	1.5	1.7	0.6	0.7
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	1.4	1.4	3.6	4.1	1.1	1.0	1.6	1.5	0.6	0.6
White	1.3	1.4	3.6	4.2	1.0	1.0	1.7	1.6	0.6	0.6
Black or African American	1.6	1.2	3.6	3.7	1.2	0.8	1.3	1.2	1.1	0.4
AIAN	1.7	1.1	6.7	4.6	0.9	0.5	1.8	1.0	*	0.1
NHOPI	1.2	1.1	*	*	1.1	0.8	*	0.7	*	*
Asian	0.8	1.1	2.2	3.6	0.6	0.7	0.9	0.8	*	*
Two or More Races	3.0	2.5	8.0	6.5	2.0	1.4	2.5	2.3	1.7	0.1
Hispanic or Latino	1.2	1.5	3.0	3.2	0.7	1.1	1.0	1.3	0.4	0.9
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	1.1	1.1	3.4	3.5	0.8	0.7	0.9	1.0	0.5	0.3
Part-Time	1.7	2.3	3.3^a	4.8	1.2	1.4	1.7	1.9	0.7	1.0
Unemployed	3.4	3.8	5.1	4.3	2.6	3.5	2.9	4.0	1.9	2.6
Other¹	1.3	1.2	3.1	3.6	1.1	1.0	2.9	2.2	0.6	0.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans in the past 12 months. Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.56A – Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	1,442	1,379	647	604	795	775	521	579	274	195
GENDER
Male	578	518	270	219	307	299	191	262	116	37
Female	865	861	377	385	487	476	330	317	157	158
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	1,136	1,128	497	513	640	614	414	448	225	166
White	728	764	316	318	412	446	281	295	131	151
Black or African American	276	230	111	108	165	122	87	111	78^a	10
AIAN	16	7	12	4	4	3	4	3	*	*
NHOPI	2	4	*	*	2	3	*	0	*	*
Asian	51	56	22	41	29	15	26	15	3	*
Two or More Races	65	67	37	41	28	26	15	24	*	2
Hispanic or Latino	306	251	151^a	91	155	160	107	131	48	29
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	491	473	276	207	215	266	187	256	28	10
Part-Time	185	274	116	151	69	123	58	58	11	66
Unemployed	180	242	99	105	81	137	35^a	108	46	29
Other¹	586^a	391	156	142	430^a	249	241	158	189	91
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents were asked whether they attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200323

