National Survey on Drug Use and Health: 2017-2018 State-Specific Tables of Model-Based Estimates (Totals and Percentages), SAMHSA, CBHSQ

191016

UNITED STATES

Table 1 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the United States, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	31,197	1,983	8,216	20,998	29,214
Past Year Marijuana Use	42,211	3,102	11,892	27,217	39,110
Past Month Marijuana Use	26,832	1,635	7,559	17,637	25,197
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	69,727	5,883	4,148	59,696	63,844
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3,317	1,229	1,485	602	2,087
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	9,007	597	2,243	6,167	8,410
Past Year Cocaine Use	5,736	119	2,047	3,569	5,617
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	194,466	13,686	21,467	159,312	180,780
Past Year Heroin Use	847	12	186	649	835
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	235,421	16,299	28,206	190,916	219,122
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1,750	45	324	1,380	1,704
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	10,512	731	2,159	7,622	9,782
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	140,213	2,349	19,044	118,821	137,864
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	66,848	1,239	12,264	53,345	65,609
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	122,230	10,813	12,880	98,536	111,416
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	7,294	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	4,418	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	59,922	1,134	9,382	49,406	58,788
Past Month Cigarette Use	47,823	730	7,084	40,010	47,094
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	195,758	16,515	22,908	156,335	179,243
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	7,819	711	2,555	4,553	7,108
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	1,686	101	293	1,291	1,585
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	14,661	422	3,434	10,806	14,240
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	19,979	954	5,097	13,928	19,026
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	6,958	671	2,365	3,922	6,288
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	14,012	413	3,315	10,284	13,599
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	18,531	903	4,807	12,821	17,628
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	2,592	8,689	11,281
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8,897	38,236	47,132
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	5,137	31,835	36,972
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	3,668	7,102	10,770
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	3,449	4,580	13,128	17,708
-- Not available. NOTE: Numbers in this table are based on national design-based estimates. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

UNITED STATES

Table 2 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the United States, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.43	7.96	24.04	9.82	11.78
Past Year Marijuana Use	15.47	12.45	34.80	12.73	15.77
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.83	6.56	22.12	8.25	10.16
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.54	23.61	12.14	27.92	25.73
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.17	5.50	8.32	0.53	1.60
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.30	2.39	6.56	2.88	3.39
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.10	0.48	5.99	1.67	2.26
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.27	54.92	62.82	74.50	72.89
Past Year Heroin Use	0.31	0.05	0.54	0.30	0.34
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.29	65.41	82.54	89.28	88.35
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.64	0.18	0.95	0.65	0.69
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.85	2.93	6.32	3.56	3.94
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.37	9.43	55.73	55.57	55.59
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.49	4.97	35.89	24.95	26.45
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	44.78	43.39	37.69	46.08	44.92
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.25	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.66	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.96	4.55	27.46	23.11	23.70
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.52	2.93	20.73	18.71	18.99
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.73	66.27	67.04	73.11	72.27
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.86	2.85	7.48	2.13	2.87
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.62	0.41	0.86	0.60	0.64
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.37	1.69	10.05	5.05	5.74
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.32	3.83	14.92	6.51	7.67
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.55	2.69	6.92	1.83	2.54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.13	1.66	9.70	4.81	5.48
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.79	3.62	14.07	6.00	7.11
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.59	4.06	4.55
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.04	17.88	19.00
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.03	14.89	14.91
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.73	3.32	4.34
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.84	13.40	6.14	7.14
-- Not available. NOTE: The percentages in this table are based on national design-based estimates. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NORTHEAST REGION

Table 3 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the Northeast Region, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	5,694	335	1,574	3,785	5,359
Past Year Marijuana Use	7,656	524	2,313	4,819	7,132
Past Month Marijuana Use	4,915	275	1,467	3,172	4,640
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	11,793	936	677	10,180	10,858
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	575	207	269	99	368
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	1,564	87	420	1,056	1,476
Past Year Cocaine Use	1,114	18	406	690	1,096
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	33,101	2,212	3,481	27,407	30,889
Past Year Heroin Use	219	2	40	177	217
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	41,445	2,695	4,911	33,839	38,750
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	172	6	28	138	166
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	1,638	91	349	1,198	1,547
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	26,669	418	3,654	22,597	26,251
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	12,484	220	2,471	9,793	12,264
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	20,835	1,710	2,058	17,067	19,126
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,361	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	861	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	9,732	169	1,643	7,920	9,564
Past Month Cigarette Use	7,779	105	1,203	6,472	7,674
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	35,561	2,771	4,101	28,688	32,790
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,377	107	464	806	1,270
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	283	15	48	220	268
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	2,636	67	638	1,931	2,569
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	3,595	145	955	2,496	3,450
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1,243	99	413	731	1,143
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	2,492	65	617	1,810	2,427
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	3,300	139	895	2,267	3,161
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	442	1,411	1,853
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	1,570	6,570	8,141
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	1,007	6,043	7,050
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	614	1,162	1,776
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	497	762	2,210	2,972
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. NOTE: The Northeast region includes the following states: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NORTHEAST REGION

Table 4 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the Northeast Region, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.88	8.31	26.53	9.96	12.20
Past Year Marijuana Use	15.97	13.00	38.99	12.69	16.24
Past Month Marijuana Use	10.25	6.82	24.74	8.35	10.56
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.58	23.23	11.42	26.80	24.71
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.27	5.78	9.47	0.55	1.70
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.26	2.17	7.08	2.78	3.36
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.32	0.46	6.84	1.82	2.50
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	69.04	54.91	58.69	72.14	70.32
Past Year Heroin Use	0.46	0.05	0.68	0.47	0.50
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.46	66.88	82.80	89.07	88.22
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.36	0.15	0.48	0.36	0.38
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.42	2.27	5.88	3.15	3.52
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	55.62	10.37	61.60	59.48	59.77
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.04	5.45	41.66	25.78	27.92
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.45	42.43	34.70	44.93	43.54
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22.01	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.93	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.30	4.18	27.70	20.85	21.77
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.22	2.60	20.28	17.03	17.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	74.17	68.78	69.14	75.51	74.65
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.87	2.66	7.83	2.12	2.89
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.59	0.38	0.81	0.58	0.61
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.50	1.66	10.76	5.08	5.85
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.50	3.59	16.09	6.57	7.86
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.59	2.46	6.96	1.92	2.60
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.20	1.62	10.40	4.77	5.53
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.88	3.45	15.08	5.97	7.20
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.46	3.71	4.22
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.47	17.30	18.53
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.98	15.91	16.05
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.35	3.06	4.04
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.34	12.84	5.82	6.76
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: The Northeast region includes the following states: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MIDWEST REGION

Table 5 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the Midwest Region, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	6,286	419	1,733	4,135	5,868
Past Year Marijuana Use	8,561	666	2,530	5,364	7,895
Past Month Marijuana Use	5,364	343	1,591	3,430	5,021
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	12,825	1,187	740	10,897	11,637
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	727	270	338	119	457
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	1,907	129	501	1,276	1,778
Past Year Cocaine Use	1,100	27	416	657	1,073
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	40,280	2,824	4,479	32,977	37,456
Past Year Heroin Use	188	3	42	143	186
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	49,273	3,428	6,012	39,833	45,845
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	354	11	76	268	343
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	2,238	152	473	1,614	2,087
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	30,891	526	4,366	25,999	30,365
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	15,172	285	2,893	11,994	14,887
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	22,982	2,134	2,421	18,426	20,847
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,722	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,095	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	13,830	265	2,188	11,377	13,565
Past Month Cigarette Use	11,094	178	1,650	9,266	10,917
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	38,986	3,394	4,614	30,979	35,592
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,624	151	542	931	1,473
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	374	22	66	285	352
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	3,176	93	800	2,283	3,083
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	4,263	204	1,117	2,942	4,059
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1,450	139	499	813	1,311
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	3,026	91	763	2,172	2,935
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	3,913	194	1,055	2,664	3,719
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	594	1,948	2,543
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	2,000	8,297	10,298
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	1,267	7,444	8,710
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	839	1,572	2,411
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	781	1,038	2,984	4,022
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. NOTE: The Midwest region includes the following states: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MIDWEST REGION

Table 6 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the Midwest Region, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.01	7.90	23.80	9.29	11.32
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.99	12.58	34.75	12.05	15.24
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.39	6.47	21.85	7.70	9.69
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	22.45	22.42	10.17	24.47	22.45
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.31	5.61	8.94	0.52	1.71
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.34	2.44	6.89	2.87	3.43
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.93	0.50	5.72	1.48	2.07
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.55	53.32	61.52	74.06	72.29
Past Year Heroin Use	0.33	0.05	0.58	0.32	0.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.32	64.74	82.56	89.46	88.49
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.62	0.21	1.04	0.60	0.66
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.92	2.87	6.49	3.62	4.03
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	54.10	9.94	59.96	58.39	58.61
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.57	5.38	39.74	26.94	28.73
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	40.24	40.30	33.26	41.38	40.24
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.20	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.48	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.22	5.00	30.05	25.55	26.18
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.43	3.35	22.67	20.81	21.07
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.28	64.08	63.36	69.57	68.70
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.84	2.85	7.45	2.09	2.84
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.65	0.42	0.91	0.64	0.68
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.56	1.76	10.99	5.13	5.95
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.47	3.85	15.34	6.61	7.83
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.54	2.62	6.85	1.83	2.53
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.30	1.72	10.48	4.88	5.67
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.85	3.66	14.49	5.98	7.18
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.16	4.38	4.91
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.47	18.63	19.88
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.40	16.72	16.81
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.52	3.53	4.65
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.75	14.26	6.70	7.76
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: The Midwest region includes the following states: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

SOUTH REGION

Table 7 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the South Region, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9,896	696	2,673	6,526	9,199
Past Year Marijuana Use	13,323	1,077	3,848	8,398	12,246
Past Month Marijuana Use	8,205	567	2,411	5,227	7,638
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	29,834	2,505	1,808	25,520	27,328
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1,088	437	484	167	651
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3,254	229	786	2,240	3,025
Past Year Cocaine Use	1,821	41	623	1,157	1,780
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	77,932	5,447	8,665	63,821	72,485
Past Year Heroin Use	280	5	66	209	275
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	90,481	6,356	10,696	73,429	84,125
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	620	18	116	485	602
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4,041	298	831	2,911	3,742
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49,131	880	6,550	41,701	48,251
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23,674	455	4,081	19,138	23,219
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	48,531	4,381	5,211	38,940	44,151
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	2,551	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,473	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24,603	484	3,696	20,424	24,120
Past Month Cigarette Use	19,541	310	2,773	16,457	19,230
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	73,537	6,336	8,485	58,717	67,202
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2,779	261	891	1,627	2,518
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	646	37	117	493	610
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4,955	144	1,115	3,696	4,811
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6,916	350	1,730	4,836	6,566
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2,424	247	836	1,341	2,177
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4,750	144	1,084	3,522	4,606
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6,400	328	1,637	4,436	6,073
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	902	3,245	4,147
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	3,079	13,916	16,994
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	1,727	11,209	12,936
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	1,302	2,570	3,872
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	1,293	1,598	4,767	6,365
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. NOTE: The South region includes the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

SOUTH REGION

Table 8 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the South Region, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.60	7.24	20.94	8.08	9.84
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.92	11.20	30.14	10.40	13.10
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.96	5.89	18.89	6.47	8.17
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	28.92	26.05	14.16	31.61	29.21
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.76	4.93	6.72	0.38	1.24
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.16	2.38	6.15	2.77	3.24
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.77	0.42	4.88	1.43	1.90
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	75.59	56.63	67.87	79.05	77.52
Past Year Heroin Use	0.27	0.05	0.52	0.26	0.29
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.78	66.09	83.78	90.96	89.97
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.60	0.19	0.91	0.60	0.64
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.92	3.10	6.51	3.61	4.00
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	47.65	9.15	51.31	51.65	51.61
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.96	4.73	31.97	23.71	24.83
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	47.06	45.55	40.81	48.23	47.22
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.54	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.13	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	23.86	5.03	28.95	25.30	25.80
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.95	3.22	21.72	20.39	20.57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.32	65.87	66.46	72.73	71.87
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.70	2.72	6.98	2.01	2.69
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.63	0.38	0.92	0.61	0.65
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.81	1.50	8.73	4.58	5.15
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.71	3.64	13.55	5.99	7.02
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.35	2.56	6.55	1.66	2.33
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.61	1.50	8.49	4.36	4.93
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.21	3.41	12.82	5.49	6.50
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.07	4.02	4.44
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.11	17.24	18.18
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.53	13.89	13.84
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.20	3.18	4.14
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.44	12.51	5.91	6.80
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: The South region includes the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WEST REGION

Table 9 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the West Region, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9,322	534	2,236	6,552	8,788
Past Year Marijuana Use	12,671	834	3,202	8,635	11,837
Past Month Marijuana Use	8,349	451	2,090	5,808	7,898
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	15,275	1,254	923	13,098	14,021
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	927	315	394	217	612
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2,282	151	536	1,595	2,131
Past Year Cocaine Use	1,701	34	602	1,065	1,667
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	43,153	3,203	4,842	35,108	39,950
Past Year Heroin Use	160	3	37	120	157
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	54,222	3,820	6,588	43,815	50,403
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	604	10	104	489	593
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	2,596	189	507	1,899	2,406
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	33,523	525	4,474	28,524	32,998
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	15,517	280	2,818	12,420	15,238
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	29,882	2,589	3,190	24,103	27,293
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,660	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	990	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	11,757	217	1,855	9,685	11,540
Past Month Cigarette Use	9,409	137	1,457	7,815	9,272
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	47,674	4,014	5,708	37,952	43,659
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2,039	192	657	1,190	1,847
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	383	27	62	293	356
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	3,894	118	881	2,895	3,776
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	5,206	255	1,295	3,655	4,950
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1,842	186	618	1,037	1,656
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	3,744	113	851	2,780	3,631
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	4,917	242	1,221	3,454	4,675
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	654	2,084	2,738
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	2,247	9,452	11,700
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	1,137	7,139	8,276
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	914	1,798	2,712
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	879	1,183	3,166	4,349
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. NOTE: The West region includes the following states: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WEST REGION

Table 10 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the West Region, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	14.39	8.93	27.29	12.95	14.95
Past Year Marijuana Use	19.57	13.96	39.08	17.07	20.14
Past Month Marijuana Use	12.89	7.55	25.51	11.48	13.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.58	20.99	11.26	25.89	23.84
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.71	6.17	9.76	0.83	2.08
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.52	2.53	6.54	3.15	3.63
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.63	0.56	7.35	2.11	2.84
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	66.65	53.60	59.11	69.40	67.96
Past Year Heroin Use	0.25	0.05	0.45	0.24	0.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.76	63.91	80.42	86.61	85.74
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.93	0.17	1.27	0.97	1.01
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.01	3.17	6.19	3.75	4.09
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.76	8.78	54.62	56.38	56.13
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.96	4.68	34.40	24.55	25.92
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.14	43.32	38.95	47.64	46.43
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.35	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.94	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	18.16	3.63	22.64	19.15	19.63
Past Month Cigarette Use	14.53	2.30	17.79	15.45	15.77
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	73.62	67.17	69.68	75.02	74.27
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.15	3.21	8.02	2.35	3.14
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.59	0.46	0.76	0.58	0.60
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.01	1.97	10.76	5.72	6.42
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.04	4.27	15.81	7.22	8.42
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.84	3.12	7.54	2.05	2.82
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.78	1.89	10.39	5.49	6.18
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.59	4.05	14.91	6.83	7.95
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.98	4.12	4.66
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.44	18.68	19.90
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.88	14.11	14.08
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.15	3.55	4.61
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.71	14.44	6.26	7.39
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: The West region includes the following states: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ALABAMA

Table 11 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Alabama, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	439	29	108	302	410
Past Year Marijuana Use	514	38	138	338	476
Past Month Marijuana Use	339	23	95	221	316
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,114	102	68	944	1,012
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	40	14	19	7	26
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	143	11	31	101	132
Past Year Cocaine Use	69	1	23	45	68
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,104	210	357	2,536	2,893
Past Year Heroin Use	13	0	3	11	13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,612	252	434	2,925	3,359
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	46	1	8	36	44
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	192	16	38	138	176
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,812	35	250	1,528	1,778
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	937	18	151	768	919
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,789	154	193	1,442	1,634
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	115	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	66	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,216	27	172	1,017	1,189
Past Month Cigarette Use	987	18	131	838	969
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,802	237	331	2,234	2,565
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	128	10	42	76	118
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	31	2	6	24	30
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	191	6	40	145	185
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	290	14	66	211	277
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	107	9	39	59	98
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	187	6	39	142	181
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	264	13	67	185	252
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	37	177	214
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	124	670	794
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	68	524	593
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	56	110	165
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	49	59	252	311
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ALABAMA