Table 8.56B – Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	0.6	0.6	1.9	1.8	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2
GENDER
Male	0.5	0.4	1.6	1.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.2	0.1
Female	0.7	0.7	2.2	2.3	0.4	0.4	0.7	0.6	0.3	0.3
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.5	0.5	1.9	2.0	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.6	0.2	0.2
White	0.5	0.5	1.7	1.8	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.2
Black or African American	0.9	0.8	2.4	2.4	0.7	0.5	0.7	0.9	0.7^a	0.1
AIAN	1.1	0.5	5.4	1.8	0.3	0.2	0.6	0.6	*	*
NHOPI	0.2	0.4	*	*	0.2	0.4	*	0.1	*	*
Asian	0.4	0.4	1.0	2.0	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.1	*
Two or More Races	1.5	1.5	5.0	4.5	0.8	0.8	1.0	1.2	*	0.1
Hispanic or Latino	0.8	0.6	2.0^a	1.2	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.2
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	0.4	0.4	1.9	1.5	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.0
Part-Time	0.6	0.8	1.3	1.8	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.1	0.5
Unemployed	1.8	2.5	3.2	3.2	1.2	2.1	0.8^a	2.6	2.1	1.2
Other¹	0.7^a	0.5	2.1	1.9	0.6^a	0.3	1.4	0.9	0.3	0.2
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents were asked whether they attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.57A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	10,744^a	11,951	3,709	3,926	7,035^a	8,025	4,657^a	5,331	2,379	2,693
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	1,686^a	2,073	639	654	1,047^a	1,419	744	745	303^a	674
Midwest	2,426^a	2,742	888	967	1,538	1,776	1,017	1,128	521	648
South	3,685	4,059	1,263	1,339	2,423	2,720	1,631^a	1,942	791	778
West	2,947	3,076	920	966	2,027	2,110	1,264	1,516	763	594
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	5,697^a	6,412	1,995	2,175	3,702	4,237	2,592	2,908	1,110	1,329
Small Metro	3,516	3,899	1,207	1,255	2,309	2,644	1,509	1,712	800	932
Nonmetro	1,531	1,640	507	496	1,025	1,143	555^a	712	469	432
Urbanized	778	719	254	246	524	473	278	294	246	180
Less Urbanized	633	785	221	194	412	590	246	358	166	232
Completely Rural	121	136	32	56	89	80	31	60	58	20
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	2,338	2,290	946	925	1,392	1,365	906	969	486	396
100-199%	2,369	2,735	855	890	1,514	1,845	1,027	1,004	487^a	841
200% or More	5,947^a	6,809	1,818	1,995	4,129^a	4,814	2,724^a	3,358	1,405	1,456
EDUCATION
< High School	1,230	1,286	450	509	780	777	456	518	324	259
High School Graduate	2,837	2,952	1,164	1,239	1,673	1,712	937	1,093	736	619
Some College/Associate's Degree	4,150^a	4,793	1,680	1,787	2,470^a	3,006	1,746^a	2,080	725	926
College Graduate	2,527	2,920	414	391	2,113^a	2,529	1,518	1,639	594	890
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	5,900^a	6,834	2,258	2,349	3,642^a	4,486	2,359^a	2,882	1,283	1,604
Medicaid/CHIP	2,462^a	2,865	822	894	1,641	1,972	1,075^a	1,344	565	627
Other³	2,021	2,234	275	294	1,746	1,940	553	636	1,193	1,305
No Coverage	1,625	1,608	507	582	1,117	1,026	964	902	153	124
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.57B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Geographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Geographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	4.3^a	4.8	11.0	11.8	3.3^a	3.7	4.7^a	5.3	2.1	2.4
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Northeast	3.9^a	4.8	11.0	11.5	2.8^a	3.8	4.4	4.4	1.5^a	3.3
Midwest	4.7^a	5.3	12.4	13.6	3.5	4.0	5.0	5.6	2.1	2.7
South	3.9	4.3	10.0	10.6	3.0	3.3	4.3	5.1	1.8	1.8
West	5.0	5.2	11.4	12.1	4.0	4.1	5.1	6.0	3.0	2.3
COUNTY TYPE
Large Metro	4.1^a	4.6	10.6	11.7	3.1	3.5	4.4	4.9	1.9	2.2
Small Metro	4.8	5.2	11.4	12.0	3.7	4.1	5.2	5.9	2.3	2.6
Nonmetro	4.3	4.8	11.7	11.5	3.3	3.8	4.6^a	5.8	2.4	2.4
Urbanized	4.8	5.0	13.4	12.2	3.7	3.8	5.0	5.5	2.8	2.6
Less Urbanized	3.9	4.9	10.6	10.1	2.9^a	4.2	4.3^a	6.4	1.9	2.7
Completely Rural	3.6	3.5	9.5	15.1	3.0	2.2	3.4	4.5	2.8	0.9
POVERTY LEVEL¹
Less Than 100%	6.9	7.2	11.5	11.9	5.4	5.7	6.3	7.3	4.2	3.7
100-199%	4.9^a	5.8	10.5	11.6	3.7^a	4.7	5.4	5.3	2.3^a	4.0
200% or More	3.6^a	4.0	11.0	11.9	2.8	3.2	4.1^a	4.9	1.7	1.8
EDUCATION
< High School	4.0	4.3	9.8	11.1	3.0	3.1	4.1	4.9	2.2	1.8
High School Graduate	4.6	4.9	11.3	11.9	3.3	3.4	4.5	5.3	2.4	2.1
Some College/Associate's Degree	5.4^a	6.3	12.5	13.3	3.9^a	4.8	5.7^a	6.8	2.2	2.9
College Graduate	3.2	3.6	7.7	8.0	2.9	3.3	4.0	4.3	1.7	2.3
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	3.6^a	4.1	11.1	11.6	2.5^a	3.1	3.5^a	4.3	1.7	2.1
Medicaid/CHIP	6.8^a	8.1	11.5	12.6	5.6^a	7.0	6.8^a	8.4	4.2	5.1
Other³	3.0	3.3	10.8	11.7	2.7	2.9	7.2	8.8	2.1	2.2
No Coverage	6.7	6.3	10.7	12.2	5.7	4.9	6.8	6.1	2.8	2.1
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents aged 18 to 22 who were living in a college dormitory were excluded. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.58A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, or Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)
TOTAL	10,744^a	11,951	3,312	3,455	1,442	1,379
AGE GROUP
18-25	3,709	3,926	1,160	1,313	647	604
26 or Older	7,035^a	8,025	2,153	2,142	795	775
26-49	4,657^a	5,331	1,450	1,466	521	579
50 or Older	2,379	2,693	702	676	274	195
GENDER
Male	4,885	5,341	1,528	1,373	578	518
Female	5,859^a	6,610	1,784	2,082	865	861
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	9,248	9,904	2,846	2,835	1,136	1,128
White	7,206	7,818	2,094	2,180	728	764
Black or African American	1,199	1,173	468	367	276	230
AIAN	87	70	26	16	16	7
NHOPI	33	22	11	11	2	4
Asian	405	522	117	155	51	56
Two or More Races	319	298	131	107	65	67
Hispanic or Latino	1,496^a	2,046	466	620	306	251
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	5,900^a	6,834	1,604	1,695	556	659
Medicaid/CHIP	2,462^a	2,865	950	1,049	551	478
Other³	2,021	2,234	591	684	225	251
No Coverage	1,625	1,608	607	481	291	208
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	4,687^a	5,423	1,336	1,320	491	473
Part-Time	1,878	2,173	558	737	185	274
Unemployed	923	966	333	371	180	242
Other⁴	3,256	3,388	1,086	1,028	586^a	391
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁴ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.58B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, or Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)
TOTAL	4.3^a	4.8	1.3	1.4	0.6	0.6
AGE GROUP
18-25	11.0	11.8	3.4	3.9	1.9	1.8
26 or Older	3.3^a	3.7	1.0	1.0	0.4	0.4
26-49	4.7^a	5.3	1.4	1.5	0.5	0.6
50 or Older	2.1	2.4	0.6	0.6	0.2	0.2
GENDER
Male	4.1	4.5	1.3	1.1	0.5	0.4
Female	4.6^a	5.1	1.4	1.6	0.7	0.7
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	4.5	4.8	1.4	1.4	0.5	0.5
White	4.6	5.0	1.3	1.4	0.5	0.5
Black or African American	4.1	4.0	1.6	1.2	0.9	0.8
AIAN	5.8	5.1	1.7	1.1	1.1	0.5
NHOPI	3.6	2.3	1.2	1.1	0.2	0.4
Asian	2.9	3.6	0.8	1.1	0.4	0.4
Two or More Races	7.4	6.9	3.0	2.5	1.5	1.5
Hispanic or Latino	3.7^a	5.0	1.2	1.5	0.8	0.6
HEALTH INSURANCE²
Private	3.6^a	4.1	1.0	1.0	0.3	0.4
Medicaid/CHIP	6.8^a	8.1	2.6	3.0	1.5	1.4
Other³	3.0	3.3	0.9	1.0	0.3	0.4
No Coverage	6.7	6.3	2.5^a	1.9	1.2	0.8
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	3.8^a	4.4	1.1	1.1	0.4	0.4
Part-Time	5.9	6.7	1.7	2.3	0.6	0.8
Unemployed	9.3	9.8	3.4	3.8	1.8	2.5
Other⁴	4.0	4.1	1.3	1.2	0.7^a	0.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ³ Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ⁴ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.59A – Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt, or Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Attempted Suicide in Past Year, by Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Attempted Suicide (2018)	Attempted Suicide (2019)	Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among Persons Who Attempted Suicide (2018)	Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among Persons Who Attempted Suicide (2019)	Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among Persons Who Attempted Suicide (2018)	Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among Persons Who Attempted Suicide (2019)
TOTAL	1,442	1,379	717	732	443	526
AGE GROUP
18-25	647	604	266	249	160	167
26 or Older	795	775	451	482	282	359
26-49	521	579	247	359	146^a	257
50 or Older	274	195	*	*	*	*
GENDER
Male	578	518	293	300	188	238
Female	865	861	424	431	254	288
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	1,136	1,128	570	607	315	433
White	728	764	357	447	213	324
Black or African American	276	230	*	*	*	*
AIAN	16	7	*	*	*	*
NHOPI	2	4	*	*	*	*
Asian	51	56	*	*	*	*
Two or More Races	65	67	*	*	*	*
Hispanic or Latino	306	251	*	*	*	*
HEALTH INSURANCE¹
Private	556	659	292	353	153^a	267
Medicaid/CHIP	551	478	313	281	*	196
Other²	225	251	*	*	*	*
No Coverage	291	208	*	*	*	*
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	491	473	215	225	105	154
Part-Time	185	274	*	*	*	*
Unemployed	180	242	*	*	*	*
Other³	586^a	391	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents were asked whether they attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.59B – Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt, or Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Attempted Suicide in Past Year, by Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Attempted Suicide (2018)	Attempted Suicide (2019)	Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among Persons Who Attempted Suicide (2018)	Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt among Persons Who Attempted Suicide (2019)	Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among Persons Who Attempted Suicide (2018)	Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt among Persons Who Attempted Suicide (2019)
TOTAL	0.6	0.6	49.8	53.1	30.7	38.1
AGE GROUP
18-25	1.9	1.8	41.1	41.3	24.8	27.6
26 or Older	0.4	0.4	56.8	62.2	35.5	46.4
26-49	0.5	0.6	47.4^a	62.0	28.1^a	44.3
50 or Older	0.2	0.2	*	*	*	*
GENDER
Male	0.5	0.4	50.7	57.9	32.6	46.0
Female	0.7	0.7	49.2	50.1	29.5	33.4
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	0.5	0.5	50.2	53.8	27.7^a	38.4
White	0.5	0.5	49.1	58.5	29.2^a	42.4
Black or African American	0.9	0.8	*	*	*	*
AIAN	1.1	0.5	*	*	*	*
NHOPI	0.2	0.4	*	*	*	*
Asian	0.4	0.4	*	*	*	*
Two or More Races	1.5	1.5	*	*	*	*
Hispanic or Latino	0.8	0.6	*	*	*	*
HEALTH INSURANCE¹
Private	0.3	0.4	52.7	53.6	27.6^a	40.6
Medicaid/CHIP	1.5	1.4	57.1	58.7	*	41.1
Other²	0.3	0.4	*	*	*	*
No Coverage	1.2	0.8	*	*	*	*
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	0.4	0.4	43.7	47.5	21.3	32.5
Part-Time	0.6	0.8	*	*	*	*
Unemployed	1.8	2.5	*	*	*	*
Other³	0.7^a	0.5	*	*	*	*
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents were asked whether they attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.60A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, or Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Type of Illicit Drug Use in Past Year and Alcohol Use in Past Year and Past Month: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)
TOTAL	10,744^a	11,951	3,312	3,455	1,442	1,379
ILLICIT DRUGS	5,437	5,751	1,796	1,874	871	748
Marijuana	4,400^a	4,913	1,418	1,583	723	662
Cocaine	1,001	922	367	314	198	148
Crack	194	157	96	68	58	24
Heroin	227	158	90	78	54	30
Hallucinogens	1,033	960	357	303	178^a	110
LSD	527	413	193	127	95^a	40
PCP	*	*	*	*	*	*
Ecstasy	449	418	157	141	84	55
Inhalants	258	283	84	94	42	38
Methamphetamine	479	410	238	143	139^a	62
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	2,570^a	2,218	883	861	420	336
Pain Relievers	1,543	1,399	578	540	272	232
Stimulants	896	775	302	291	129	119
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	1,257^a	922	455	382	239	161
Tranquilizers	1,133^a	862	430	363	233	151
Sedatives	235	150	83	40	49	29
Benzodiazepines	1,083^a	832	412	353	225	149
Opioids	1,625	1,436	622	561	304	236
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana²	3,328	3,158	1,129	1,123	557	444
PAST YEAR ALCOHOL	8,413^a	9,167	2,512	2,682	1,063	1,025
PAST YEAR ALCOHOL OR ILLICIT DRUGS	8,955^a	9,833	2,741	2,865	1,155	1,110
PAST YEAR ALCOHOL AND ILLICIT DRUGS	4,895	5,085	1,567	1,691	779	663
PAST MONTH ALCOHOL	6,375^a	7,183	1,917	2,017	810	723
Binge Alcohol Use³	3,697^a	4,394	1,141	1,216	553	466
Heavy Alcohol Use	1,349	1,461	461	369	234^a	148
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ³ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.60B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, or Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Type of Illicit Drug Use in Past Year and Alcohol Use in Past Year and Past Month: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)
TOTAL	4.3^a	4.8	1.3	1.4	0.6	0.6
ILLICIT DRUGS	11.2	10.9	3.7	3.6	1.8	1.4
Marijuana	11.0	11.0	3.5	3.5	1.8	1.5
Cocaine	18.8	17.3	6.9	5.9	3.7	2.8
Crack	26.4	20.7	13.1	8.9	8.0	3.2
Heroin	29.0	21.4	11.5	10.6	6.9	4.1
Hallucinogens	20.0	17.4	6.9	5.5	3.4^a	2.0
LSD	25.0^a	19.1	9.1	5.9	4.5^a	1.9
PCP	*	*	*	*	*	*
Ecstasy	18.9	17.6	6.6	6.0	3.6	2.3
Inhalants	19.4	20.5	6.3	6.8	3.2	2.8
Methamphetamine	26.7	21.3	13.2^a	7.4	7.7^a	3.2
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	16.6	14.6	5.7	5.7	2.7	2.2
Pain Relievers	16.9	15.4	6.4	5.9	3.0	2.6
Stimulants	19.0	17.3	6.4	6.5	2.7	2.7
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	21.3^a	17.0	7.7	7.0	4.0	3.0
Tranquilizers	21.5	18.0	8.2	7.6	4.4	3.2
Sedatives	23.8^a	14.8	8.4	3.9	5.0	2.9
Benzodiazepines	21.6	18.7	8.2	7.9	4.5	3.4
Opioids	17.3	15.3	6.6	6.0	3.2	2.5
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana²	15.7	14.6	5.3	5.2	2.6	2.1
PAST YEAR ALCOHOL	4.9^a	5.3	1.5	1.6	0.6	0.6
PAST YEAR ALCOHOL OR ILLICIT DRUGS	5.0^a	5.5	1.5	1.6	0.6	0.6
PAST YEAR ALCOHOL AND ILLICIT DRUGS	11.2	11.0	3.6	3.7	1.8	1.4
PAST MONTH ALCOHOL	4.7^a	5.3	1.4	1.5	0.6	0.5
Binge Alcohol Use³	5.6^a	6.8	1.7	1.9	0.8	0.7
Heavy Alcohol Use	8.3	9.3	2.8	2.4	1.4	0.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. ³ Estimates of binge alcohol use include use by those who were heavy alcohol users. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.61A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, or Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	No Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	No Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Did Not Make Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Did Not Make Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)	Did Not Attempt Suicide¹ (2018)	Did Not Attempt Suicide¹ (2019)
TOTAL	10,744^a	11,951	236,519	236,612	3,312	3,455	243,903^a	245,107	1,442	1,379	245,801^a	247,164
ILLICIT DRUGS	1,800	1,737	5,535	5,619	725	643	6,604	6,713	368	299	6,965	7,057
Marijuana	831	897	3,037	3,203	326	343	3,541	3,756	160	178	3,705	3,922
Cocaine	359	283	606	711	141	124	824	870	67	40	897	954
Heroin	*	*	*	*	80	*	437	*	45	21	473	411
Hallucinogens	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Inhalants	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Methamphetamine	325	291	699	721	175	106	847	905	85	47	939	965
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	684	572	1,662	1,432	277	251	2,070	1,753	165	110	2,179	1,894
Pain Relievers	393	372	1,176	901	172	167	1,398	1,106	118	56	1,450	1,216
Stimulants	187	112	319	378	84	45	421	446	31	34	475	456
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	253	196	424	390	126	93	552	492	72	46	605	540
Tranquilizers	234	185	373	323	111	84	496	424	61	39	547	469
Sedatives	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	495	416	1,400	1,107	229	190	1,666	1,333	142^a	61	1,751	1,461
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana²	1,207	1,039	2,917	2,743	507	399	3,610	3,383	276^a	161	3,845	3,621
ALCOHOL	2,034	2,259	12,292	11,752	763	694	13,559	13,316	359	260	13,964	13,750
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	733	654	1,727	1,548	337	275	2,121	1,928	184	109	2,276	2,093
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	3,102	3,341	16,100	15,823	1,151	1,063	18,041	18,101	542	450	18,653	18,714
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	1,067	1,082	3,808	4,071	388	368	4,482	4,785	184	190	4,689	4,963
ALCOHOL ONLY	1,302^a	1,604	10,565	10,204	426	419	11,437	11,388	175	151	11,688	11,657
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	7,642^a	8,610	220,419	220,789	2,161	2,392	225,862	227,006	900	929	227,148	228,450
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.61B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, or Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Substance Use Disorder Status and Past Year Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	No Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	No Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Did Not Make Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Did Not Make Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)	Did Not Attempt Suicide¹ (2018)	Did Not Attempt Suicide¹ (2019)
TOTAL	4.3^a	4.8	95.7^a	95.2	1.3	1.4	98.7	98.6	0.6	0.6	99.4	99.4
ILLICIT DRUGS	24.5	23.6	75.5	76.4	9.9	8.7	90.1	91.3	5.0	4.1	95.0	95.9
Marijuana	21.5	21.9	78.5	78.1	8.4	8.4	91.6	91.6	4.1	4.3	95.9	95.7
Cocaine	37.2	28.4	62.8	71.6	14.6	12.5	85.4	87.5	7.0	4.1	93.0	95.9
Heroin	*	*	*	*	15.5	*	84.5	*	8.7	4.8	91.3	95.2
Hallucinogens	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Inhalants	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Methamphetamine	31.7	28.7	68.3	71.3	17.1	10.5	82.9	89.5	8.3	4.7	91.7	95.3
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	29.2	28.6	70.8	71.4	11.8	12.5	88.2	87.5	7.1	5.5	92.9	94.5
Pain Relievers	25.1	29.2	74.9	70.8	10.9	13.1	89.1	86.9	7.5	4.4	92.5	95.6
Stimulants	36.9^a	22.9	63.1^a	77.1	16.7	9.1	83.3	90.9	6.0	6.9	94.0	93.1
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	37.4	33.4	62.6	66.6	18.5	15.9	81.5	84.1	10.7	7.8	89.3	92.2
Tranquilizers	38.5	36.5	61.5	63.5	18.3	16.5	81.7	83.5	10.0	7.6	90.0	92.4
Sedatives	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	26.1	27.3	73.9	72.7	12.1	12.5	87.9	87.5	7.5	4.0	92.5	96.0
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana²	29.3	27.5	70.7	72.5	12.3	10.5	87.7	89.5	6.7^a	4.3	93.3^a	95.7
ALCOHOL	14.2	16.1	85.8	83.9	5.3	5.0	94.7	95.0	2.5	1.9	97.5	98.1
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	29.8	29.7	70.2	70.3	13.7	12.5	86.3	87.5	7.5	5.0	92.5	95.0
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	16.2	17.4	83.8	82.6	6.0	5.5	94.0	94.5	2.8	2.3	97.2	97.7
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	21.9	21.0	78.1	79.0	8.0	7.1	92.0	92.9	3.8	3.7	96.2	96.3
ALCOHOL ONLY	11.0^a	13.6	89.0^a	86.4	3.6	3.6	96.4	96.4	1.5	1.3	98.5	98.7
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	3.4^a	3.8	96.6^a	96.2	0.9	1.0	99.1	99.0	0.4	0.4	99.6	99.6
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.62A – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Suicide Behavior: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	No Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	No Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Did Not Make Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Did Not Make Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)	Did Not Attempt Suicide¹ (2018)	Did Not Attempt Suicide¹ (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	10,744^a	11,951	236,519	236,612	3,312	3,455	243,903	245,107	1,442	1,379	245,801	247,164
ILLICIT DRUGS	1,800	1,737	5,535	5,619	725	643	6,604	6,713	368	299	6,965	7,057
Marijuana	831	897	3,037	3,203	326	343	3,541	3,756	160	178	3,705	3,922
Cocaine	359	283	606	711	141	124	824	870	67	40	897	954
Heroin	168	101	349	330	80	56	437	375	45	21	473	411
Hallucinogens	102^a	53	131	169	47^a	15	182	207	39^a	5	193	217
Inhalants	20	31	75	32	7	14	88	48	12	10	83	53
Methamphetamine	325	291	699	721	175	106	847	905	85	47	939	965
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	684	572	1,662	1,432	277	251	2,070	1,753	165	110	2,179	1,894
Pain Relievers	393	372	1,176	901	172	167	1,398	1,106	118	56	1,450	1,216
Stimulants	187	112	319	378	84	45	421	446	31	34	475	456
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	253	196	424	390	126	93	552	492	72	46	605	540
Tranquilizers	234	185	373	323	111	84	496	424	61	39	547	469
Sedatives	40	16	58	121	31	12	67	125	28	9	70	127
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	495	416	1,400	1,107	229	190	1,666	1,333	142^a	61	1,751	1,461
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana²	1,207	1,039	2,917	2,743	507	399	3,610	3,383	276^a	161	3,845	3,621
ALCOHOL	2,034	2,259	12,292	11,752	763	694	13,559	13,316	359	260	13,964	13,750
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	733	654	1,727	1,548	337	275	2,121	1,928	184	109	2,276	2,093
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	3,102	3,341	16,100	15,823	1,151	1,063	18,041	18,101	542	450	18,653	18,714
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	1,067	1,082	3,808	4,071	388	368	4,482	4,785	184	190	4,689	4,963
ALCOHOL ONLY	1,302^a	1,604	10,565	10,204	426	419	11,437	11,388	175	151	11,688	11,657
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	7,642^a	8,610	220,419	220,789	2,161	2,392	225,862	227,006	900	929	227,148	228,450
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200414