Table 12 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Alabama, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.74	7.77	21.12	9.43	11.04
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.59	10.24	27.09	10.55	12.82
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.31	6.18	18.67	6.91	8.53
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	27.27	27.31	13.33	29.50	27.26
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.59	4.06	6.06	0.37	1.19
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.50	2.88	6.07	3.17	3.57
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.69	0.38	4.49	1.40	1.83
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	76.00	56.39	70.04	79.22	77.95
Past Year Heroin Use	0.33	0.05	0.52	0.33	0.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.45	67.59	85.17	91.36	90.51
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.11	0.33	1.59	1.13	1.19
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.70	4.19	7.54	4.30	4.75
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	44.36	9.25	49.01	47.71	47.89
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.94	4.76	29.59	24.00	24.77
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.79	41.41	37.77	45.03	44.03
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.85	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.91	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	29.78	7.34	33.79	31.75	32.03
Past Month Cigarette Use	24.16	4.91	25.60	26.18	26.10
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.61	63.60	64.92	69.77	69.10
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.14	2.73	8.20	2.38	3.18
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.77	0.44	1.12	0.75	0.80
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.69	1.58	7.91	4.53	5.00
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.11	3.63	12.97	6.58	7.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.62	2.46	7.73	1.83	2.64
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.58	1.63	7.73	4.42	4.88
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.47	3.35	13.09	5.78	6.78
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.17	5.53	5.75
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.24	20.93	21.39
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.39	16.38	15.97
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.90	3.43	4.45
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.13	11.59	7.86	8.37
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ALASKA

Table 13 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Alaska, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	106	5	20	80	100
Past Year Marijuana Use	139	10	29	101	129
Past Month Marijuana Use	97	5	19	73	92
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	99	11	7	82	89
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	9	4	3	2	5
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	20	1	4	14	19
Past Year Cocaine Use	13	0	4	9	13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	379	32	44	303	347
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	0	3	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	480	37	59	384	443
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	6	0	1	5	5
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	27	2	5	21	26
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	304	5	39	259	298
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	136	3	25	108	133
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	250	24	26	199	226
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	141	4	22	115	137
Past Month Cigarette Use	101	3	16	82	98
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	403	37	45	321	365
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	20	2	6	12	18
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	3	0	1	3	3
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	40	1	9	30	39
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	54	3	13	38	51
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	18	2	6	10	16
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	37	1	9	27	36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	49	3	11	35	46
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7	22	28
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	21	87	108
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	10	64	74
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10	21	31
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	9	10	32	42
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ALASKA

Table 14 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Alaska, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	18.05	9.19	27.48	17.66	19.02
Past Year Marijuana Use	23.72	16.42	39.30	22.14	24.52
Past Month Marijuana Use	16.56	7.88	26.27	16.10	17.51
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	16.93	18.39	9.49	17.96	16.76
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.39	7.80	8.50	1.14	2.35
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.40	2.16	5.82	3.16	3.53
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.19	0.45	5.09	1.95	2.38
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	64.75	54.49	60.11	66.79	65.85
Past Year Heroin Use	0.52	0.07	0.65	0.56	0.57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	82.02	63.73	80.10	84.63	84.00
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.96	0.24	1.03	1.04	1.04
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.64	2.83	6.34	4.60	4.84
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.83	8.96	53.85	56.99	56.56
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.18	4.85	33.54	23.86	25.20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	42.61	41.25	35.95	43.86	42.76
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.67	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.63	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.12	7.45	29.83	25.34	25.96
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.24	4.32	22.21	18.09	18.66
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.75	64.26	61.10	70.56	69.24
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.44	3.49	7.95	2.71	3.44
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.58	0.48	0.76	0.56	0.59
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.88	2.07	12.73	6.56	7.41
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	9.22	4.37	17.91	8.44	9.76
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.01	3.22	7.68	2.23	2.99
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.27	1.94	11.65	5.95	6.74
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.36	4.33	15.60	7.71	8.80
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.96	4.83	5.40
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28.47	19.22	20.50
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.75	14.05	14.01
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	13.92	4.55	5.85
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.21	14.25	7.05	8.05
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ARIZONA

Table 15 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Arizona, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	736	41	167	528	695
Past Year Marijuana Use	987	67	244	677	921
Past Month Marijuana Use	646	35	159	452	611
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,485	122	108	1,255	1,363
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	77	25	31	21	52
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	183	12	39	131	171
Past Year Cocaine Use	116	3	42	72	113
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	4,169	315	484	3,371	3,855
Past Year Heroin Use	15	0	5	10	15
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	5,157	374	637	4,145	4,783
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	75	1	14	60	74
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	241	17	50	174	224
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,953	47	373	2,533	2,905
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,360	26	238	1,095	1,333
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,664	239	307	2,119	2,425
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	149	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	90	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,239	18	194	1,026	1,220
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,006	12	153	841	994
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	4,173	366	515	3,293	3,808
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	163	15	54	94	148
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	38	2	7	29	35
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	316	10	74	231	305
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	417	23	108	286	394
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	140	15	50	75	125
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	302	10	74	218	292
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	393	21	102	271	372
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	61	196	257
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	185	845	1,030
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	90	705	795
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	82	156	237
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	89	100	284	383
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ARIZONA

Table 16 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Arizona, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	12.46	7.42	22.20	11.47	12.98
Past Year Marijuana Use	16.71	11.97	32.34	14.72	17.20
Past Month Marijuana Use	10.93	6.28	21.07	9.83	11.41
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.12	21.99	14.30	27.28	25.44
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.38	5.11	7.78	0.87	1.88
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.09	2.12	5.24	2.86	3.19
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.97	0.55	5.51	1.56	2.12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.57	56.54	64.18	73.29	72.00
Past Year Heroin Use	0.25	0.05	0.63	0.22	0.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.29	67.26	84.55	90.13	89.34
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.27	0.20	1.87	1.30	1.38
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.08	3.02	6.64	3.79	4.19
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49.96	8.48	49.43	55.07	54.27
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.01	4.74	31.62	23.81	24.91
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	45.08	42.92	40.66	46.07	45.30
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.19	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.30	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.96	3.29	25.73	22.31	22.80
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.03	2.22	20.34	18.28	18.57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	70.63	65.75	68.28	71.60	71.13
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.76	2.69	7.15	2.04	2.76
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.64	0.44	0.87	0.62	0.66
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.34	1.83	9.87	5.02	5.70
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.05	4.08	14.33	6.22	7.36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.37	2.69	6.63	1.63	2.34
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.12	1.80	9.84	4.74	5.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.65	3.76	13.50	5.88	6.96
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.05	4.27	4.80
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.56	18.37	19.24
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.95	15.34	14.86
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.87	3.38	4.43
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.93	13.22	6.17	7.16
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ARKANSAS

Table 17 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Arkansas, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	266	16	59	191	250
Past Year Marijuana Use	333	27	84	222	306
Past Month Marijuana Use	214	13	51	150	201
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	691	59	43	588	632
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	24	11	10	3	13
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	90	6	20	64	84
Past Year Cocaine Use	35	1	12	22	34
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,932	134	225	1,574	1,798
Past Year Heroin Use	6	0	2	4	6
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,178	153	260	1,765	2,024
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	22	1	5	17	22
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	116	10	24	82	106
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,011	21	150	840	991
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	496	11	95	390	485
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,104	102	113	889	1,001
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	62	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	37	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	765	18	102	644	747
Past Month Cigarette Use	603	12	78	513	591
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,674	144	200	1,329	1,529
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	76	7	24	45	69
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	18	1	3	13	17
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	132	5	29	98	127
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	190	10	45	136	181
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	64	6	22	36	58
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	125	5	28	91	120
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	169	9	43	117	160
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23	101	125
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	81	376	457
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	48	336	384
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	34	72	106
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	35	44	142	186
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ARKANSAS

Table 18 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Arkansas, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.69	6.75	18.76	9.87	11.11
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.40	11.38	26.85	11.46	13.61
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.60	5.62	16.20	7.73	8.91
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	27.75	25.07	13.78	30.36	28.03
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.63	5.01	5.92	0.29	1.08
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.61	2.56	6.43	3.29	3.72
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.40	0.48	3.73	1.13	1.49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	77.64	56.51	71.41	81.21	79.84
Past Year Heroin Use	0.24	0.06	0.58	0.21	0.26
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.54	64.83	82.58	91.08	89.89
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.89	0.31	1.55	0.86	0.96
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.64	4.15	7.51	4.24	4.69
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	40.63	8.68	47.80	43.37	43.99
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	19.95	4.84	30.30	20.12	21.54
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	44.35	43.28	35.84	45.86	44.46
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.84	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.09	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	30.72	7.53	32.52	33.26	33.16
Past Month Cigarette Use	24.22	5.02	24.79	26.48	26.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.25	61.04	63.58	68.60	67.90
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.06	3.09	7.61	2.32	3.06
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.71	0.41	1.08	0.69	0.74
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.31	2.04	9.27	5.06	5.65
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.65	4.11	14.33	6.99	8.02
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.57	2.68	6.99	1.84	2.56
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.00	1.96	9.06	4.72	5.32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.79	3.74	13.84	6.02	7.11
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.47	5.24	5.55
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.64	19.40	20.27
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.29	17.35	17.06
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.80	3.72	4.71
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.74	13.94	7.32	8.24
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

CALIFORNIA

Table 19 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in California, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	4,443	258	1,140	3,045	4,185
Past Year Marijuana Use	6,091	418	1,668	4,005	5,672
Past Month Marijuana Use	3,955	213	1,065	2,676	3,742
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	8,669	669	509	7,492	8,000
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	468	169	204	96	300
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	1,163	75	264	824	1,088
Past Year Cocaine Use	927	15	326	585	912
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	22,015	1,620	2,533	17,861	20,395
Past Year Heroin Use	61	1	13	47	60
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	27,570	1,920	3,429	22,222	25,650
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	293	4	43	245	288
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	1,260	99	240	922	1,161
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	17,110	252	2,346	14,513	16,858
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	8,084	131	1,476	6,477	7,953
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	16,038	1,369	1,731	12,937	14,668
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	837	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	500	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	4,996	83	797	4,116	4,914
Past Month Cigarette Use	3,990	47	617	3,326	3,943
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	24,961	2,071	3,077	19,813	22,890
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	977	94	317	566	883
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	172	14	26	132	158
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	1,948	56	437	1,455	1,892
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	2,559	122	637	1,800	2,437
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	907	94	297	516	813
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	1,889	54	419	1,416	1,835
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	2,458	119	600	1,740	2,339
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	314	929	1,243
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	1,128	4,438	5,566
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	510	3,089	3,599
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	435	797	1,232
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	415	591	1,428	2,019
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

CALIFORNIA

Table 20 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in California, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	13.44	8.53	26.81	11.82	13.94
Past Year Marijuana Use	18.43	13.82	39.23	15.54	18.89
Past Month Marijuana Use	11.97	7.05	25.06	10.39	12.46
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	26.22	22.11	11.97	29.07	26.63
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.56	6.40	9.59	0.68	1.90
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.52	2.47	6.21	3.20	3.62
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.80	0.51	7.68	2.27	3.04
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	66.63	53.54	59.60	69.31	67.93
Past Year Heroin Use	0.18	0.03	0.31	0.18	0.20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.46	63.44	80.65	86.23	85.44
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.89	0.14	1.01	0.95	0.96
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.81	3.27	5.63	3.58	3.87
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.77	8.33	55.18	56.32	56.15
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.46	4.33	34.71	25.14	26.49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	48.53	45.25	40.72	50.20	48.86
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.09	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.81	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	15.12	2.73	18.76	15.97	16.37
Past Month Cigarette Use	12.07	1.54	14.52	12.91	13.13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	75.54	68.43	72.39	76.88	76.25
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.96	3.10	7.45	2.20	2.94
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.52	0.47	0.61	0.51	0.53
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.89	1.85	10.28	5.65	6.30
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.74	4.04	14.99	6.98	8.12
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.74	3.10	7.00	2.00	2.71
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.71	1.78	9.86	5.49	6.11
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.44	3.92	14.10	6.75	7.79
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.39	3.60	4.14
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.53	17.22	18.54
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.99	11.99	11.99
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.23	3.09	4.10
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.71	13.91	5.54	6.72
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

COLORADO

Table 21 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Colorado, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	928	47	214	668	881
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,266	73	289	904	1,193
Past Month Marijuana Use	819	40	195	584	779
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	793	69	39	685	725
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	70	25	29	15	45
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	220	13	59	148	207
Past Year Cocaine Use	181	3	68	109	177
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,970	226	311	2,432	2,744
Past Year Heroin Use	16	0	4	12	16
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,968	273	476	3,220	3,695
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	46	1	9	36	46
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	217	13	44	160	204
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,905	45	382	2,478	2,859
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,420	25	245	1,149	1,395
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,047	181	208	1,659	1,867
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	135	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	85	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,012	21	175	816	991
Past Month Cigarette Use	808	16	141	652	793
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,476	282	401	2,792	3,194
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	223	17	74	131	205
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	32	2	7	24	30
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	394	10	89	296	384
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	533	22	136	375	511
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	200	16	72	112	184
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	371	9	84	278	362
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	504	20	130	353	484
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	58	184	242
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	185	739	924
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	113	629	742
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	78	159	237
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	60	103	264	368
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

COLORADO

Table 22 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Colorado, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	19.64	10.92	36.37	18.00	20.51
Past Year Marijuana Use	26.78	16.93	49.23	24.37	27.77
Past Month Marijuana Use	17.33	9.39	33.21	15.73	18.12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	16.77	15.92	6.71	18.48	16.85
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.85	7.65	13.09	1.32	3.01
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	4.65	2.92	10.02	4.00	4.82
Past Year Cocaine Use	3.82	0.78	11.64	2.94	4.13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	62.84	52.47	52.99	65.59	63.86
Past Year Heroin Use	0.35	0.05	0.75	0.32	0.38
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.98	63.36	80.97	86.82	86.02
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.98	0.18	1.57	0.98	1.06
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.59	3.02	7.46	4.32	4.75
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	61.45	10.54	64.98	66.81	66.56
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	30.04	5.84	41.79	30.99	32.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.31	41.98	35.34	44.73	43.45
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.70	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.59	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.42	4.86	29.83	22.01	23.08
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.10	3.61	24.00	17.57	18.45
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	73.55	65.62	68.31	75.30	74.34
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	4.71	4.00	12.63	3.54	4.78
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.68	0.38	1.14	0.64	0.71
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	8.34	2.27	15.10	7.97	8.94
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	11.28	5.12	23.18	10.11	11.90
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	4.23	3.71	12.28	3.01	4.28
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	7.86	2.11	14.30	7.50	8.43
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	10.66	4.69	22.20	9.53	11.26
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9.89	4.97	5.64
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	31.44	19.92	21.50
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	19.18	16.97	17.27
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	13.33	4.28	5.51
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.99	17.61	7.13	8.56
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

CONNECTICUT

Table 23 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Connecticut, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	439	28	127	284	411
Past Year Marijuana Use	565	44	180	342	522
Past Month Marijuana Use	370	23	117	230	347
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	623	56	36	531	566
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	43	18	18	8	26
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	112	6	31	75	106
Past Year Cocaine Use	63	1	24	38	62
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,097	157	223	1,717	1,940
Past Year Heroin Use	12	0	2	10	12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,686	187	329	2,170	2,499
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	10	0	1	8	9
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	114	6	27	81	108
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,903	34	265	1,604	1,869
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	894	17	182	695	877
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,322	119	129	1,074	1,203
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	111	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	70	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	605	9	106	489	595
Past Month Cigarette Use	462	5	76	380	457
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,303	187	277	1,838	2,116
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	98	8	37	53	91
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	18	1	3	13	17
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	184	5	47	131	178
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	257	11	77	170	246
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	90	7	34	49	83
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	169	5	44	121	164
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	231	10	71	150	221
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	32	89	121
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	109	422	531
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	70	410	480
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	45	80	125
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	39	53	143	196
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

CONNECTICUT

Table 24 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Connecticut, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	14.34	10.45	32.64	11.83	14.71
Past Year Marijuana Use	18.45	16.09	46.38	14.22	18.68
Past Month Marijuana Use	12.06	8.35	30.08	9.58	12.42
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	20.30	20.60	9.25	22.06	20.27
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.21	8.08	11.55	0.84	2.27
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.65	2.28	7.89	3.12	3.78
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.05	0.41	6.17	1.58	2.21
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.42	57.63	57.46	71.39	69.45
Past Year Heroin Use	0.39	0.04	0.61	0.40	0.43
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.67	68.82	84.79	90.23	89.47
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.32	0.13	0.34	0.34	0.34
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.73	2.34	7.04	3.35	3.86
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	62.10	12.60	68.43	66.68	66.92
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	29.17	6.20	46.97	28.90	31.41
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.12	43.58	33.35	44.65	43.08
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	26.18	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.62	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	19.72	3.45	27.33	20.34	21.31
Past Month Cigarette Use	15.06	1.83	19.67	15.81	16.35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	75.13	68.78	71.55	76.42	75.75
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.21	2.83	9.66	2.21	3.25
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.58	0.37	0.88	0.56	0.60
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.99	1.93	12.13	5.46	6.39
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.38	3.86	19.82	7.05	8.82
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.95	2.58	8.72	2.06	2.98
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.53	1.80	11.29	5.02	5.89
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.52	3.52	18.27	6.25	7.92
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.31	3.70	4.34
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28.12	17.56	19.03
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.96	17.06	17.19
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.73	3.32	4.48
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.24	13.69	5.94	7.02
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

DELAWARE

Table 25 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Delaware, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	107	7	27	73	100
Past Year Marijuana Use	139	10	39	91	130
Past Month Marijuana Use	91	6	25	60	85
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	176	15	10	151	161
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	10	4	4	2	6
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	28	1	6	21	27
Past Year Cocaine Use	18	0	6	11	18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	580	39	60	481	541
Past Year Heroin Use	7	0	1	6	7
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	713	46	79	588	667
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	6	0	1	5	6
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	31	2	6	22	29
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	431	7	53	372	425
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	191	3	35	153	188
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	345	30	36	279	315
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	192	3	26	163	189
Past Month Cigarette Use	155	2	19	133	153
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	583	47	66	470	536
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	28	2	8	17	25
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	6	0	1	5	6
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	50	1	10	40	49
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	68	3	15	50	65
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	23	2	7	14	21
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	48	1	10	37	47
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	60	3	14	44	58
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7	35	42
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26	123	149
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16	114	130
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10	28	38
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	9	13	47	60
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

DELAWARE

Table 26 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Delaware, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	13.13	9.90	28.48	11.25	13.43
Past Year Marijuana Use	17.11	14.03	41.09	13.97	17.40
Past Month Marijuana Use	11.16	8.19	26.72	9.22	11.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	21.60	22.00	10.54	23.17	21.57
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.30	6.72	8.30	0.63	1.57
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.46	2.15	6.19	3.20	3.58
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.20	0.37	6.88	1.72	2.37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.15	56.12	63.81	73.80	72.53
Past Year Heroin Use	0.84	0.07	1.12	0.88	0.91
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.47	66.23	83.96	90.20	89.41
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.70	0.19	0.85	0.73	0.74
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.77	2.79	6.85	3.43	3.87
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	52.91	9.43	56.41	57.02	56.95
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.48	4.87	37.25	23.46	25.21
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	42.31	43.34	38.30	42.78	42.21
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.72	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.20	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	23.59	4.94	27.40	25.02	25.32
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.99	2.81	20.65	20.47	20.50
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.54	67.52	70.30	72.14	71.91
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.38	3.32	8.42	2.65	3.38
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.72	0.41	0.88	0.74	0.75
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.19	1.56	10.38	6.07	6.62
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.37	4.15	16.02	7.71	8.76
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.85	3.06	7.56	2.15	2.83
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.89	1.50	10.17	5.73	6.29
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.41	3.74	14.69	6.75	7.76
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.72	5.35	5.65
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28.10	18.86	20.03
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.46	17.44	17.44
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.84	4.22	5.06
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.05	13.49	7.25	8.03
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Table 27 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the District of Columbia, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	118	3	31	84	115
Past Year Marijuana Use	157	5	45	106	152
Past Month Marijuana Use	99	3	28	68	96
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	92	6	7	79	86
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	8	2	4	2	6
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	32	1	7	24	31
Past Year Cocaine Use	27	0	6	20	27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	349	18	47	284	331
Past Year Heroin Use	2	0	0	2	2
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	475	21	68	386	454
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	2	0	0	2	2
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	25	1	5	19	24
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	396	3	62	331	393
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	219	1	47	170	217
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	257	16	32	209	241
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	8	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	134	1	23	109	132
Past Month Cigarette Use	113	1	19	93	112
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	450	21	63	366	429
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	29	1	9	19	27
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	4	0	1	4	4
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	60	1	12	47	59
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	75	2	16	57	73
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	25	1	8	16	24
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	54	1	11	42	53
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	65	2	15	48	64
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6	21	27
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24	101	125
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14	85	99
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	8	16	23
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	3	12	35	46
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Table 28 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the District of Columbia, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	19.91	10.51	35.08	17.75	20.44
Past Year Marijuana Use	26.47	16.41	51.93	22.44	27.03
Past Month Marijuana Use	16.63	8.47	32.49	14.25	17.09
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	15.49	18.94	8.23	16.61	15.29
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	4.17	9.03	13.31	1.53	3.51
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	5.36	2.75	8.37	4.98	5.50
Past Year Cocaine Use	4.51	0.26	7.40	4.26	4.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	58.90	57.93	53.44	59.94	58.93
Past Year Heroin Use	0.41	0.02	0.36	0.45	0.43
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	80.07	65.32	77.60	81.47	80.86
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.38	0.06	0.27	0.42	0.39
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.20	3.78	5.30	4.02	4.22
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	66.67	8.74	70.80	69.78	69.93
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	36.83	4.34	53.39	35.95	38.66
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.23	49.35	36.90	44.00	42.89
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23.27	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.75	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	22.57	4.64	26.82	22.98	23.58
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.01	2.43	21.48	19.66	19.94
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	75.83	65.31	71.83	77.26	76.42
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	4.83	4.22	9.83	3.95	4.86
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.73	0.47	0.62	0.77	0.75
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	10.10	1.89	13.67	9.99	10.57
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	12.60	5.42	18.80	11.94	13.01
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	4.17	3.71	8.71	3.36	4.20
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	9.05	1.75	13.00	8.81	9.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	11.00	5.41	17.51	10.18	11.32
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.85	4.44	4.82
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.02	21.32	22.21
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.63	18.03	17.65
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.01	3.28	4.17
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	10.53	13.17	7.35	8.25
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

FLORIDA

Table 29 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Florida, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,931	119	481	1,331	1,812
Past Year Marijuana Use	2,587	186	678	1,722	2,400
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,674	101	449	1,124	1,573
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	5,467	361	267	4,839	5,106
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	184	72	82	29	112
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	569	36	118	416	534
Past Year Cocaine Use	361	7	119	235	354
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	13,813	798	1,309	11,706	13,014
Past Year Heroin Use	52	1	11	40	51
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	16,133	945	1,647	13,541	15,188
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	83	2	11	70	81
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	772	43	114	615	729
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	9,157	145	1,028	7,984	9,012
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	4,130	74	634	3,423	4,056
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	8,768	654	825	7,288	8,113
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	430	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	242	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	3,633	65	463	3,105	3,568
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,948	41	331	2,576	2,907
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	13,712	999	1,409	11,304	12,713
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	522	49	149	324	473
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	144	6	19	119	138
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	816	22	162	632	794
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,171	62	268	841	1,109
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	453	46	138	269	407
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	789	22	158	608	766
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	1,098	58	252	788	1,040
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	139	509	648
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	478	2,411	2,889
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	265	1,793	2,058
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	199	411	610
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	189	242	779	1,021
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

FLORIDA

Table 30 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Florida, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.71	8.35	24.51	9.08	10.91
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.34	13.01	34.58	11.75	14.45
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.28	7.06	22.88	7.67	9.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	30.28	25.19	13.61	33.02	30.71
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.72	5.51	7.75	0.38	1.20
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.16	2.49	6.00	2.84	3.21
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.00	0.48	6.08	1.60	2.13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	76.53	55.75	66.73	79.87	78.30
Past Year Heroin Use	0.29	0.06	0.56	0.27	0.30
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	89.41	66.03	83.96	92.39	91.39
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.46	0.15	0.59	0.48	0.49
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.28	3.03	5.81	4.19	4.39
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.74	10.12	52.42	54.48	54.24
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.89	5.17	32.30	23.35	24.42
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	48.58	45.69	42.06	49.73	48.82
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.24	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.80	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.13	4.55	23.61	21.18	21.47
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.34	2.85	16.87	17.58	17.50
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	75.97	69.76	71.85	77.13	76.50
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.89	3.40	7.59	2.21	2.85
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.80	0.43	0.94	0.81	0.83
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.52	1.55	8.28	4.31	4.78
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.49	4.34	13.66	5.74	6.68
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.51	3.21	7.04	1.83	2.45
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.37	1.57	8.06	4.15	4.61
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.09	4.06	12.87	5.38	6.26
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.09	3.47	3.90
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.38	16.45	17.39
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.51	12.23	12.39
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.16	2.80	3.67
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.17	12.33	5.31	6.14
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

GEORGIA

Table 31 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Georgia, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	821	60	240	521	761
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,166	101	342	724	1,065
Past Month Marijuana Use	710	52	223	435	658
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,554	247	156	2,151	2,307
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	96	42	40	13	53
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	264	18	61	185	246
Past Year Cocaine Use	157	3	51	103	154
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	6,672	540	748	5,384	6,132
Past Year Heroin Use	14	0	4	10	14
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	7,669	599	930	6,140	7,070
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	44	2	7	35	42
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	317	24	77	215	292
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	4,060	72	528	3,460	3,988
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,864	37	316	1,511	1,827
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	4,311	445	464	3,402	3,867
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	205	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	116	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,009	38	321	1,650	1,971
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,534	24	224	1,286	1,510
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	6,146	577	731	4,839	5,569
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	239	21	81	136	218
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	48	3	10	34	45
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	389	12	89	289	377
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	554	28	142	384	526
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	215	21	79	115	194
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	367	12	83	273	355
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	520	26	136	358	494
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	73	263	336
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	270	1,134	1,405
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	140	869	1,009
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	105	209	314
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	108	151	401	551
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

GEORGIA

Table 32 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Georgia, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.51	6.89	21.74	7.82	9.80
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.50	11.61	30.91	10.86	13.71
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.23	6.05	20.18	6.53	8.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	29.57	28.56	14.10	32.29	29.69
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.84	5.30	6.31	0.35	1.22
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.06	2.07	5.55	2.77	3.17
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.82	0.34	4.64	1.54	1.98
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	77.30	62.35	67.64	80.83	78.95
Past Year Heroin Use	0.17	0.03	0.35	0.15	0.18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.87	69.15	84.17	92.17	91.03
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.50	0.19	0.60	0.53	0.54
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.67	2.82	6.99	3.22	3.76
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	47.03	8.34	47.78	51.94	51.35
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	21.59	4.28	28.63	22.68	23.53
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	49.94	51.35	42.00	51.08	49.78
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.95	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.05	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	23.27	4.36	29.03	24.78	25.38
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.77	2.72	20.28	19.31	19.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.19	66.57	66.11	72.63	71.71
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.77	2.47	7.37	2.04	2.80
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.55	0.33	0.93	0.52	0.58
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.50	1.33	8.03	4.33	4.86
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.41	3.20	12.84	5.77	6.77
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.49	2.39	7.16	1.73	2.50
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.25	1.35	7.50	4.09	4.58
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.02	3.00	12.32	5.38	6.36
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.64	3.94	4.33
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.46	17.03	18.09
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	12.64	13.05	12.99
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.49	3.13	4.03
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.52	13.65	6.01	7.09
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

HAWAII

Table 33 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Hawaii, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	119	6	23	89	112
Past Year Marijuana Use	165	11	35	120	155
Past Month Marijuana Use	102	5	21	76	97
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	302	20	14	267	281
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	10	4	5	1	6
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	33	2	8	23	30
Past Year Cocaine Use	24	0	7	16	24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	795	53	79	663	742
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	0	3	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	958	60	100	798	898
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	11	0	1	10	11
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	36	2	7	27	34
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	547	7	69	471	540
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	264	4	44	216	260
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	512	42	51	420	471
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	187	3	28	156	184
Past Month Cigarette Use	152	2	25	125	150
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	829	62	83	684	768
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	29	3	8	18	26
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	6	0	1	4	5
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	61	2	14	45	59
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	80	4	19	57	76
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	25	3	7	15	23
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	60	2	14	44	58
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	75	4	18	53	71
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	10	31	41
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	31	156	187
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15	106	121
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	15	34	49
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12	15	51	66
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

HAWAII

Table 34 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Hawaii, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.26	6.50	18.62	9.52	10.60
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.29	11.20	28.28	12.73	14.56
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.80	5.31	16.70	8.09	9.11
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	26.02	21.40	11.57	28.42	26.43
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.02	6.09	7.71	0.51	1.39
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.82	2.24	6.23	2.42	2.87
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.10	0.35	6.02	1.75	2.25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.63	55.47	63.84	70.60	69.79
Past Year Heroin Use	0.27	0.06	0.38	0.27	0.29
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	82.74	62.99	80.47	85.01	84.47
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.96	0.18	0.91	1.05	1.03
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.13	2.28	5.93	2.85	3.21
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	47.23	7.18	55.53	50.19	50.83
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.79	3.95	35.76	22.97	24.48
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	44.24	43.70	40.82	44.74	44.28
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.88	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.98	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	16.12	2.76	22.25	16.65	17.31
Past Month Cigarette Use	13.11	2.18	19.77	13.32	14.08
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.62	64.70	67.19	72.90	72.23
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.49	2.89	6.60	1.91	2.46
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.49	0.52	0.52	0.48	0.48
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.27	2.19	11.60	4.74	5.55
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.88	4.04	15.46	6.02	7.13
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.19	2.80	5.81	1.65	2.14
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.21	2.10	11.37	4.70	5.49
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.47	4.04	14.59	5.64	6.69
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.07	3.34	3.89
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.02	16.59	17.58
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	12.36	11.30	11.43
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.09	3.60	4.59
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.93	11.82	5.48	6.22
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

IDAHO

Table 35 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Idaho, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	134	11	32	91	123
Past Year Marijuana Use	196	19	51	126	177
Past Month Marijuana Use	117	10	30	78	107
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	359	38	22	299	321
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	15	7	7	1	8
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	38	4	9	25	34
Past Year Cocaine Use	19	1	7	11	19
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,013	83	118	813	931
Past Year Heroin Use	4	0	1	3	4
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,221	101	148	973	1,120
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	11	0	2	9	11
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	64	5	10	48	58
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	644	12	85	547	632
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	308	7	55	247	301
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	623	63	63	497	560
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	30	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	309	8	51	250	301
Past Month Cigarette Use	245	6	42	197	239
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,007	103	112	792	904
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	35	4	10	21	31
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	12	1	2	9	11
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	78	3	18	57	75
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	105	6	23	75	99
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	28	4	9	15	24
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	75	3	17	55	72
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	95	6	22	67	89
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	16	55	71
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	55	256	311
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	34	216	250
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	23	47	69
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	26	30	77	107
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

IDAHO

Table 36 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Idaho, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.44	7.45	17.49	8.38	9.68
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.78	12.29	28.29	11.58	13.96
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.21	6.28	16.49	7.11	8.45
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.23	24.94	12.46	27.41	25.27
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.99	5.47	6.40	0.32	1.27
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.64	2.41	4.86	2.30	2.67
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.37	0.55	3.96	1.05	1.46
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.22	54.21	65.09	74.60	73.24
Past Year Heroin Use	0.32	0.06	0.51	0.32	0.35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.82	65.91	81.73	89.26	88.18
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.79	0.24	1.26	0.79	0.86
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.47	3.51	5.64	4.41	4.58
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	45.23	7.84	47.11	50.17	49.73
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	21.67	4.83	30.19	22.62	23.69
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.76	40.91	34.82	45.64	44.10
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.27	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.09	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.68	5.02	28.20	22.95	23.69
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.18	3.75	22.99	18.11	18.80
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	70.74	67.28	61.90	72.69	71.15
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.45	2.82	5.33	1.92	2.41
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.81	0.50	0.96	0.83	0.85
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.46	1.75	9.92	5.24	5.91
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.35	3.97	12.86	6.91	7.76
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1.99	2.58	4.89	1.42	1.91
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.27	1.70	9.64	5.04	5.70
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.65	3.79	12.09	6.15	6.99
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.93	5.06	5.61
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	30.54	23.46	24.46
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.84	19.86	19.72
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.49	4.29	5.45
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	16.70	16.79	7.05	8.43
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ILLINOIS