Table 8.62B – Substance Use Disorder Status and Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Suicide Behavior: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Substance Use Disorder Status	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	No Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	No Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Did Not Make Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Did Not Make Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)	Did Not Attempt Suicide¹ (2018)	Did Not Attempt Suicide¹ (2019)
TOTAL POPULATION	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
ILLICIT DRUGS	16.8	14.5	2.3	2.4	21.9	18.6	2.7	2.7	25.5	21.7	2.8	2.9
Marijuana	7.7	7.5	1.3	1.4	9.8	9.9	1.5	1.5	11.1	12.9	1.5	1.6
Cocaine	3.3	2.4	0.3	0.3	4.2	3.6	0.3	0.4	4.7	2.9	0.4	0.4
Heroin	1.6	0.8	0.1	0.1	2.4	1.6	0.2	0.2	3.1	1.5	0.2	0.2
Hallucinogens	0.9^a	0.4	0.1	0.1	1.4^a	0.4	0.1	0.1	2.7^a	0.4	0.1	0.1
Inhalants	0.2	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.8	0.7	0.0	0.0
Methamphetamine	3.0	2.4	0.3	0.3	5.3	3.1	0.3	0.4	5.9	3.4	0.4	0.4
Misuse of Psychotherapeutics	6.4^a	4.8	0.7	0.6	8.4	7.3	0.8	0.7	11.5	8.0	0.9	0.8
Pain Relievers	3.7	3.1	0.5	0.4	5.2	4.8	0.6	0.5	8.2	4.1	0.6	0.5
Stimulants	1.7^a	0.9	0.1	0.2	2.6	1.3	0.2	0.2	2.1	2.5	0.2	0.2
Tranquilizers or Sedatives	2.4	1.6	0.2	0.2	3.8	2.7	0.2	0.2	5.0	3.3	0.2	0.2
Tranquilizers	2.2	1.5	0.2	0.1	3.4	2.4	0.2	0.2	4.2	2.8	0.2	0.2
Sedatives	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.9	0.3	0.0	0.1	1.9	0.7	0.0	0.1
Benzodiazepines	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
Opioids	4.6	3.5	0.6	0.5	6.9	5.5	0.7	0.5	9.8^a	4.5	0.7	0.6
Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana²	11.2^a	8.7	1.2	1.2	15.3	11.5	1.5	1.4	19.1^a	11.7	1.6	1.5
ALCOHOL	18.9	18.9	5.2	5.0	23.0	20.1	5.6	5.4	24.9	18.9	5.7	5.6
BOTH ILLICIT DRUGS AND ALCOHOL	6.8	5.5	0.7	0.7	10.2	8.0	0.9	0.8	12.7	7.9	0.9	0.8
ILLICIT DRUGS OR ALCOHOL	28.9	28.0	6.8	6.7	34.8	30.8	7.4	7.4	37.6	32.7	7.6	7.6
ILLICIT DRUGS ONLY	9.9	9.1	1.6	1.7	11.7	10.7	1.8	2.0	12.7	13.8	1.9	2.0
ALCOHOL ONLY	12.1	13.4	4.5	4.3	12.9	12.1	4.7	4.6	12.1	10.9	4.8	4.7
NO SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER	71.1	72.0	93.2	93.3	65.2	69.2	92.6	92.6	62.4	67.3	92.4	92.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana excludes respondents who used only marijuana but includes those who used marijuana in addition to other illicit drugs. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200409