Table 37 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Illinois, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,179	82	326	770	1,097
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,635	139	465	1,031	1,496
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,033	68	301	664	964
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,550	208	151	2,191	2,342
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	127	53	55	19	74
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	348	24	97	227	324
Past Year Cocaine Use	239	5	81	153	234
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	7,381	529	828	6,023	6,852
Past Year Heroin Use	26	0	6	19	25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	9,244	647	1,100	7,497	8,597
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	38	1	4	33	37
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	336	24	77	235	312
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	5,992	98	769	5,125	5,894
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	2,989	53	520	2,416	2,936
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	4,480	427	467	3,586	4,053
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	297	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	194	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,200	38	331	1,831	2,162
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,786	23	257	1,506	1,763
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	7,785	653	898	6,235	7,132
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	303	28	106	168	275
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	51	4	10	37	47
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	644	19	152	473	624
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	833	40	214	578	793
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	273	26	95	152	247
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	618	19	145	454	599
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	778	38	199	540	740
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	104	300	403
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	352	1,402	1,754
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	227	1,229	1,456
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	137	239	376
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	148	178	483	661
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

ILLINOIS

Table 38 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Illinois, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.01	8.27	24.51	9.19	11.29
Past Year Marijuana Use	15.27	13.94	34.93	12.31	15.41
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.64	6.86	22.59	7.92	9.93
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.81	20.92	11.36	26.14	24.10
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.22	6.27	8.02	0.48	1.52
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.25	2.39	7.28	2.71	3.33
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.23	0.50	6.07	1.83	2.41
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.95	53.16	62.22	71.88	70.55
Past Year Heroin Use	0.24	0.03	0.45	0.23	0.26
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.37	65.04	82.60	89.46	88.52
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.36	0.13	0.33	0.39	0.38
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.14	2.44	5.78	2.80	3.21
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	55.97	9.86	57.80	61.15	60.69
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	27.92	5.36	39.05	28.83	30.23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	41.84	42.87	35.06	42.79	41.73
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.84	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.97	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.55	3.86	24.83	21.85	22.26
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.68	2.27	19.30	17.97	18.15
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.72	65.62	67.42	74.40	73.44
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.83	2.84	8.00	2.01	2.83
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.47	0.39	0.74	0.44	0.48
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.01	1.95	11.40	5.64	6.43
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.78	4.04	16.08	6.90	8.16
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.55	2.65	7.10	1.82	2.54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.77	1.87	10.87	5.42	6.17
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.26	3.82	14.97	6.45	7.62
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.79	3.58	4.15
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.42	16.73	18.06
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.05	14.66	14.99
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.29	2.85	3.87
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.86	13.39	5.76	6.80
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

INDIANA

Table 39 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Indiana, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	658	42	182	434	616
Past Year Marijuana Use	867	70	264	533	797
Past Month Marijuana Use	567	36	169	362	530
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,307	121	69	1,117	1,186
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	70	28	33	9	42
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	209	14	57	138	195
Past Year Cocaine Use	119	3	48	67	115
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	4,012	279	464	3,269	3,733
Past Year Heroin Use	27	0	6	21	27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,873	343	626	3,904	4,530
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	48	2	13	33	46
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	249	16	51	183	233
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,793	50	443	2,300	2,743
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,357	27	273	1,056	1,330
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,230	207	249	1,774	2,022
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	144	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	87	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,500	26	233	1,240	1,474
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,222	19	184	1,020	1,204
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,721	344	471	2,906	3,377
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	165	14	57	93	150
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	40	2	8	30	38
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	266	8	75	184	258
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	389	18	110	260	371
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	147	13	54	80	134
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	257	8	71	178	249
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	357	17	104	236	340
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	61	203	264
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	217	912	1,129
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	135	717	852
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	92	171	262
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	84	108	326	434
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

INDIANA

Table 40 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Indiana, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.85	7.79	24.66	10.15	12.28
Past Year Marijuana Use	15.61	13.01	35.80	12.46	15.89
Past Month Marijuana Use	10.20	6.77	22.85	8.46	10.57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.53	22.53	9.38	26.11	23.64
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.58	5.98	9.67	0.52	1.90
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.76	2.59	7.79	3.22	3.89
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.14	0.63	6.53	1.57	2.30
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	72.27	51.84	62.82	76.45	74.44
Past Year Heroin Use	0.49	0.07	0.86	0.48	0.54
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.79	63.83	84.79	91.29	90.33
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.86	0.29	1.77	0.77	0.92
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.49	2.94	6.86	4.27	4.65
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.30	9.25	59.99	53.79	54.70
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.43	5.06	37.01	24.70	26.51
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	40.16	38.52	33.68	41.48	40.33
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.90	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.41	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	27.01	4.85	31.61	29.00	29.38
Past Month Cigarette Use	22.01	3.47	24.96	23.84	24.00
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.02	63.98	63.76	67.96	67.34
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.96	2.67	7.72	2.18	3.00
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.73	0.42	1.07	0.71	0.76
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.79	1.43	10.11	4.30	5.15
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.00	3.37	14.96	6.08	7.39
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.65	2.47	7.27	1.88	2.67
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.62	1.46	9.58	4.16	4.96
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.43	3.23	14.10	5.52	6.78
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.27	4.75	5.26
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	29.43	21.32	22.51
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.25	16.77	16.99
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.41	3.99	5.23
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.71	14.68	7.62	8.65
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

IOWA

Table 41 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Iowa, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	247	18	72	157	229
Past Year Marijuana Use	326	26	113	187	300
Past Month Marijuana Use	185	13	63	109	172
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	570	54	35	480	515
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	33	11	17	5	23
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	91	6	25	60	85
Past Year Cocaine Use	39	1	17	21	37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,795	120	207	1,468	1,675
Past Year Heroin Use	7	0	2	5	7
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,176	146	279	1,751	2,030
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	22	1	5	17	22
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	108	8	27	73	100
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,530	26	237	1,266	1,504
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	749	14	162	573	735
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	925	90	110	726	835
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	93	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	60	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	669	11	115	543	659
Past Month Cigarette Use	529	8	84	437	520
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,694	153	213	1,328	1,541
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	70	7	24	39	64
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	18	1	3	14	17
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	176	5	51	120	171
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	228	10	64	154	217
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	65	6	23	36	59
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	170	5	50	115	165
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	206	10	61	135	196
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	31	97	128
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	92	382	473
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	72	362	433
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	42	87	129
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	37	48	148	197
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

IOWA

Table 42 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Iowa, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.39	7.30	20.04	7.77	9.60
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.41	10.42	31.69	9.25	12.61
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.04	5.36	17.54	5.39	7.21
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	21.71	22.24	9.76	23.78	21.65
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.96	4.16	8.55	0.42	1.58
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.46	2.48	6.95	2.97	3.57
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.47	0.49	4.69	1.02	1.57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.45	48.98	57.87	72.65	70.43
Past Year Heroin Use	0.26	0.05	0.54	0.24	0.29
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	82.98	59.75	77.93	86.64	85.33
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.86	0.22	1.39	0.84	0.92
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.13	3.46	7.44	3.63	4.20
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	58.31	10.68	66.36	62.66	63.20
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	28.53	5.69	45.18	28.36	30.88
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	35.26	36.67	30.60	35.91	35.11
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	24.26	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.56	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	25.51	4.45	32.17	26.89	27.68
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.15	3.41	23.37	21.61	21.87
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	64.58	62.50	59.55	65.71	64.79
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.68	2.69	6.76	1.95	2.68
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.69	0.44	0.94	0.67	0.71
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.71	2.15	14.25	5.93	7.18
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.67	4.21	17.76	7.61	9.13
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.48	2.43	6.35	1.79	2.48
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.49	2.05	13.96	5.71	6.95
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.85	3.96	17.17	6.67	8.25
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.66	4.79	5.38
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.59	18.88	19.89
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	20.00	17.89	18.21
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.72	4.29	5.40
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.09	13.52	7.34	8.27
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

KANSAS

Table 43 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Kansas, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	210	15	56	138	194
Past Year Marijuana Use	326	28	95	204	298
Past Month Marijuana Use	151	11	47	93	140
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	593	56	46	491	537
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	33	12	15	7	22
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	77	6	20	51	71
Past Year Cocaine Use	39	1	16	22	38
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,686	127	209	1,349	1,558
Past Year Heroin Use	6	0	2	4	5
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,984	146	264	1,575	1,839
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	25	1	5	19	24
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	94	7	23	63	87
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,307	25	192	1,090	1,282
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	636	14	125	497	622
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	950	97	110	743	853
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	75	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	46	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	586	10	93	483	576
Past Month Cigarette Use	453	7	68	378	446
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,617	155	205	1,256	1,461
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	56	6	19	31	50
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	15	1	3	11	14
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	122	5	33	85	118
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	164	9	44	111	156
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	50	5	18	27	45
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	124	5	34	86	120
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	154	8	43	103	146
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28	83	111
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	87	332	420
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	50	305	356
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	38	65	103
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	35	42	119	161
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

KANSAS

Table 44 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Kansas, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.81	6.49	17.44	7.59	9.07
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.71	11.68	29.44	11.19	13.93
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.34	4.53	14.54	5.13	6.54
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.92	23.61	14.28	27.00	25.07
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.37	5.38	8.65	0.57	1.80
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.22	2.42	6.17	2.80	3.30
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.63	0.55	4.87	1.20	1.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.87	53.70	64.79	74.16	72.75
Past Year Heroin Use	0.23	0.05	0.49	0.21	0.25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.45	61.46	81.76	86.57	85.85
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.04	0.24	1.69	1.03	1.13
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.93	2.87	7.25	3.49	4.05
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	54.93	10.40	59.61	59.90	59.85
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.75	5.95	38.77	27.33	29.05
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	39.95	40.97	34.21	40.84	39.84
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.91	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.67	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.65	4.32	28.96	26.53	26.90
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.03	2.84	20.96	20.80	20.82
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.97	65.52	63.67	69.04	68.23
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.35	2.38	5.97	1.70	2.34
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.64	0.41	0.96	0.61	0.66
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.14	1.91	10.23	4.66	5.50
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.91	3.63	13.75	6.13	7.27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.11	2.25	5.44	1.50	2.10
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.22	1.90	10.58	4.70	5.59
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.48	3.56	13.38	5.64	6.81
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.64	4.56	5.18
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.09	18.26	19.59
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.62	16.79	16.61
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.75	3.60	4.82
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.95	13.05	6.54	7.51
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

KENTUCKY

Table 45 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Kentucky, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	379	24	87	268	355
Past Year Marijuana Use	478	40	126	312	438
Past Month Marijuana Use	304	20	81	203	284
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	971	85	57	830	886
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	40	16	18	6	24
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	119	8	26	85	111
Past Year Cocaine Use	64	2	23	39	62
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,804	192	306	2,306	2,612
Past Year Heroin Use	15	0	3	12	15
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,285	227	395	2,662	3,058
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	39	1	9	28	37
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	159	11	29	119	148
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,483	34	213	1,236	1,449
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	759	19	140	601	740
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,679	142	168	1,370	1,537
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	98	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	60	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,191	31	163	996	1,160
Past Month Cigarette Use	958	20	129	809	938
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,378	203	269	1,906	2,175
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	111	11	32	69	101
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	32	2	5	25	30
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	173	5	38	129	167
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	264	13	58	193	251
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	88	9	28	51	79
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	170	6	38	126	164
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	230	12	56	162	217
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	37	153	189
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	115	631	746
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	83	558	642
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	51	105	157
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	46	60	224	284
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

KENTUCKY

Table 46 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Kentucky, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.22	7.18	18.75	9.21	10.53
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.87	11.62	27.04	10.75	13.00
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.19	5.93	17.42	6.98	8.42
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	26.17	24.85	12.14	28.58	26.30
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.90	5.08	7.02	0.42	1.36
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.21	2.33	5.54	2.94	3.30
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.72	0.51	4.92	1.35	1.85
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	75.60	56.35	65.65	79.43	77.52
Past Year Heroin Use	0.40	0.08	0.66	0.40	0.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.58	66.70	84.90	91.69	90.75
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.04	0.33	2.02	0.97	1.11
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.29	3.32	6.32	4.08	4.39
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	39.97	9.93	45.76	42.56	43.00
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	20.47	5.59	30.01	20.69	21.97
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	45.27	41.67	36.00	47.18	45.63
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.14	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.15	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	32.10	9.12	35.06	34.31	34.41
Past Month Cigarette Use	25.83	5.80	27.74	27.86	27.85
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	64.11	59.77	57.80	65.63	64.55
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.01	3.10	6.80	2.39	3.00
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.87	0.49	1.12	0.87	0.90
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.65	1.61	8.10	4.46	4.96
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.12	3.77	12.56	6.64	7.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.38	2.66	5.96	1.77	2.35
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.58	1.63	8.18	4.35	4.88
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.20	3.64	11.96	5.57	6.45
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.89	5.26	5.62
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.71	21.73	22.14
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.92	19.23	19.05
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.00	3.63	4.65
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.61	12.88	7.71	8.42
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

LOUISIANA

Table 47 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Louisiana, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	369	24	103	242	345
Past Year Marijuana Use	468	33	137	297	435
Past Month Marijuana Use	294	19	90	186	276
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,110	94	64	952	1,016
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	39	15	18	6	25
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	129	9	29	92	120
Past Year Cocaine Use	57	1	19	37	56
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,885	196	337	2,352	2,688
Past Year Heroin Use	8	0	2	6	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,366	238	411	2,717	3,128
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	22	1	4	17	21
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	164	11	29	124	153
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,915	40	270	1,605	1,875
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,001	19	169	814	982
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,721	155	194	1,372	1,566
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	111	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	61	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,121	21	161	940	1,101
Past Month Cigarette Use	852	13	120	719	839
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,604	223	305	2,076	2,381
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	109	9	33	68	100
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	24	1	5	18	23
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	246	7	51	188	239
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	314	13	71	230	301
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	95	8	31	56	87
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	227	6	47	174	221
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	284	11	70	203	273
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	33	147	179
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	119	596	715
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	65	444	509
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	48	111	159
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	46	60	226	286
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

LOUISIANA

Table 48 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Louisiana, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.64	6.59	21.53	8.10	9.96
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.22	9.16	28.68	9.95	12.54
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.69	5.12	18.83	6.22	7.96
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	28.99	26.06	13.44	31.85	29.29
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.66	4.22	6.77	0.37	1.23
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.37	2.48	5.96	3.07	3.47
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.50	0.31	3.97	1.25	1.62
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	75.35	54.23	70.23	78.71	77.53
Past Year Heroin Use	0.21	0.04	0.40	0.20	0.22
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.95	65.86	85.67	90.95	90.22
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.57	0.21	0.77	0.58	0.61
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.27	3.05	6.01	4.14	4.40
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.01	10.97	56.37	53.71	54.08
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.15	5.32	35.19	27.23	28.33
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	44.94	42.84	40.46	45.91	45.16
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.74	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.48	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	29.29	5.76	33.61	31.44	31.74
Past Month Cigarette Use	22.24	3.47	25.07	24.06	24.20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.01	61.70	63.56	69.49	68.67
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.85	2.45	6.80	2.27	2.89
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.62	0.34	1.01	0.59	0.65
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.42	1.86	10.60	6.30	6.90
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.21	3.58	14.81	7.71	8.69
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.48	2.13	6.42	1.88	2.51
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.92	1.72	9.78	5.81	6.36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.43	3.16	14.53	6.80	7.87
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.85	4.90	5.17
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.87	19.95	20.63
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.51	14.87	14.69
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.05	3.70	4.57
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.84	12.46	7.57	8.24
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MAINE

Table 49 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Maine, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	203	10	45	148	193
Past Year Marijuana Use	277	14	60	203	263
Past Month Marijuana Use	192	9	43	140	183
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	189	15	8	167	175
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	19	5	7	7	15
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	36	2	9	25	34
Past Year Cocaine Use	24	1	9	14	23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	786	48	70	669	739
Past Year Heroin Use	8	0	1	6	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,009	58	103	848	951
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	6	0	1	4	5
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	42	2	9	32	40
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	648	10	78	560	638
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	259	5	47	207	254
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	458	34	35	389	424
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	32	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	266	6	42	218	260
Past Month Cigarette Use	224	5	33	187	219
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	810	59	79	673	751
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	41	3	12	26	38
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	10	0	2	8	9
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	71	2	14	55	69
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	103	4	23	76	99
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	35	3	12	21	32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	68	2	14	52	66
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	95	4	22	69	91
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	13	48	61
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	38	185	223
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	28	179	208
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	16	36	52
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14	21	68	89
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MAINE