Table 8.63A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Probation Status and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	On Probation (2018)	On Probation (2019)	Not on Probation (2018)	Not on Probation (2019)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER	10,744^a	11,951	434	358	10,299^a	11,586
AGE GROUP
18-49	8,366^a	9,257	385	315	7,970^a	8,937
18-25	3,709	3,926	148	124	3,554	3,798
26-34	2,449^a	2,798	89	95	2,361^a	2,704
35-49	2,207	2,533	148	95	2,054^a	2,435
GENDER/AGE GROUP
Male 18 or Older	4,885	5,341	225	230	4,652	5,108
Male 18-49	3,868	4,025	215	210	3,645	3,812
Female 18 or Older	5,859^a	6,610	208	129	5,648^a	6,478
Female 18-49	4,498^a	5,232	170	104	4,325^a	5,125
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year probation status. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200409

Table 8.63B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Probation Status and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	On Probation (2018)	On Probation (2019)	Not on Probation (2018)	Not on Probation (2019)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER	4.3^a	4.8	11.7	9.4	4.2^a	4.7
AGE GROUP
18-49	6.3^a	6.9	13.0	10.3	6.1^a	6.8
18-25	11.0	11.8	16.6	15.3	10.9	11.7
26-34	6.2	7.0	8.9	8.7	6.1	7.0
35-49	3.7	4.2	13.9	8.3	3.5^a	4.1
GENDER/AGE GROUP
Male 18 or Older	4.1	4.5	8.8	8.7	4.0	4.4
Male 18-49	5.8	6.1	10.6	9.9	5.7	5.9
Female 18 or Older	4.6^a	5.1	18.4	11.1	4.5^a	5.1
Female 18-49	6.7^a	7.7	18.4	11.5	6.5^a	7.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year probation status. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200409

Table 8.64A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Parole/Supervised Release Status and Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	On Parole/Supervised Release (2018)	On Parole/Supervised Release (2019)	Not on Parole/Supervised Release (2018)	Not on Parole/Supervised Release (2019)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER	10,744^a	11,951	177	127	10,563^a	11,815
AGE GROUP
18-49	8,366^a	9,257	149	123	8,213^a	9,125
18-25	3,709	3,926	*	21	3,656	3,899
26-34	2,449^a	2,798	31	31	2,419^a	2,768
35-49	2,207	2,533	69	*	2,138	2,459
GENDER/AGE GROUP
Male 18 or Older	4,885	5,341	110	86	4,774	5,251
Male 18-49	3,868	4,025	97	83	3,770	3,939
Female 18 or Older	5,859^a	6,610	*	*	5,789^a	6,564
Female 18-49	4,498^a	5,232	*	*	4,443^a	5,186
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year parole/supervised release status. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200409

Table 8.64B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Parole/Supervised Release Status and Demographic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic Characteristic	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	On Parole/Supervised Release (2018)	On Parole/Supervised Release (2019)	Not on Parole/Supervised Release (2018)	Not on Parole/Supervised Release (2019)
TOTAL 18 OR OLDER	4.3^a	4.8	11.8	8.5	4.3^a	4.8
AGE GROUP
18-49	6.3^a	6.9	13.1	10.2	6.2^a	6.9
18-25	11.0	11.8	*	8.7	10.9	11.8
26-34	6.2	7.0	8.7	7.7	6.2	7.0
35-49	3.7	4.2	13.0	*	3.6	4.1
GENDER/AGE GROUP
Male 18 or Older	4.1	4.5	9.6	7.6	4.0	4.4
Male 18-49	5.8	6.1	11.3	8.9	5.8	6.0
Female 18 or Older	4.6^a	5.1	*	*	4.5^a	5.1
Female 18-49	6.7^a	7.7	*	*	6.6^a	7.7
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown past year parole/supervised release status. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200528

Table 8.65A – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Level of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 to 22, by College Enrollment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health Measure	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	Full-Time College Students (2018)	Full-Time College Students (2019)	Other Persons Aged 18-22² (2018)	Other Persons Aged 18-22² (2019)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT³
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide	2,503	2,671	814	841	1,654	1,816
Made Any Suicide Plans⁴	807	905	203	245	593	651
Attempted Suicide⁴	478	415	92	102	368	309
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt	202	169	60	32	135	137
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt	109	106	32	13	69	93
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS⁵
Any Mental Illness	5,556^a	6,149	2,119	2,401	3,398^a	3,718
Serious Mental Illness	1,608	1,782	562	572	1,023^a	1,208
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness	3,948^a	4,367	1,557^a	1,829	2,375	2,510
No Mental Illness	15,954^a	14,918	5,647	5,226	10,094^a	9,514
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE⁶	3,004	3,232	1,163	1,215	1,823	2,006
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES⁷
Inpatient	375	405	78	58	278	337
Outpatient	1,984	2,163	914	976	1,056	1,161
Prescription Medication	2,333	2,543	952	955	1,359^a	1,575
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown enrollment status. ² Other Persons include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available. ³ Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ⁵ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ⁶ Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ⁷ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200528

Table 8.65B – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Level of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Services in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 to 22, by College Enrollment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health Measure	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	Full-Time College Students (2018)	Full-Time College Students (2019)	Other Persons Aged 18-22² (2018)	Other Persons Aged 18-22² (2019)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT³
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide	11.8	12.8	10.5	11.1	12.4^a	13.9
Made Any Suicide Plans⁴	3.8	4.3	2.6	3.2	4.4	5.0
Attempted Suicide⁴	2.2	2.0	1.2	1.3	2.7	2.4
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.4	1.0	1.0
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.7
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS⁵
Any Mental Illness	25.8^a	29.2	27.3^a	31.5	25.2^a	28.1
Serious Mental Illness	7.5^a	8.5	7.2	7.5	7.6^a	9.1
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness	18.4^a	20.7	20.1^a	24.0	17.6	19.0
No Mental Illness	74.2^a	70.8	72.7^a	68.5	74.8^a	71.9
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE⁶	14.2^a	15.6	15.1	16.0	13.7^a	15.4
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES⁷
Inpatient	1.8	1.9	1.0	0.8	2.1	2.6
Outpatient	9.3	10.4	11.8	12.8	7.9	8.8
Prescription Medication	10.9^a	12.2	12.3	12.6	10.1^a	12.0
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown enrollment status. ² Other Persons include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available. ³ Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ⁵ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ⁶ Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ⁷ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200528

Table 8.66A – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Level of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Services in Past Year among Males Aged 18 to 22, by College Enrollment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health Measure	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	Full-Time Male College Students (2018)	Full-Time Male College Students (2019)	Other Males Aged 18-22² (2018)	Other Males Aged 18-22² (2019)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT³
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide	1,068	1,092	331	336	725	745
Made Any Suicide Plans⁴	309	342	67	76	240	259
Attempted Suicide⁴	192	153	30	43	153	109
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt	87	65	23	10	62	54
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt	48	45	11	4	34	41
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS⁵
Any Mental Illness	2,171	2,366	775	881	1,381	1,469
Serious Mental Illness	539	587	171	185	360	402
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness	1,632	1,780	604	697	1,021	1,067
No Mental Illness	8,897	8,404	2,957	2,659	5,808	5,638
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE⁶	1,075	1,178	381	433	682	741
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES⁷
Inpatient	165	168	29	21	126	142
Outpatient	630	713	282	277	345	416
Prescription Medication	776	868	279	312	492	551
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown enrollment status. ² Other Males include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available. ³ Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ⁵ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ⁶ Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ⁷ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200528

Table 8.66B – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Level of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Services in Past Year among Males Aged 18 to 22, by College Enrollment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health Measure	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	Full-Time Male College Students (2018)	Full-Time Male College Students (2019)	Other Males Aged 18-22² (2018)	Other Males Aged 18-22² (2019)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT³
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide	9.8	10.3	8.9	9.5	10.2	10.6
Made Any Suicide Plans⁴	2.8	3.2	1.8	2.2	3.4	3.7
Attempted Suicide⁴	1.8	1.4	0.8	1.2	2.2	1.6
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.3	0.9	0.8
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.5	0.6
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS⁵
Any Mental Illness	19.6^a	22.0	20.8^a	24.9	19.2	20.7
Serious Mental Illness	4.9	5.4	4.6	5.2	5.0	5.7
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness	14.7^a	16.5	16.2^a	19.7	14.2	15.0
No Mental Illness	80.4^a	78.0	79.2^a	75.1	80.8	79.3
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE⁶	9.9	11.1	10.3	12.3	9.6	10.5
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES⁷
Inpatient	1.5	1.6	0.8	0.6	1.8	2.0
Outpatient	5.8	6.7	7.6	7.9	4.8	5.9
Prescription Medication	7.1	8.1	7.5	8.8	6.9	7.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown enrollment status. ² Other Males include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available. ³ Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ⁵ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ⁶ Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ⁷ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200528

Table 8.67A – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Level of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Services in Past Year among Females Aged 18 to 22, by College Enrollment Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health Measure	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	Full-Time Female College Students (2018)	Full-Time Female College Students (2019)	Other Females Aged 18-22² (2018)	Other Females Aged 18-22² (2019)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT³
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide	1,435	1,579	483	505	929	1,071
Made Any Suicide Plans⁴	498	563	136	169	353	392
Attempted Suicide⁴	286	262	63	59	214	200
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt	115	105	38	22	73	83
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt	61	60	21	9	35	51
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS⁵
Any Mental Illness	3,385^a	3,783	1,344	1,520	2,017^a	2,249
Serious Mental Illness	1,069	1,196	391	387	663^a	806
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness	2,316	2,587	953	1,132	1,354	1,443
No Mental Illness	7,057^a	6,514	2,690	2,568	4,286^a	3,876
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE⁶	1,929	2,054	781	782	1,141	1,266
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES⁷
Inpatient	210	237	49	37	151	194
Outpatient	1,354	1,449	632	698	711	744
Prescription Medication	1,557	1,675	673	643	867^a	1,025
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown enrollment status. ² Other Females include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available. ³ Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ⁵ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ⁶ Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ⁷ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200528