Table 50 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Maine, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	17.53	11.32	36.55	15.64	18.05
Past Year Marijuana Use	23.85	15.70	49.15	21.34	24.53
Past Month Marijuana Use	16.57	10.31	35.17	14.75	17.09
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	16.30	16.40	6.27	17.60	16.29
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.76	6.13	15.78	1.70	3.31
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.07	2.28	7.21	2.61	3.14
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.04	0.63	7.54	1.46	2.16
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	67.71	53.12	56.86	70.48	68.91
Past Year Heroin Use	0.65	0.08	1.10	0.65	0.70
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.94	64.65	83.96	89.39	88.77
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.49	0.21	0.95	0.45	0.51
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.63	2.19	6.94	3.34	3.75
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	55.77	11.15	63.36	58.99	59.50
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.33	5.83	38.54	21.79	23.71
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	39.47	37.96	28.56	41.02	39.59
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23.27	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.08	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	22.90	6.51	34.32	22.97	24.27
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.30	5.20	26.68	19.67	20.48
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.76	65.29	64.11	70.90	70.12
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.51	3.48	9.83	2.70	3.52
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.82	0.43	1.31	0.79	0.85
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.14	2.37	11.64	5.78	6.45
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.91	4.59	18.79	8.04	9.27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.00	2.98	9.43	2.17	3.00
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.89	2.27	11.40	5.51	6.19
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.22	4.42	18.25	7.28	8.54
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	10.59	5.04	5.67
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	31.23	19.47	20.82
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	22.90	18.91	19.37
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.93	3.76	4.81
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.45	17.09	7.12	8.26
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MARYLAND

Table 51 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Maryland, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	584	40	159	385	545
Past Year Marijuana Use	738	56	226	456	682
Past Month Marijuana Use	501	31	148	321	469
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,263	105	74	1,084	1,157
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	56	22	25	9	34
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	164	10	41	113	154
Past Year Cocaine Use	97	1	32	64	96
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,659	239	379	3,041	3,420
Past Year Heroin Use	17	0	3	13	17
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,379	297	491	3,591	4,082
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	14	1	2	12	14
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	183	11	37	135	171
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,894	44	358	2,493	2,851
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,249	20	220	1,009	1,228
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,319	200	254	1,865	2,118
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	123	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	66	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	953	19	147	787	934
Past Month Cigarette Use	753	11	100	642	742
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,796	310	437	3,049	3,486
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	133	12	46	75	121
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	27	2	4	21	26
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	241	6	51	184	235
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	332	15	86	231	317
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	123	11	43	68	111
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	229	6	52	172	223
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	306	14	77	214	291
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	46	135	181
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	152	629	781
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	95	515	610
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	65	123	188
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	59	82	211	293
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MARYLAND

Table 52 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Maryland, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.55	8.82	26.51	9.62	11.82
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.59	12.33	37.68	11.39	14.81
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.90	6.96	24.71	8.01	10.19
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.94	23.30	12.27	27.04	25.10
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.06	5.45	8.42	0.49	1.48
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.24	2.28	6.79	2.82	3.34
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.92	0.30	5.32	1.59	2.08
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	72.33	52.92	63.21	75.87	74.22
Past Year Heroin Use	0.34	0.04	0.57	0.34	0.37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.58	65.73	81.86	89.60	88.59
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.28	0.11	0.32	0.30	0.30
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.61	2.53	6.09	3.36	3.72
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	57.20	9.62	59.70	62.20	61.88
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.68	4.47	36.64	25.17	26.67
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	45.82	44.30	42.27	46.53	45.97
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.01	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.20	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	18.84	4.26	24.51	19.64	20.27
Past Month Cigarette Use	14.88	2.42	16.64	16.02	16.10
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	75.02	68.48	72.80	76.09	75.66
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.63	2.58	7.74	1.87	2.63
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.54	0.38	0.71	0.53	0.56
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.76	1.29	8.53	4.59	5.10
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.57	3.26	14.37	5.77	6.89
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.42	2.54	7.24	1.69	2.41
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.52	1.28	8.59	4.28	4.84
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.04	3.18	12.91	5.33	6.32
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.71	3.37	3.94
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.32	15.70	16.96
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.82	12.85	13.24
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.78	3.07	4.07
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.02	13.72	5.27	6.37
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MASSACHUSETTS

Table 53 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Massachusetts, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	939	54	271	613	884
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,218	82	368	768	1,136
Past Month Marijuana Use	806	45	249	512	761
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,096	87	65	945	1,009
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	92	31	47	14	62
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	239	12	67	160	227
Past Year Cocaine Use	172	3	72	98	170
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,775	246	410	3,118	3,529
Past Year Heroin Use	31	0	5	26	31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	5,045	318	643	4,084	4,726
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	19	1	2	16	19
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	214	13	41	161	202
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,654	61	543	3,051	3,593
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,815	32	377	1,407	1,784
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,392	190	259	1,943	2,201
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	247	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	162	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,169	24	199	946	1,145
Past Month Cigarette Use	943	14	148	781	929
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	4,357	333	543	3,482	4,024
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	203	14	69	120	189
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	42	2	6	34	40
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	396	10	110	277	387
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	527	19	149	359	508
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	181	13	58	110	168
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	357	9	101	247	348
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	472	18	140	313	454
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	64	196	260
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	224	931	1,155
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	151	987	1,138
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	91	177	268
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	67	113	279	393
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MASSACHUSETTS

Table 54 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Massachusetts, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	15.84	11.30	34.16	13.19	16.25
Past Year Marijuana Use	20.56	17.07	46.36	16.52	20.87
Past Month Marijuana Use	13.60	9.33	31.39	11.02	13.98
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	18.49	18.03	8.15	20.32	18.53
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.72	8.05	14.86	0.90	2.93
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	4.04	2.52	8.41	3.45	4.17
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.91	0.54	9.03	2.11	3.12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	63.74	51.16	51.72	67.07	64.83
Past Year Heroin Use	0.52	0.04	0.64	0.55	0.57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.18	66.07	81.03	87.83	86.84
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.33	0.14	0.29	0.35	0.34
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.62	2.60	5.16	3.46	3.71
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	61.68	12.64	68.42	65.62	66.02
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	30.64	6.54	47.49	30.27	32.77
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	40.37	39.50	32.62	41.78	40.44
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	29.84	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.63	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	19.74	5.07	25.05	20.35	21.04
Past Month Cigarette Use	15.92	2.91	18.70	16.80	17.07
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	73.55	69.13	68.43	74.88	73.94
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.43	2.92	8.65	2.59	3.47
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.71	0.43	0.80	0.72	0.73
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.69	1.99	13.83	5.96	7.10
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.90	3.92	18.81	7.73	9.34
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.05	2.63	7.31	2.37	3.09
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.03	1.86	12.79	5.31	6.40
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.96	3.70	17.69	6.74	8.34
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.04	4.21	4.77
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28.22	20.03	21.22
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	19.08	21.22	20.91
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.46	3.81	4.92
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.86	14.30	6.01	7.21
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MICHIGAN

Table 55 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Michigan, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,218	72	329	817	1,146
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,562	105	447	1,011	1,457
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,068	60	300	708	1,008
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,761	175	95	1,491	1,586
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	124	43	57	24	81
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	306	20	83	203	287
Past Year Cocaine Use	164	3	66	95	161
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	6,168	414	687	5,067	5,754
Past Year Heroin Use	19	0	4	14	18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	7,365	497	910	5,959	6,869
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	33	1	6	25	32
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	333	23	69	241	310
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	4,532	78	653	3,801	4,455
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	2,214	39	430	1,746	2,175
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	3,485	319	383	2,784	3,166
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	275	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	169	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,057	38	314	1,705	2,019
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,652	23	229	1,400	1,629
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	5,859	511	715	4,633	5,349
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	241	21	83	137	219
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	53	3	9	41	50
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	449	12	105	332	437
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	604	28	159	417	576
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	208	19	76	113	189
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	424	12	99	313	412
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	557	26	148	383	531
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	83	273	355
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	283	1,187	1,469
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	171	1,096	1,266
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	117	201	319
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	117	147	426	573
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MICHIGAN

Table 56 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Michigan, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	14.38	9.44	30.15	12.35	14.87
Past Year Marijuana Use	18.45	13.78	40.92	15.28	18.91
Past Month Marijuana Use	12.61	7.87	27.50	10.70	13.08
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	20.78	22.96	8.70	22.54	20.56
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.85	6.43	10.44	0.73	2.18
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.62	2.58	7.65	3.07	3.72
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.94	0.46	6.02	1.44	2.08
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	72.86	54.26	62.94	76.62	74.68
Past Year Heroin Use	0.22	0.05	0.39	0.21	0.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.02	65.15	83.34	90.11	89.14
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.39	0.19	0.59	0.38	0.41
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.94	3.02	6.30	3.65	4.03
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	53.53	10.21	59.82	57.48	57.81
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.15	5.11	39.34	26.40	28.23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	41.16	41.78	35.03	42.10	41.09
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22.66	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.99	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.30	5.00	28.74	25.79	26.20
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.51	3.02	20.93	21.18	21.14
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.21	67.02	65.50	70.07	69.42
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.84	2.79	7.58	2.07	2.85
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.63	0.42	0.83	0.62	0.65
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.31	1.57	9.60	5.03	5.68
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.13	3.64	14.53	6.31	7.47
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.46	2.52	6.93	1.71	2.45
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.00	1.56	9.07	4.73	5.34
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.58	3.43	13.51	5.80	6.89
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.56	4.12	4.61
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.88	17.95	19.07
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.62	16.57	16.44
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.75	3.04	4.13
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.36	13.46	6.45	7.44
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MINNESOTA

Table 57 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Minnesota, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	498	33	134	330	464
Past Year Marijuana Use	728	54	212	462	674
Past Month Marijuana Use	443	27	127	289	416
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	849	86	48	715	763
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	59	20	28	11	39
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	161	11	43	107	150
Past Year Cocaine Use	112	2	38	72	110
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,070	221	317	2,532	2,849
Past Year Heroin Use	16	0	4	12	15
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,885	266	453	3,166	3,619
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	43	1	9	33	41
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	176	10	36	129	165
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,666	40	375	2,251	2,626
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,223	22	247	953	1,201
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,714	165	175	1,374	1,549
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	143	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	92	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,015	21	182	812	994
Past Month Cigarette Use	799	14	146	639	785
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,177	269	358	2,550	2,908
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	129	14	40	75	115
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	24	2	4	18	23
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	243	7	62	174	236
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	324	17	82	225	307
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	122	13	38	72	109
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	231	7	60	164	224
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	302	16	79	207	286
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	50	134	184
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	176	643	819
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	112	622	734
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	71	123	195
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	61	99	216	315
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MINNESOTA

Table 58 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Minnesota, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.65	7.70	23.41	9.01	10.96
Past Year Marijuana Use	15.58	12.46	36.96	12.61	15.90
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.48	6.25	22.09	7.89	9.81
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	18.15	19.77	8.42	19.50	17.98
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.43	5.01	9.98	0.68	1.94
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.45	2.59	7.50	2.92	3.54
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.40	0.52	6.65	1.96	2.59
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	65.72	50.84	55.33	69.09	67.22
Past Year Heroin Use	0.33	0.04	0.62	0.32	0.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.16	61.11	79.03	86.38	85.39
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.91	0.24	1.49	0.90	0.98
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.76	2.36	6.34	3.52	3.90
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	57.05	9.27	65.51	61.40	61.96
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.16	5.05	43.16	26.01	28.33
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	36.68	37.99	30.52	37.49	36.55
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.90	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.05	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.71	4.73	31.83	22.15	23.46
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.10	3.27	25.50	17.42	18.52
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.99	61.82	62.54	69.56	68.62
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.75	3.15	6.99	2.05	2.71
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.52	0.39	0.77	0.50	0.54
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.20	1.55	10.80	4.76	5.57
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.93	3.86	14.30	6.14	7.24
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.61	2.92	6.57	1.95	2.58
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.94	1.51	10.52	4.47	5.29
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.47	3.76	13.75	5.66	6.75
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.77	3.66	4.35
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	30.77	17.53	19.32
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	19.46	16.97	17.31
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.44	3.36	4.59
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.04	17.21	5.89	7.42
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MISSISSIPPI

Table 59 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Mississippi, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	214	16	58	140	198
Past Year Marijuana Use	284	26	80	178	258
Past Month Marijuana Use	171	12	49	110	159
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	807	71	64	673	736
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	28	11	13	4	17
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	78	6	19	53	72
Past Year Cocaine Use	36	1	10	25	35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,965	137	236	1,591	1,828
Past Year Heroin Use	5	0	1	4	5
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,169	159	276	1,734	2,010
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	19	1	4	15	19
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	99	8	22	70	91
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	979	21	135	823	958
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	525	11	81	433	515
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,177	109	146	923	1,069
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	53	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	31	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	771	18	107	646	753
Past Month Cigarette Use	613	11	82	519	602
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,698	148	208	1,342	1,550
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	66	6	20	40	60
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	16	1	3	12	15
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	107	3	24	80	104
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	158	8	38	112	150
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	56	6	19	32	50
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	101	3	22	75	97
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	141	8	35	98	134
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22	97	120
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	75	355	431
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	39	263	302
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	36	70	107
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	29	38	134	171
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MISSISSIPPI

Table 60 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Mississippi, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.71	6.45	18.13	7.40	8.96
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.58	10.77	24.71	9.45	11.67
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.98	4.96	15.26	5.83	7.21
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	32.92	29.44	19.70	35.64	33.30
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.74	4.76	6.39	0.33	1.23
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.18	2.43	5.79	2.83	3.26
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.47	0.32	3.25	1.32	1.60
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	80.15	56.71	73.25	84.31	82.69
Past Year Heroin Use	0.21	0.04	0.41	0.19	0.22
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.50	65.59	85.63	91.88	90.97
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.79	0.23	1.13	0.80	0.85
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.06	3.33	6.79	3.68	4.14
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	39.95	8.71	41.93	43.61	43.36
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	21.43	4.41	25.25	22.96	23.29
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	48.02	45.00	45.20	48.89	48.35
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.48	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	8.31	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	31.45	7.40	33.18	34.23	34.07
Past Month Cigarette Use	24.99	4.51	25.58	27.51	27.23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.27	61.19	64.45	71.12	70.15
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.70	2.53	6.12	2.14	2.72
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.66	0.34	1.08	0.63	0.70
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.37	1.21	7.36	4.26	4.71
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.43	3.30	11.69	5.94	6.77
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.27	2.28	5.79	1.67	2.27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.10	1.26	6.87	3.99	4.41
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.76	3.13	10.90	5.21	6.04
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.93	5.15	5.41
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.40	18.83	19.49
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	12.09	13.93	13.66
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.21	3.73	4.82
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.15	11.74	7.08	7.75
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MISSOURI

Table 61 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Missouri, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	521	36	137	348	486
Past Year Marijuana Use	743	56	203	484	686
Past Month Marijuana Use	437	29	127	281	408
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,157	113	75	969	1,044
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	67	22	33	13	45
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	150	11	33	105	139
Past Year Cocaine Use	74	2	26	46	72
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,664	270	394	3,000	3,394
Past Year Heroin Use	13	0	3	10	13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,392	314	510	3,568	4,077
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	45	1	10	33	43
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	214	14	41	159	200
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,500	50	339	2,111	2,450
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,231	26	217	988	1,205
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,089	188	220	1,682	1,902
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	149	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	92	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,301	28	175	1,098	1,273
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,072	20	137	915	1,051
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,361	294	388	2,679	3,067
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	133	13	42	78	120
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	36	2	6	28	34
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	256	8	55	194	248
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	368	17	82	268	351
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	122	12	40	70	110
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	244	8	53	184	237
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	331	16	80	235	315
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	50	205	255
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	176	818	993
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	110	679	789
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	76	143	219
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	69	85	335	420
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MISSOURI