Table 8.67B – Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior and Treatment Resulting from a Suicide Attempt, Level of Mental Illness, Major Depressive Episode, and Mental Health Services in Past Year among Females Aged 18 to 22, by College Enrollment Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health Measure	Total¹ (2018)	Total¹ (2019)	Full-Time Female College Students (2018)	Full-Time Female College Students (2019)	Other Females Aged 18-22² (2018)	Other Females Aged 18-22² (2019)
SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIOR AND TREATMENT FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT³
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide	13.9	15.5	12.0	12.4	14.8^a	17.6
Made Any Suicide Plans⁴	4.8	5.5	3.4	4.1	5.6	6.5
Attempted Suicide⁴	2.8	2.6	1.6	1.4	3.4	3.3
Received Medical Attention for Suicide Attempt	1.1	1.0	0.9	0.5	1.2	1.4
Stayed Overnight or Longer in a Hospital for Suicide Attempt	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.6	0.8
LEVEL OF MENTAL ILLNESS⁵
Any Mental Illness	32.4^a	36.7	33.3	37.2	32.0^a	36.7
Serious Mental Illness	10.2	11.6	9.7	9.5	10.5^a	13.2
Any Mental Illness Excluding Serious Mental Illness	22.2^a	25.1	23.6^a	27.7	21.5	23.6
No Mental Illness	67.6^a	63.3	66.7	62.8	68.0^a	63.3
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE EPISODE⁶	18.8	20.3	19.5	19.3	18.4^a	21.1
MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES⁷
Inpatient	2.0	2.3	1.2	0.9	2.4	3.2
Outpatient	13.1	14.2	15.7	17.1	11.3	12.2
Prescription Medication	15.0	16.4	16.7	15.8	13.8^a	16.8
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ The Total column includes respondents with unknown enrollment status. ² Other Females include respondents not enrolled in school, enrolled in college part time, enrolled in other grades either full or part time, or enrolled with no other information available. ³ Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ⁴ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ⁵ Mental Illness aligns with DSM-IV criteria and is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder. Estimates of serious mental illness (SMI) are a subset of estimates of any mental illness (AMI) because SMI is limited to persons with AMI that resulted in serious functional impairment. These mental illness estimates are based on a predictive model and are not direct measures of diagnostic status. ⁶ Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ⁷ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200409

Table 8.68A – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, or Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Major Depressive Episode Status, Past Year Receipt of Mental Health Services Status, Past Year Substance Use Disorder Status, Past Year Serious Psychological Distress Status, and Past Year Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility Status: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health or Substance Use Measure	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)
Major Depressive Episode²	5,666	6,193	2,074	2,270	818	820
No Major Depressive Episode²	4,967^a	5,680	1,182	1,151	601	544
Mental Health Services³	5,166^a	5,807	1,883	2,047	856	790
No Mental Health Services³	5,547	6,091	1,413	1,383	572	578
Substance Use Disorder	3,102	3,341	1,151	1,063	542	450
Alcohol Use Disorder	2,034	2,259	763	694	359	260
Illicit Drug Use Disorder	1,800	1,737	725	643	368	299
No Substance Use Disorder	7,642^a	8,610	2,161	2,392	900	929
Serious Psychological Distress	7,356^a	8,186	2,604	2,835	1,083	1,128
No Serious Psychological Distress	3,388	3,765	708	620	359	252
Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility⁴	445	493	228	229	118	104
No Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility⁴	10,300^a	11,458	3,085	3,226	1,324	1,275
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ⁴ Specialty treatment facilities include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200409

Table 8.68B – Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide, Made Any Suicide Plans, or Attempted Suicide in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Past Year Major Depressive Episode Status, Past Year Receipt of Mental Health Services Status, Past Year Substance Use Disorder Status, Past Year Serious Psychological Distress Status, and Past Year Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility Status: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health or Substance Use Measure	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2018)	Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide (2019)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2018)	Made Any Suicide Plans¹ (2019)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2018)	Attempted Suicide¹ (2019)
Major Depressive Episode²	32.0	32.1	11.7	11.8	4.6	4.3
No Major Depressive Episode²	2.2^a	2.5	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.2
Mental Health Services³	14.0	14.5	5.1	5.1	2.3	2.0
No Mental Health Services³	2.6^a	2.9	0.7	0.7	0.3	0.3
Substance Use Disorder	16.2	17.4	6.0	5.5	2.8	2.3
Alcohol Use Disorder	14.2	16.1	5.3	5.0	2.5	1.9
Illicit Drug Use Disorder	24.5	23.6	9.9	8.7	5.0	4.1
No Substance Use Disorder	3.4^a	3.8	0.9	1.0	0.4	0.4
Serious Psychological Distress	25.8	26.4	9.1	9.1	3.8	3.6
No Serious Psychological Distress	1.5	1.7	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.1
Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility⁴	20.2	19.3	10.4	9.0	5.4	4.1
No Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility⁴	4.2^a	4.7	1.3	1.3	0.5	0.5
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents were asked whether they made any suicide plans or attempted suicide in the past 12 months only if they had serious thoughts of suicide in the past 12 months. Respondents who had no suicide thoughts were categorized as not making any suicide plans and not attempting suicide in the past 12 months. ² Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ³ Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ⁴ Specialty treatment facilities include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200409

Table 8.69A – Major Depressive Episode, Mental Health Services and Perceived Need, Substance Use Disorder, Serious Psychological Distress, and Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health or Substance Use Measure	2018	2019
Major Depressive Episode¹	5,666	6,193
No Major Depressive Episode¹	4,967^a	5,680
Mental Health Services²	5,166^a	5,807
No Mental Health Services²	5,547	6,091
Perceived Need³	1,700^a	2,107
No Perceived Need³	3,836	3,977
Substance Use Disorder	3,102	3,341
Alcohol Use Disorder	2,034	2,259
Illicit Drug Use Disorder	1,800	1,737
No Substance Use Disorder	7,642^a	8,610
Serious Psychological Distress	7,356^a	8,186
No Serious Psychological Distress	3,388	3,765
Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility⁴	445	493
No Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility⁴	10,300^a	11,458
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ⁴ Specialty treatment facilities include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200409

Table 8.69B – Major Depressive Episode, Mental Health Services and Perceived Need, Substance Use Disorder, Serious Psychological Distress, and Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility in Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older Who Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide in Past Year: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Past Year Mental Health or Substance Use Measure	2018	2019
Major Depressive Episode¹	53.3	52.2
No Major Depressive Episode¹	46.7	47.8
Mental Health Services²	48.2	48.8
No Mental Health Services²	51.8	51.2
Perceived Need³	15.9	17.8
No Perceived Need³	35.9	33.5
Substance Use Disorder	28.9	28.0
Alcohol Use Disorder	18.9	18.9
Illicit Drug Use Disorder	16.8	14.5
No Substance Use Disorder	71.1	72.0
Serious Psychological Distress	68.5	68.5
No Serious Psychological Distress	31.5	31.5
Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility⁴	4.1	4.1
No Substance Use Treatment at a Specialty Facility⁴	95.9	95.9
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. NOTE: Respondents with unknown suicide information were excluded. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents with unknown past year Major Depressive Episode (MDE) data were excluded. ² Mental Health Services for adults includes inpatient treatment/counseling, outpatient treatment/counseling, or use of prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents with unknown mental health service information were excluded. ³ Perception of unmet need was asked of all respondents regardless of their mental health. Respondents with unknown perception of unmet need information were excluded. ⁴ Specialty treatment facilities include hospitals (inpatient only), rehabilitation facilities (inpatient or outpatient), or mental health centers. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200423

Table 8.70A – Serious Psychological Distress in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	15,001^a	16,392	4,704^a	5,182	10,297	11,211	6,617^a	7,279	3,680	3,932
GENDER
Male	6,076	6,345	1,792	1,912	4,284	4,434	2,850	2,978	1,434	1,456
Female	8,925^a	10,047	2,912^a	3,270	6,013^a	6,777	3,767^a	4,301	2,246	2,476
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	12,416^a	13,413	3,693^a	4,121	8,723	9,292	5,478	5,987	3,244	3,305
White	9,470	10,034	2,646^a	2,922	6,824	7,112	4,211	4,469	2,613	2,643
Black or African American	1,809^a	2,173	612	698	1,197	1,475	778^a	1,016	419	460
AIAN	132	108	29	28	103	80	58	30	*	*
NHOPI	93	70	*	*	*	53	*	*	*	*
Asian	575	578	258	263	317	315	259	221	*	94
Two or More Races	336	449	118^a	192	219	257	137	202	81	56
Hispanic or Latino	2,585	2,979	1,011	1,061	1,574	1,918	1,138	1,291	436	627
HEALTH INSURANCE¹
Private	7,060	7,708	2,575^a	2,944	4,485	4,764	2,893	3,273	1,591	1,490
Medicaid/CHIP	4,540	5,118	1,241	1,288	3,299	3,830	2,147	2,299	1,152	1,531
Other²	3,067	3,242	347	381	2,720	2,860	928	900	1,792	1,960
No Coverage	2,352	2,440	737	816	1,615	1,624	1,259	1,366	356	258
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	5,900	6,444	1,806^a	2,059	4,094	4,385	3,124^a	3,694	971	691
Part-Time	2,351	2,672	1,247	1,344	1,104	1,328	889	868	214^a	460
Unemployed	1,481	1,464	623	637	859	827	649	600	210	227
Other³	5,269	5,813	1,028	1,142	4,240	4,671	1,955	2,117	2,285	2,554
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.

200423

Table 8.70B – Serious Psychological Distress in Past Month among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by Age Group and Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics: Percentages, 2018 and 2019
Demographic/Socioeconomic Characteristic	Aged 18+ (2018)	Aged 18+ (2019)	Aged 18-25 (2018)	Aged 18-25 (2019)	Aged 26+ (2018)	Aged 26+ (2019)	Aged 26-49 (2018)	Aged 26-49 (2019)	Aged 50+ (2018)	Aged 50+ (2019)
TOTAL	6.0^a	6.5	13.8^a	15.4	4.8	5.2	6.6^a	7.2	3.2	3.4
GENDER
Male	5.1	5.3	10.5	11.3	4.2	4.3	5.7	6.0	2.7	2.7
Female	6.9^a	7.8	17.2^a	19.4	5.4^a	6.0	7.4^a	8.4	3.7	4.0
HISPANIC ORIGIN AND RACE
Not Hispanic or Latino	6.0^a	6.4	14.0^a	15.8	4.8	5.1	6.8	7.4	3.2	3.2
White	6.0	6.4	14.5^a	16.2	4.9	5.1	7.3	7.8	3.2	3.2
Black or African American	6.1^a	7.3	12.9	15.1	4.8	5.8	6.1^a	7.8	3.5	3.7
AIAN	8.8	7.8	13.2	13.0	8.0	6.8	9.4	5.9	*	*
NHOPI	9.9	7.1	*	*	*	6.4	*	*	*	*
Asian	4.1	4.0	11.4	12.6	2.7	2.5	3.5	3.1	*	1.8
Two or More Races	7.8	10.2	15.6	20.5	6.1	7.5	9.3	10.2	3.9	3.8
Hispanic or Latino	6.4	7.2	13.3	13.8	4.8	5.7	5.6	6.2	3.5	4.8
HEALTH INSURANCE¹
Private	4.3^a	4.7	12.6^a	14.4	3.1	3.3	4.3^a	4.9	2.0	1.9
Medicaid/CHIP	12.3^a	14.3	17.1	17.8	11.2^a	13.4	13.4	14.2	8.5^a	12.4
Other²	4.5	4.7	13.5	15.0	4.1	4.3	11.9	12.3	3.1	3.3
No Coverage	9.6	9.4	15.3	16.9	8.2	7.7	8.8	9.1	6.6	4.3
CURRENT EMPLOYMENT
Full-Time	4.8	5.2	12.4^a	14.4	3.8	4.0	4.6^a	5.4	2.4	1.7
Part-Time	7.3	8.2	14.4	16.1	4.7	5.5	8.2	8.1	1.7^a	3.4
Unemployed	14.8	14.7	20.1	19.3	12.4	12.5	13.9	14.0	9.5	9.6
Other³	6.4	7.0	13.3	14.7	5.6	6.2	11.3	12.2	3.9	4.4
* = low precision; -- = not available; da = does not apply; nc = not comparable due to methodological changes; nr = not reported due to measurement issues. ^a The difference between this estimate and the 2019 estimate is statistically significant at the .05 level. Rounding may make the estimates appear identical. ¹ Respondents could indicate multiple types of health insurance; thus, these response categories are not mutually exclusive. ² Other Health Insurance is defined as having Medicare, military-related health care, or any other type of health insurance. ³ The Other Employment category includes students, persons keeping house or caring for children full time, retired or disabled persons, or other persons not in the labor force. Definitions: Measures and terms are defined in Appendix A. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2018 and 2019.