Table 62 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Missouri, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.22	7.62	21.61	8.72	10.49
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.57	12.10	31.90	12.10	14.82
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.57	6.21	19.96	7.03	8.81
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	22.68	24.29	11.80	24.24	22.52
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.23	5.09	8.83	0.50	1.73
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.94	2.38	5.25	2.63	2.99
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.45	0.42	4.14	1.14	1.55
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.87	57.97	62.01	75.04	73.25
Past Year Heroin Use	0.26	0.06	0.54	0.24	0.28
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.16	67.42	80.18	89.25	88.01
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.88	0.30	1.57	0.83	0.94
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.20	3.05	6.47	3.97	4.32
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49.02	10.68	53.29	52.82	52.88
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.14	5.64	34.12	24.71	26.00
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	40.97	40.24	34.53	42.08	41.04
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.29	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.53	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	25.52	6.10	27.49	27.47	27.48
Past Month Cigarette Use	21.01	4.37	21.47	22.88	22.69
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	65.92	63.10	61.03	67.02	66.19
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.60	2.70	6.63	1.95	2.59
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.70	0.39	0.96	0.70	0.74
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.02	1.65	8.59	4.84	5.36
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.21	3.69	12.95	6.71	7.57
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.39	2.48	6.27	1.76	2.38
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.79	1.63	8.28	4.60	5.11
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.50	3.47	12.66	5.87	6.80
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.87	5.13	5.51
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.61	20.45	21.44
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.38	16.98	17.04
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.91	3.58	4.72
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.78	13.35	8.39	9.07
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MONTANA

Table 63 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Montana, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	140	8	32	100	132
Past Year Marijuana Use	174	11	44	119	163
Past Month Marijuana Use	128	7	30	91	121
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	170	15	9	146	155
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	12	4	6	2	7
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	32	2	9	21	30
Past Year Cocaine Use	17	0	7	10	16
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	600	38	63	498	561
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	1	2	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	745	47	88	610	698
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	9	0	2	6	8
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	36	2	8	26	34
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	515	10	68	436	505
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	242	5	46	191	237
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	338	28	37	274	311
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	30	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	228	5	45	178	223
Past Month Cigarette Use	172	4	34	134	169
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	619	47	69	504	572
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	29	3	9	17	26
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	6	0	1	5	6
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	66	2	15	49	64
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	80	4	20	57	76
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	26	2	9	14	23
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	63	2	14	47	61
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	75	4	19	53	71
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	10	34	44
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	31	132	163
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	19	111	130
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	14	28	42
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11	17	47	63
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

MONTANA

Table 64 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Montana, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	15.80	10.99	29.03	14.25	16.25
Past Year Marijuana Use	19.61	14.69	40.15	16.92	20.07
Past Month Marijuana Use	14.46	9.65	27.30	12.96	14.91
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	19.12	19.41	8.19	20.82	19.09
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.85	6.24	12.03	0.71	2.22
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.60	2.98	8.01	2.98	3.66
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.91	0.65	6.12	1.38	2.03
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	67.53	50.79	57.49	70.88	69.06
Past Year Heroin Use	0.30	0.08	0.59	0.28	0.32
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.94	62.96	79.87	86.79	85.85
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.97	0.26	2.13	0.86	1.03
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.03	2.77	7.32	3.65	4.15
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	57.94	13.33	62.04	62.09	62.08
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	27.23	6.89	41.64	27.16	29.12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	38.10	36.86	33.53	38.95	38.22
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	25.57	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.59	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	25.65	7.10	40.84	25.27	27.38
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.42	5.12	31.04	19.13	20.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.75	62.72	62.30	71.66	70.39
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.26	3.56	8.58	2.40	3.24
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.73	0.42	1.14	0.69	0.75
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	7.47	3.14	14.06	6.91	7.87
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	9.05	5.18	17.83	8.09	9.41
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.89	3.27	8.34	2.00	2.86
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	7.13	2.91	12.96	6.66	7.52
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.44	4.75	17.01	7.49	8.78
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9.09	4.78	5.36
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.96	18.75	20.00
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.23	15.78	15.98
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.74	4.03	5.21
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.40	15.39	6.62	7.81
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEBRASKA

Table 65 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Nebraska, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	150	11	49	89	138
Past Year Marijuana Use	200	19	68	112	180
Past Month Marijuana Use	129	10	44	76	120
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	390	38	25	327	352
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	20	8	9	2	11
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	46	4	15	28	43
Past Year Cocaine Use	29	1	13	15	28
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,114	80	126	909	1,035
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	1	2	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,319	98	170	1,051	1,221
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	11	0	3	7	10
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	58	5	15	38	53
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	895	15	133	747	880
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	461	9	90	362	452
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	615	61	66	487	554
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	51	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	35	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	384	6	71	307	378
Past Month Cigarette Use	299	4	50	244	295
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,044	95	132	818	949
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	41	4	15	22	37
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	10	1	2	7	9
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	92	3	26	62	89
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	119	6	35	79	114
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	39	4	15	21	36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	89	3	26	60	86
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	111	6	35	71	105
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	17	46	62
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	56	200	257
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	35	178	213
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	23	38	61
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	22	29	68	97
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEBRASKA

Table 66 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Nebraska, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.50	7.29	23.21	7.37	9.74
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.68	12.46	31.94	9.31	12.70
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.21	6.16	20.54	6.30	8.43
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.71	24.07	11.73	27.11	24.78
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.08	5.76	7.65	0.34	1.42
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.94	2.31	6.97	2.31	3.00
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.83	0.54	6.20	1.23	1.98
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.75	51.04	58.97	75.35	72.89
Past Year Heroin Use	0.22	0.04	0.48	0.20	0.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.76	62.77	79.75	87.15	86.03
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.67	0.18	1.44	0.60	0.72
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.68	3.26	6.86	3.17	3.72
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	56.79	9.53	62.51	61.90	61.98
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	29.24	5.63	42.38	29.98	31.83
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	39.04	39.32	31.21	40.39	39.01
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.26	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.64	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.37	3.89	33.48	25.42	26.63
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.98	2.84	23.59	20.26	20.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	66.30	61.04	61.82	67.76	66.87
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.63	2.51	7.28	1.82	2.64
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.61	0.38	1.00	0.58	0.64
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.82	1.86	12.35	5.18	6.25
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.58	3.69	16.43	6.53	8.01
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.50	2.42	7.01	1.72	2.51
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.63	1.80	12.26	4.96	6.05
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.05	3.58	16.40	5.85	7.43
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.84	3.78	4.39
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.49	16.60	18.08
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.43	14.76	15.01
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.72	3.16	4.29
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.20	13.55	5.64	6.82
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEVADA

Table 67 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Nevada, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	412	23	96	292	389
Past Year Marijuana Use	551	33	121	397	518
Past Month Marijuana Use	379	21	91	267	358
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	555	41	26	488	514
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	34	11	14	10	24
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	88	6	19	64	82
Past Year Cocaine Use	57	1	17	39	56
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,764	123	178	1,463	1,642
Past Year Heroin Use	8	0	2	6	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,115	148	231	1,736	1,967
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	32	0	7	25	32
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	117	8	19	90	110
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,241	18	148	1,075	1,223
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	579	10	89	481	569
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,151	104	119	928	1,047
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	57	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	31	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	626	10	80	537	616
Past Month Cigarette Use	505	6	62	436	498
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,776	152	190	1,433	1,623
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	101	9	31	61	92
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	18	1	3	15	17
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	139	4	29	105	135
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	218	12	52	154	206
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	87	8	31	48	79
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	130	4	28	99	126
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	200	10	49	141	190
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22	87	109
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	77	397	474
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	34	290	324
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	34	73	107
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	35	43	119	162
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEVADA

Table 68 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Nevada, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	16.34	10.15	34.01	14.55	16.96
Past Year Marijuana Use	21.85	14.27	42.55	19.79	22.61
Past Month Marijuana Use	15.05	9.17	32.09	13.31	15.64
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	22.00	17.94	9.11	24.29	22.40
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.75	5.83	11.68	0.92	2.18
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.50	2.58	6.54	3.18	3.60
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.27	0.54	5.84	1.96	2.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	69.99	53.57	62.98	72.84	71.61
Past Year Heroin Use	0.34	0.07	0.80	0.30	0.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.92	64.69	81.50	86.42	85.81
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.29	0.20	2.36	1.26	1.40
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.65	3.30	6.85	4.49	4.79
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49.23	8.06	52.10	53.52	53.35
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.98	4.26	31.32	23.93	24.85
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	45.64	45.26	42.08	46.18	45.67
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.76	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.07	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.82	4.22	28.06	26.72	26.89
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.02	2.79	21.95	21.71	21.74
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	70.44	66.55	67.10	71.35	70.83
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	4.00	3.92	10.93	3.03	4.01
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.73	0.50	0.91	0.73	0.75
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.50	1.80	10.28	5.25	5.88
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.64	5.09	18.39	7.67	9.00
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.44	3.53	10.82	2.39	3.43
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.17	1.71	9.84	4.91	5.52
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.94	4.44	17.13	7.04	8.29
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.61	4.36	4.76
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.17	19.75	20.67
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	12.06	14.45	14.16
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.05	3.61	4.65
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.11	15.00	5.93	7.05
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Table 69 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Hampshire, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	181	10	45	126	171
Past Year Marijuana Use	240	15	64	160	224
Past Month Marijuana Use	167	8	42	116	158
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	202	19	10	173	183
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	15	6	7	2	9
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	40	3	13	25	38
Past Year Cocaine Use	32	1	15	16	31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	784	49	73	663	735
Past Year Heroin Use	5	0	1	4	5
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,028	64	119	845	964
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	6	0	1	5	6
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	45	2	8	34	43
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	740	11	98	631	729
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	345	6	69	271	340
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	439	34	42	363	405
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	33	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	242	5	46	192	237
Past Month Cigarette Use	182	4	34	144	178
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	844	64	94	685	779
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	35	3	11	21	32
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	8	0	1	6	8
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	78	2	21	55	76
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	102	4	27	70	98
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	29	3	10	17	26
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	75	2	20	53	74
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	96	4	26	66	92
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	13	45	57
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	41	180	221
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	26	173	199
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	17	35	53
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14	21	66	88
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Table 70 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Hampshire, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	15.47	10.71	31.76	13.48	15.89
Past Year Marijuana Use	20.49	16.07	45.17	17.19	20.89
Past Month Marijuana Use	14.24	8.84	29.95	12.41	14.72
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	17.28	19.93	7.19	18.56	17.04
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.19	7.34	12.73	0.73	2.37
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.46	2.89	8.84	2.70	3.51
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.72	0.80	10.65	1.70	2.89
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	67.04	51.63	51.20	71.01	68.38
Past Year Heroin Use	0.41	0.07	0.72	0.40	0.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.88	67.14	83.73	90.60	89.69
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.55	0.25	0.97	0.52	0.58
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.87	2.58	5.83	3.70	3.98
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	63.26	11.66	69.03	67.66	67.84
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	29.52	5.92	48.40	29.05	31.61
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	37.53	36.09	29.29	38.93	37.66
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23.47	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.28	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.71	5.49	32.11	20.52	22.05
Past Month Cigarette Use	15.55	3.84	24.26	15.42	16.59
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.12	67.65	66.34	73.45	72.51
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.00	3.28	7.88	2.23	2.97
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.68	0.42	1.04	0.66	0.71
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.67	2.00	14.62	5.94	7.08
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.71	4.41	19.30	7.54	9.09
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.50	2.90	6.99	1.77	2.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.45	1.96	14.26	5.72	6.85
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.22	4.18	18.34	7.09	8.58
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9.05	4.77	5.34
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28.85	19.30	20.56
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.28	18.55	18.51
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.23	3.80	4.91
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.08	15.07	7.12	8.17
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEW JERSEY

Table 71 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Jersey, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	697	48	199	449	648
Past Year Marijuana Use	931	76	299	557	856
Past Month Marijuana Use	597	38	186	373	559
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,436	184	132	2,120	2,251
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	88	33	41	14	55
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	198	13	46	139	185
Past Year Cocaine Use	111	2	38	71	109
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	5,525	389	565	4,570	5,136
Past Year Heroin Use	46	0	5	40	46
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	6,643	467	751	5,425	6,176
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	22	1	2	19	21
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	251	15	44	191	236
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,979	75	518	3,385	3,903
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,948	39	367	1,541	1,909
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	3,594	310	345	2,939	3,284
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	228	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	144	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,441	25	249	1,167	1,416
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,163	15	185	963	1,149
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	5,831	491	616	4,723	5,339
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	192	17	61	114	174
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	42	3	6	33	39
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	360	10	87	263	349
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	506	23	132	351	483
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	172	17	55	100	155
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	356	10	89	256	345
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	489	23	126	340	466
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	63	184	248
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	205	907	1,112
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	122	758	880
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	87	153	239
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	82	103	282	385
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEW JERSEY

Table 72 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Jersey, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.20	7.07	22.66	7.47	9.41
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.30	11.07	33.96	9.27	12.42
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.89	5.61	21.08	6.21	8.11
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	32.14	26.93	14.94	35.27	32.66
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.82	4.92	8.39	0.39	1.33
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.62	1.91	5.26	2.31	2.69
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.47	0.34	4.27	1.19	1.58
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	72.95	56.85	64.24	76.04	74.53
Past Year Heroin Use	0.61	0.04	0.60	0.67	0.66
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.73	68.32	85.34	90.26	89.63
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.29	0.11	0.22	0.32	0.31
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.32	2.26	5.04	3.18	3.42
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	52.53	11.01	58.89	56.32	56.66
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	25.72	5.77	41.72	25.65	27.71
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	47.45	45.30	39.19	48.90	47.66
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22.04	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.94	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	19.03	3.59	28.32	19.42	20.56
Past Month Cigarette Use	15.36	2.17	21.06	16.03	16.67
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	76.98	71.79	70.02	78.59	77.49
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.53	2.53	6.89	1.89	2.53
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.56	0.40	0.68	0.56	0.57
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.75	1.50	9.86	4.37	5.07
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.69	3.42	15.01	5.84	7.01
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.27	2.45	6.28	1.66	2.25
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.70	1.52	10.15	4.26	5.01
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.46	3.37	14.34	5.65	6.76
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.21	3.07	3.60
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.25	15.09	16.14
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.84	12.62	12.78
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.83	2.54	3.47
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.95	11.65	4.70	5.58
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEW MEXICO

Table 73 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Mexico, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	245	17	56	171	227
Past Year Marijuana Use	325	27	73	225	298
Past Month Marijuana Use	225	16	52	157	210
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	428	33	28	367	394
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	25	10	10	5	15
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	53	4	14	35	49
Past Year Cocaine Use	36	1	13	22	35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,235	92	143	1,000	1,143
Past Year Heroin Use	5	0	1	4	5
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,490	111	181	1,198	1,379
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	16	0	4	12	16
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	66	5	16	45	60
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	804	16	110	678	788
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	400	8	69	323	392
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	861	72	94	695	789
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	45	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	25	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	424	9	67	348	415
Past Month Cigarette Use	345	5	53	287	340
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,262	103	146	1,014	1,159
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	53	6	17	29	46
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	9	1	2	7	9
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	90	3	21	66	87
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	126	8	34	84	118
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	47	6	16	24	41
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	84	3	20	61	81
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	115	7	31	76	107
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	17	54	71
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	56	244	300
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	30	191	221
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	24	43	67
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	29	31	83	114
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEW MEXICO

Table 74 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Mexico, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	14.09	10.50	25.73	12.65	14.47
Past Year Marijuana Use	18.72	16.18	33.37	16.66	18.99
Past Month Marijuana Use	12.98	9.58	23.96	11.62	13.34
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.60	20.08	12.65	27.11	25.08
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.99	7.88	9.66	0.87	2.08
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.06	2.54	6.21	2.61	3.11
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.09	0.67	5.86	1.66	2.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.12	55.41	65.51	73.93	72.75
Past Year Heroin Use	0.30	0.07	0.58	0.28	0.32
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.82	66.96	82.76	88.60	87.78
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.92	0.16	1.62	0.90	1.00
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.78	3.21	7.13	3.30	3.84
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	46.29	9.79	50.23	50.14	50.15
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.01	4.96	31.45	23.86	24.92
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	49.56	43.24	42.77	51.44	50.23
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.11	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.06	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.42	5.47	30.48	25.76	26.42
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.87	3.02	24.40	21.20	21.65
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.68	62.23	66.46	74.97	73.78
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.02	3.70	7.79	2.17	2.95
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.54	0.44	0.85	0.50	0.55
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.21	1.83	9.68	4.90	5.56
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.27	4.80	15.49	6.24	7.53
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.69	3.66	7.38	1.81	2.59
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.81	1.74	9.11	4.49	5.13
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.60	4.50	14.25	5.62	6.82
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.73	3.99	4.51
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.43	18.07	19.10
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.66	14.15	14.08
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.74	3.20	4.25
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	17.43	14.19	6.13	7.25
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEW YORK

Table 75 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New York, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,901	108	542	1,251	1,793
Past Year Marijuana Use	2,556	172	795	1,589	2,384
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,634	91	507	1,035	1,543
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	4,415	347	260	3,809	4,068
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	190	66	88	35	124
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	554	29	144	381	525
Past Year Cocaine Use	439	5	144	290	434
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	11,492	775	1,249	9,468	10,717
Past Year Heroin Use	46	1	10	35	46
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	14,253	920	1,704	11,629	13,333
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	44	2	6	37	42
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	510	28	119	363	482
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	8,820	127	1,237	7,455	8,693
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	3,979	68	806	3,105	3,912
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	7,628	638	744	6,246	6,990
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	397	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	246	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	3,005	49	525	2,432	2,956
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,450	29	379	2,042	2,421
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	12,754	973	1,490	10,291	11,781
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	465	34	166	264	431
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	87	5	15	67	82
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	888	20	188	680	868
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,209	47	304	858	1,162
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	442	33	151	258	409
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	848	20	182	646	828
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	1,122	46	288	788	1,076
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	143	448	591
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	544	2,258	2,802
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	332	1,901	2,234
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	199	358	558
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	157	245	742	987
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NEW YORK

Table 76 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New York, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.36	7.85	25.90	9.43	11.68
Past Year Marijuana Use	15.28	12.49	37.99	11.98	15.53
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.77	6.62	24.22	7.81	10.05
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	26.38	25.23	12.40	28.72	26.48
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.97	5.24	8.36	0.49	1.49
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.31	2.09	6.90	2.87	3.42
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.62	0.39	6.88	2.18	2.82
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.70	56.35	59.66	71.40	69.79
Past Year Heroin Use	0.28	0.04	0.50	0.27	0.30
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.22	66.87	81.37	87.69	86.83
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.26	0.13	0.27	0.28	0.28
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.05	2.04	5.68	2.74	3.14
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	52.71	9.23	59.09	56.22	56.61
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.79	4.93	38.51	23.42	25.48
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	45.59	46.36	35.54	47.10	45.52
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.37	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.97	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	17.96	3.53	25.06	18.34	19.25
Past Month Cigarette Use	14.65	2.13	18.10	15.40	15.77
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	76.24	70.75	71.15	77.60	76.72
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.78	2.50	7.95	1.99	2.81
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.52	0.37	0.70	0.51	0.53
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.31	1.46	8.97	5.13	5.65
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.23	3.41	14.50	6.47	7.57
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.64	2.39	7.23	1.94	2.67
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.07	1.48	8.70	4.87	5.39
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.71	3.35	13.74	5.95	7.01
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.82	3.38	3.85
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.96	17.03	18.25
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.87	14.34	14.55
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.52	2.70	3.63
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.40	11.71	5.60	6.43
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NORTH CAROLINA

Table 77 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in North Carolina, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	797	63	224	509	733
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,104	90	323	691	1,014
Past Month Marijuana Use	671	53	204	415	619
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,313	183	142	1,987	2,129
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	90	37	40	13	53
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	257	20	68	170	238
Past Year Cocaine Use	159	3	51	104	156
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	6,395	421	698	5,276	5,974
Past Year Heroin Use	23	0	6	16	23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	7,514	497	879	6,137	7,016
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	49	1	8	39	48
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	313	26	69	218	287
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	4,040	78	542	3,420	3,961
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,862	44	332	1,486	1,818
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	3,943	351	420	3,172	3,592
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	220	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	132	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,101	42	334	1,724	2,059
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,676	25	251	1,400	1,651
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	5,834	495	679	4,660	5,339
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	248	23	80	145	225
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	50	3	9	38	47
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	411	12	88	312	399
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	572	28	140	404	544
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	219	22	75	123	197
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	387	12	85	290	374
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	531	27	132	371	504
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	76	280	356
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	270	1,199	1,469
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	148	1,033	1,180
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	117	241	358
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	119	136	412	548
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NORTH CAROLINA

Table 78 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in North Carolina, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.25	8.02	21.15	7.53	9.37
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.81	11.40	30.50	10.21	12.96
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.79	6.66	19.24	6.13	7.91
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	26.83	23.15	13.44	29.38	27.20
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.83	5.18	6.86	0.40	1.27
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.99	2.48	6.41	2.51	3.04
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.85	0.43	4.86	1.54	1.99
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	74.24	53.22	65.88	78.00	76.35
Past Year Heroin Use	0.27	0.04	0.61	0.24	0.29
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.24	62.83	83.05	90.72	89.68
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.57	0.19	0.79	0.58	0.61
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.63	3.25	6.48	3.23	3.67
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	46.89	9.87	51.15	50.56	50.64
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	21.61	5.59	31.34	21.97	23.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	45.77	44.34	39.62	46.89	45.91
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.36	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.03	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.38	5.31	31.56	25.49	26.31
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.45	3.10	23.68	20.70	21.11
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.72	62.52	64.11	68.89	68.24
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.88	2.86	7.54	2.15	2.88
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.59	0.39	0.88	0.56	0.61
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.78	1.53	8.28	4.61	5.10
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.64	3.57	13.21	5.97	6.95
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.55	2.76	7.06	1.81	2.52
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.49	1.56	8.00	4.28	4.78
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.16	3.45	12.49	5.49	6.44
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.17	4.15	4.56
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.52	17.72	18.77
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.96	15.26	15.09
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.02	3.56	4.57
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.05	12.83	6.09	7.00
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NORTH DAKOTA

Table 79 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in North Dakota, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	54	3	17	33	51
Past Year Marijuana Use	74	5	26	43	69
Past Month Marijuana Use	47	3	16	28	44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	136	13	10	114	123
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	7	2	4	1	5
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	18	1	5	12	17
Past Year Cocaine Use	9	0	4	5	9
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	438	28	56	353	409
Past Year Heroin Use	2	0	1	1	2
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	514	33	75	407	482
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	6	0	2	4	6
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	23	1	6	15	21
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	355	5	65	285	349
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	195	3	46	146	192
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	227	20	28	179	207
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	24	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	163	3	31	128	160
Past Month Cigarette Use	125	2	24	99	123
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	393	33	55	305	360
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	17	1	7	9	16
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	4	0	1	3	4
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	40	1	12	27	39
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	52	2	16	34	50
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	15	1	6	8	14
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	40	1	12	26	39
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	48	2	15	30	46
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8	20	28
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26	82	108
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16	73	89
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11	17	29
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	7	13	34	47
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

NORTH DAKOTA

Table 80 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in North Dakota, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.73	6.09	18.38	7.11	8.98
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.96	9.80	27.49	9.11	12.17
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.62	4.93	17.12	6.03	7.87
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	22.09	24.20	10.44	24.20	21.89
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.75	4.04	6.93	0.37	1.41
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.95	1.99	5.63	2.53	3.05
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.48	0.45	4.52	1.00	1.58
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.94	52.67	59.85	75.20	72.65
Past Year Heroin Use	0.36	0.05	0.79	0.31	0.39
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.42	61.54	79.33	86.68	85.45
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.03	0.29	2.07	0.90	1.10
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.70	2.51	6.60	3.25	3.81
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	57.47	10.07	68.92	60.58	61.96
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	31.62	5.66	48.54	31.19	34.07
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	36.79	37.31	30.04	38.09	36.74
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	26.47	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.43	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.40	6.24	33.23	27.33	28.31
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.26	4.56	25.49	21.01	21.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	63.66	61.44	58.38	64.96	63.86
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.76	2.72	6.92	1.94	2.77
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.61	0.38	1.00	0.56	0.64
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.54	2.30	13.07	5.71	6.94
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.41	4.38	16.80	7.20	8.79
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.47	2.55	6.44	1.66	2.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.44	2.14	12.95	5.63	6.85
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.76	4.12	16.33	6.46	8.10
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.15	4.27	4.92
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.22	17.51	19.13
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.92	15.47	15.71
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.06	3.72	5.11
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.75	14.05	7.28	8.40
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

OHIO

Table 81 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Ohio, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	983	68	270	646	916
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,348	105	420	823	1,243
Past Month Marijuana Use	818	55	250	513	763
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,333	215	115	2,003	2,118
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	123	43	60	20	80
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	309	21	75	213	288
Past Year Cocaine Use	156	4	60	91	152
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	7,076	498	756	5,822	6,578
Past Year Heroin Use	48	1	9	39	47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	8,683	615	1,041	7,027	8,068
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	45	2	9	34	43
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	412	26	81	306	386
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	4,991	86	687	4,218	4,905
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	2,440	47	466	1,927	2,393
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	4,106	375	393	3,338	3,731
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	280	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	182	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,621	57	419	2,144	2,563
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,105	40	305	1,760	2,065
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	6,586	558	737	5,291	6,028
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	319	29	100	191	291
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	88	4	13	71	84
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	505	15	126	364	490
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	716	36	185	495	680
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	271	26	90	155	245
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	468	15	115	338	454
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	646	34	169	443	612
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	102	376	478
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	339	1,567	1,906
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	215	1,417	1,632
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	145	316	461
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	123	179	534	713
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

OHIO

Table 82 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Ohio, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.03	7.53	22.30	8.39	10.28
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.76	11.72	34.75	10.69	13.96
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.34	6.16	20.67	6.66	8.56
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.79	23.98	9.46	26.03	23.77
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.23	5.27	9.31	0.50	1.69
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.15	2.31	6.19	2.77	3.24
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.59	0.44	4.99	1.19	1.70
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	72.20	55.54	62.45	75.66	73.86
Past Year Heroin Use	0.49	0.07	0.73	0.50	0.53
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.61	68.59	86.00	91.32	90.59
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.46	0.22	0.71	0.45	0.48
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.20	2.87	6.66	3.97	4.34
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.92	9.60	56.79	54.81	55.08
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.89	5.22	38.53	25.04	26.87
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	41.89	41.83	32.50	43.37	41.89
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.38	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.25	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.74	6.39	34.65	27.86	28.78
Past Month Cigarette Use	21.47	4.43	25.24	22.87	23.19
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.19	62.26	60.88	68.76	67.68
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.26	3.21	8.27	2.48	3.26
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.90	0.46	1.07	0.92	0.94
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.15	1.66	10.44	4.73	5.50
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.30	3.97	15.33	6.43	7.64
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.76	2.88	7.48	2.01	2.75
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.78	1.63	9.54	4.39	5.09
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.59	3.75	13.94	5.76	6.87
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.39	4.89	5.37
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.99	20.36	21.40
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.80	18.41	18.32
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.99	4.11	5.18
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.73	14.83	6.93	8.00
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

OKLAHOMA

Table 83 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Oklahoma, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	305	23	87	195	282
Past Year Marijuana Use	416	34	127	255	381
Past Month Marijuana Use	242	17	74	151	225
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	796	68	51	677	728
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	36	14	16	6	22
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	113	8	33	72	105
Past Year Cocaine Use	63	2	25	36	61
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,369	174	284	1,911	2,194
Past Year Heroin Use	11	0	3	7	11
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,727	204	344	2,179	2,523
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	34	1	8	25	33
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	130	10	35	85	120
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,522	28	222	1,272	1,493
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	754	16	146	591	737
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,403	127	156	1,120	1,276
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	73	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	44	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	922	17	151	754	905
Past Month Cigarette Use	737	14	122	602	724
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,191	192	259	1,740	2,000
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	94	9	32	53	85
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	22	1	4	17	21
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	191	5	45	140	186
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	261	13	65	183	248
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	78	9	29	40	69
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	178	5	42	130	172
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	234	12	61	160	222
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	36	116	152
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	115	477	592
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	62	363	425
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	47	84	132
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	52	61	176	237
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

OKLAHOMA

Table 84 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Oklahoma, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.47	7.24	20.74	7.85	9.71
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.93	10.85	30.16	10.28	13.15
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.51	5.31	17.57	6.09	7.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.74	21.57	12.17	27.28	25.08
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.94	4.87	7.14	0.47	1.41
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.52	2.66	7.93	2.88	3.61
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.94	0.51	5.88	1.46	2.10
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	73.66	54.98	67.58	77.05	75.68
Past Year Heroin Use	0.34	0.08	0.78	0.29	0.37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	84.81	64.40	81.89	87.88	87.01
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.06	0.30	1.92	1.01	1.14
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.05	3.10	8.45	3.42	4.15
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	47.31	8.91	52.81	51.29	51.50
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.42	5.08	34.79	23.85	25.43
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.60	40.03	37.06	45.17	43.99
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.26	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.76	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	28.66	5.40	35.98	30.40	31.20
Past Month Cigarette Use	22.91	4.27	29.03	24.26	24.95
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.13	60.46	61.79	70.18	68.97
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.94	2.98	7.67	2.13	2.93
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.70	0.43	0.93	0.69	0.73
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.94	1.71	10.83	5.65	6.40
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.11	4.19	15.43	7.38	8.54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.44	2.86	7.00	1.61	2.39
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.52	1.72	10.00	5.25	5.94
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.28	3.92	14.62	6.47	7.65
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.48	4.68	5.23
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.50	19.23	20.43
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14.73	14.64	14.65
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.21	3.41	4.53
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	16.48	14.65	7.08	8.17
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

OREGON

Table 85 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Oregon, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	709	32	148	529	677
Past Year Marijuana Use	977	47	206	723	930
Past Month Marijuana Use	668	29	138	502	640
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	582	42	29	511	540
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	58	16	24	18	42
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	149	9	37	102	140
Past Year Cocaine Use	110	2	40	67	107
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,219	150	218	1,851	2,069
Past Year Heroin Use	14	0	2	11	13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,920	182	319	2,419	2,738
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	36	1	7	28	35
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	161	10	32	119	151
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,034	31	253	1,750	2,003
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	879	15	160	703	864
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,469	107	125	1,236	1,362
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	99	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	61	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	746	14	125	608	733
Past Month Cigarette Use	587	10	98	479	578
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,584	193	285	2,106	2,391
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	121	10	38	73	111
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	26	1	4	21	25
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	259	7	53	199	252
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	337	14	76	247	323
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	107	10	35	63	97
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	253	7	52	194	246
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	313	13	73	227	300
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	36	135	172
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	123	608	731
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	69	489	558
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	52	123	175
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	52	64	225	289
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

OREGON

Table 86 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Oregon, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	19.97	10.79	35.56	18.63	20.80
Past Year Marijuana Use	27.53	16.09	49.57	25.48	28.56
Past Month Marijuana Use	18.83	9.71	33.11	17.68	19.65
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	16.38	14.19	6.86	18.01	16.57
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.72	6.75	14.44	1.43	3.13
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	4.19	3.04	9.01	3.61	4.30
Past Year Cocaine Use	3.09	0.80	9.72	2.36	3.30
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	62.54	51.04	52.49	65.19	63.55
Past Year Heroin Use	0.38	0.07	0.53	0.39	0.41
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	82.29	61.94	76.77	85.18	84.10
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.00	0.24	1.65	0.99	1.07
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.53	3.35	7.79	4.18	4.64
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	57.30	10.59	60.80	61.62	61.52
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.77	5.21	38.58	24.77	26.54
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	41.38	36.43	30.15	43.53	41.82
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.73	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.42	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.03	4.60	29.97	21.41	22.51
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.54	3.25	23.66	16.87	17.74
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.80	65.54	68.43	74.18	73.45
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.40	3.42	9.03	2.58	3.40
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.75	0.50	0.90	0.75	0.77
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	7.29	2.42	12.75	6.99	7.73
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	9.50	4.65	18.38	8.70	9.94
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.02	3.25	8.36	2.21	3.00
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	7.12	2.31	12.49	6.84	7.56
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.82	4.34	17.56	8.01	9.23
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.76	4.76	5.27
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	29.56	21.40	22.45
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.58	17.21	17.13
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.50	4.32	5.36
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	17.57	15.32	7.92	8.86
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

PENNSYLVANIA

Table 87 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Pennsylvania, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,071	62	277	733	1,009
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,542	101	455	986	1,441
Past Month Marijuana Use	911	49	259	603	862
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,564	206	150	2,207	2,358
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	105	42	50	13	63
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	323	19	93	211	304
Past Year Cocaine Use	231	5	87	139	226
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	7,665	487	781	6,397	7,178
Past Year Heroin Use	64	0	14	50	64
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	9,538	608	1,101	7,829	8,930
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	57	2	13	42	55
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	404	22	87	296	383
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	6,055	85	781	5,189	5,970
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	2,841	46	534	2,261	2,795
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	4,400	337	438	3,625	4,063
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	256	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	161	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,689	45	416	2,228	2,644
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,099	29	299	1,770	2,070
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	7,595	588	867	6,141	7,007
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	293	24	89	180	269
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	67	3	13	51	63
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	559	15	146	398	544
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	758	31	205	522	727
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	248	21	76	152	228
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	526	14	141	371	511
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	676	30	186	461	646
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	97	349	447
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	357	1,458	1,814
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	240	1,388	1,628
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	135	280	416
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	109	178	547	724
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

PENNSYLVANIA

Table 88 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Pennsylvania, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.85	6.72	21.07	8.48	10.14
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.18	11.03	34.65	11.41	14.47
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.38	5.31	19.71	6.98	8.66
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.57	22.50	11.46	25.54	23.67
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.88	4.98	7.74	0.38	1.36
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.98	2.12	7.06	2.45	3.05
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.12	0.53	6.60	1.61	2.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.52	53.13	59.48	74.02	72.09
Past Year Heroin Use	0.59	0.05	1.03	0.58	0.64
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.76	66.36	83.86	90.59	89.70
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.53	0.19	0.98	0.49	0.56
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.72	2.38	6.62	3.42	3.84
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	55.70	9.31	59.48	60.04	59.97
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.14	5.04	40.64	26.17	28.08
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	40.48	36.82	33.34	41.95	40.81
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.67	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.77	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.73	4.89	31.67	25.78	26.56
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.31	3.17	22.79	20.48	20.79
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.87	64.20	65.99	71.05	70.39
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.69	2.57	6.80	2.08	2.70
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.61	0.35	0.97	0.59	0.64
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.14	1.63	11.13	4.60	5.46
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.97	3.42	15.63	6.03	7.30
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.28	2.26	5.78	1.75	2.29
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.84	1.55	10.71	4.29	5.14
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.22	3.23	14.14	5.33	6.49
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.42	4.04	4.49
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.16	16.87	18.23
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.27	16.06	16.35
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.32	3.24	4.17
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.88	13.54	6.32	7.27
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

RHODE ISLAND

Table 89 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Rhode Island, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	152	8	39	105	144
Past Year Marijuana Use	189	11	54	124	177
Past Month Marijuana Use	133	6	37	90	127
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	187	15	12	159	172
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	14	4	6	3	10
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	37	2	10	25	35
Past Year Cocaine Use	24	0	9	14	23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	621	39	71	511	582
Past Year Heroin Use	4	0	1	3	4
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	777	46	102	630	731
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	4	0	1	4	4
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	36	2	8	26	34
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	530	8	81	441	522
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	251	4	54	193	247
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	386	31	44	311	355
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	35	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	184	3	34	147	181
Past Month Cigarette Use	152	2	26	124	150
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	675	48	87	541	627
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	28	2	11	15	26
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	5	0	1	4	5
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	60	1	15	44	59
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	77	3	22	52	74
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	26	2	10	14	24
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	54	1	15	38	53
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	70	3	21	46	67
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	10	32	41
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	31	147	178
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	22	147	169
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	14	25	39
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	10	16	52	67
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

RHODE ISLAND

Table 90 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Rhode Island, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	16.71	10.54	31.46	14.75	17.24
Past Year Marijuana Use	20.74	15.36	42.90	17.39	21.21
Past Month Marijuana Use	14.65	8.61	29.26	12.70	15.17
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	20.54	21.12	9.91	22.37	20.49
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.24	7.07	11.54	1.02	2.57
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	4.07	2.55	8.32	3.48	4.21
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.61	0.56	7.34	1.99	2.79
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.24	53.13	56.51	71.84	69.54
Past Year Heroin Use	0.41	0.06	0.55	0.42	0.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.47	62.99	81.27	88.48	87.40
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.49	0.20	0.51	0.51	0.51
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.94	2.38	6.53	3.64	4.07
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	58.21	10.39	65.04	61.93	62.39
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	27.55	5.22	43.06	27.12	29.50
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	42.47	42.95	35.10	43.72	42.43
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	27.40	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.65	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.18	3.79	26.84	20.69	21.61
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.65	2.55	20.76	17.38	17.88
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	74.22	65.80	69.08	75.98	74.95
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.10	2.99	8.56	2.14	3.11
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.60	0.40	0.85	0.57	0.61
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.63	1.92	12.01	6.17	7.05
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.42	4.05	17.27	7.31	8.80
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.90	2.89	7.85	2.03	2.90
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.99	1.78	11.82	5.39	6.35
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.71	3.85	16.63	6.53	8.04
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.77	4.44	4.93
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.97	20.68	21.32
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.39	20.64	20.15
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.11	3.53	4.66
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.40	12.56	7.27	8.06
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

SOUTH CAROLINA

Table 91 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in South Carolina, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	416	29	107	279	387
Past Year Marijuana Use	578	46	150	383	532
Past Month Marijuana Use	352	24	97	231	328
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,122	91	66	966	1,031
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	44	19	20	6	25
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	152	10	36	106	142
Past Year Cocaine Use	88	2	32	54	86
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,174	203	335	2,636	2,971
Past Year Heroin Use	8	0	2	6	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,727	247	425	3,055	3,480
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	27	1	6	20	26
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	167	13	38	115	154
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,072	34	259	1,780	2,038
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,129	18	175	935	1,111
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,848	163	192	1,493	1,685
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	105	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	71	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,125	27	158	940	1,098
Past Month Cigarette Use	915	18	125	771	896
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,930	244	320	2,367	2,687
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	115	11	36	68	104
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	27	1	6	20	26
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	235	6	58	171	230
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	308	15	82	211	293
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	98	10	33	55	88
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	220	6	53	161	214
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	283	14	78	191	270
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	38	145	183
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	119	586	706
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	73	529	602
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	59	130	189
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	51	63	207	270
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

SOUTH CAROLINA

Table 92 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in South Carolina, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.84	7.80	21.15	8.35	10.04
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.69	12.32	29.50	11.44	13.82
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.32	6.34	19.18	6.89	8.51
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	26.53	24.23	12.92	28.86	26.75
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.81	5.51	6.89	0.34	1.22
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.61	2.71	7.11	3.18	3.69
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.07	0.46	6.24	1.62	2.23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	75.10	54.20	66.03	78.79	77.10
Past Year Heroin Use	0.19	0.05	0.40	0.17	0.20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.19	66.11	83.79	91.29	90.30
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.63	0.22	1.15	0.60	0.67
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.95	3.47	7.56	3.45	3.99
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49.03	9.20	50.95	53.19	52.89
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.72	4.91	34.57	27.96	28.83
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.73	43.63	37.89	44.63	43.74
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.69	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.94	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.62	7.19	31.16	28.09	28.50
Past Month Cigarette Use	21.64	4.92	24.65	23.04	23.26
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.32	65.16	62.97	70.74	69.72
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.72	2.82	7.16	2.03	2.71
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.65	0.35	1.11	0.61	0.67
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.57	1.58	11.49	5.12	5.96
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.28	3.95	16.10	6.31	7.60
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.32	2.68	6.48	1.64	2.28
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.21	1.57	10.51	4.81	5.56
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.70	3.64	15.40	5.72	7.00
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.53	4.34	4.76
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.53	17.52	18.31
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14.29	15.81	15.61
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.68	3.87	4.90
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.56	12.34	6.18	6.99
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

SOUTH DAKOTA

Table 93 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in South Dakota, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	60	5	18	37	55
Past Year Marijuana Use	86	7	26	52	79
Past Month Marijuana Use	51	4	16	31	47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	183	18	11	154	165
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	7	3	3	1	5
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	21	2	5	13	19
Past Year Cocaine Use	8	0	3	4	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	504	36	57	411	468
Past Year Heroin Use	2	0	0	1	2
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	595	41	74	480	554
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	5	0	1	3	4
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	29	2	6	20	26
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	413	7	60	346	406
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	211	4	41	165	206
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	276	26	29	221	251
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	189	5	33	151	184
Past Month Cigarette Use	139	3	22	113	135
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	473	44	56	373	429
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	22	2	7	12	19
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	5	0	1	4	5
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	48	2	13	34	47
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	62	3	17	42	59
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	19	2	7	10	17
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	46	2	13	32	45
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	56	3	17	37	53
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9	21	30
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26	86	112
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18	80	97
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11	16	27
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	9	14	27	41
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

SOUTH DAKOTA

Table 94 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in South Dakota, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.45	6.91	19.56	6.79	8.62
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.12	10.83	28.62	9.52	12.26
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.12	5.26	17.70	5.58	7.31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.74	26.54	11.50	28.03	25.65
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.58	4.17	6.85	0.31	1.16
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.88	2.55	5.96	2.41	2.92
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.14	0.43	3.60	0.82	1.22
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.86	52.49	61.68	74.65	72.78
Past Year Heroin Use	0.22	0.05	0.49	0.20	0.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.77	60.75	79.85	87.24	86.17
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.64	0.25	1.22	0.59	0.68
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.07	3.63	6.64	3.70	4.12
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	58.06	9.99	64.91	62.87	63.16
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	29.63	6.17	44.89	29.99	32.12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	38.84	37.41	31.75	40.20	38.99
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22.27	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.82	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.55	7.17	35.71	27.42	28.60
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.50	4.88	24.22	20.52	21.05
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	66.57	64.12	61.22	67.76	66.83
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.03	3.11	7.95	2.19	3.02
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.73	0.51	0.96	0.72	0.75
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.79	2.60	13.87	6.13	7.24
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.75	4.78	18.26	7.65	9.17
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.60	2.81	7.40	1.78	2.58
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.52	2.34	13.75	5.83	6.96
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.91	4.58	18.03	6.63	8.26
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9.39	3.80	4.60
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28.51	15.65	17.49
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	19.07	14.48	15.14
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.35	2.86	4.21
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.53	15.11	4.96	6.41
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

TENNESSEE

Table 95 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Tennessee, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	564	39	150	375	525
Past Year Marijuana Use	739	59	207	473	679
Past Month Marijuana Use	482	31	137	314	451
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,539	137	84	1,318	1,402
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	50	24	21	5	26
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	181	12	44	125	169
Past Year Cocaine Use	106	2	35	69	103
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	4,262	280	470	3,511	3,982
Past Year Heroin Use	18	0	4	14	18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,916	332	571	4,013	4,584
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	43	1	10	33	42
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	211	13	47	151	198
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,458	48	337	2,073	2,411
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,124	26	187	910	1,097
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,577	227	256	2,094	2,350
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	123	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	69	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,596	33	247	1,316	1,563
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,205	22	174	1,009	1,183
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,839	321	433	3,084	3,517
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	157	15	47	95	142
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	42	2	8	32	40
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	258	9	56	193	249
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	377	20	90	267	357
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	134	14	42	78	120
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	252	9	57	187	243
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	344	19	84	241	325
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	53	199	252
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	175	762	937
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	98	668	766
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	74	156	230
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	63	87	269	356
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

TENNESSEE

Table 96 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Tennessee, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.99	7.54	21.73	8.45	10.24
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.09	11.61	29.95	10.64	13.24
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.55	6.11	19.88	7.07	8.79
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	27.26	26.87	12.14	29.66	27.29
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.60	5.07	5.53	0.27	1.02
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.20	2.41	6.35	2.81	3.28
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.88	0.47	5.02	1.55	2.02
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	75.51	54.73	68.16	79.03	77.56
Past Year Heroin Use	0.32	0.05	0.63	0.31	0.35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.12	64.85	82.77	90.32	89.30
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.77	0.24	1.38	0.73	0.82
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.75	2.57	6.84	3.40	3.86
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	43.55	9.35	48.84	46.67	46.96
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	19.91	5.14	27.07	20.49	21.38
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	45.65	44.37	37.07	47.14	45.78
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.20	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.08	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	28.28	6.52	35.78	29.62	30.45
Past Month Cigarette Use	21.35	4.34	25.19	22.71	23.04
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.01	62.87	62.69	69.42	68.52
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.78	2.96	6.82	2.13	2.76
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.74	0.40	1.15	0.72	0.78
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.57	1.74	8.16	4.34	4.86
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.68	3.91	13.08	6.00	6.95
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.38	2.69	6.06	1.77	2.34
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.46	1.70	8.22	4.20	4.74
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.09	3.64	12.17	5.43	6.33
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.71	4.48	4.91
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.39	17.16	18.26
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14.20	15.03	14.92
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.69	3.52	4.48
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.27	12.59	6.06	6.94
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

TEXAS

Table 97 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Texas, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,814	150	524	1,140	1,664
Past Year Marijuana Use	2,559	244	817	1,498	2,315
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,402	119	455	829	1,284
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	7,691	702	544	6,444	6,989
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	265	102	119	44	163
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	682	55	180	447	626
Past Year Cocaine Use	328	11	124	194	317
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	17,716	1,439	2,189	14,088	16,276
Past Year Heroin Use	48	1	14	33	47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	20,206	1,647	2,615	15,944	18,559
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	127	3	25	98	123
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	860	80	191	589	780
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	10,700	202	1,557	8,941	10,498
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	5,514	99	971	4,443	5,415
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	11,458	1,173	1,372	8,912	10,285
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	608	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	337	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	4,917	85	773	4,059	4,832
Past Month Cigarette Use	3,974	55	609	3,309	3,918
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	16,678	1,656	2,070	12,952	15,022
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	500	55	180	266	445
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	99	8	24	67	91
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	1,023	32	257	734	991
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,388	80	392	916	1,308
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	456	54	175	227	401
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	993	32	254	707	961
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	1,311	74	368	870	1,237
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	200	596	796
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	664	2,683	3,347
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	358	2,067	2,424
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	282	474	756
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	325	354	864	1,218
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

TEXAS

Table 98 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Texas, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	7.85	6.10	16.91	6.50	8.06
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.07	9.90	26.36	8.54	11.21
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.06	4.82	14.67	4.72	6.21
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	33.27	28.49	17.57	36.73	33.84
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.69	4.37	6.22	0.36	1.22
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.95	2.25	5.79	2.55	3.03
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.42	0.44	3.99	1.10	1.54
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	76.68	58.42	70.62	80.29	78.84
Past Year Heroin Use	0.21	0.04	0.45	0.19	0.23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.47	66.84	84.38	90.87	89.90
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.55	0.13	0.82	0.56	0.60
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.72	3.25	6.16	3.36	3.78
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	46.30	8.20	50.25	50.96	50.84
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.86	4.02	31.35	25.32	26.22
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	49.58	47.62	44.29	50.79	49.81
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.43	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.12	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.27	3.43	24.94	23.14	23.40
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.19	2.24	19.66	18.86	18.98
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.18	67.23	66.79	73.82	72.77
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.17	2.24	5.79	1.51	2.16
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.43	0.34	0.76	0.38	0.44
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.43	1.31	8.30	4.18	4.80
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.01	3.24	12.66	5.22	6.34
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1.97	2.20	5.64	1.29	1.94
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.30	1.32	8.20	4.03	4.65
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.67	2.99	11.87	4.96	5.99
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.45	3.40	3.86
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	21.42	15.29	16.21
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.54	11.78	11.74
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.10	2.70	3.66
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.20	11.41	4.93	5.89
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

UTAH

Table 99 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Utah, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	189	18	65	105	170
Past Year Marijuana Use	271	27	96	147	244
Past Month Marijuana Use	151	14	55	82	137
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	689	94	65	530	595
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	34	10	16	7	23
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	72	8	23	42	65
Past Year Cocaine Use	40	2	18	21	39
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,782	179	254	1,350	1,603
Past Year Heroin Use	7	0	2	5	7
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,073	203	314	1,556	1,870
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	16	1	4	11	16
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	94	8	26	60	86
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	694	16	127	551	679
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	374	12	92	270	362
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,162	139	159	864	1,023
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	46	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	31	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	370	9	66	295	361
Past Month Cigarette Use	304	6	54	245	298
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,841	218	275	1,348	1,623
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	62	7	23	32	55
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	16	1	4	11	15
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	109	5	32	72	104
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	150	10	44	96	140
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	55	7	21	27	48
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	106	5	32	69	102
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	138	9	43	86	129
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	40	99	139
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	123	428	550
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	75	349	424
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	55	86	141
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	51	64	153	217
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

UTAH

Table 100 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Utah, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	7.58	6.02	16.42	5.90	7.80
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.87	8.81	24.23	8.26	11.16
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.06	4.46	13.81	4.62	6.28
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	27.70	30.54	16.23	29.80	27.31
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.60	2.79	5.57	0.38	1.35
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.91	2.55	5.72	2.35	2.96
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.61	0.52	4.52	1.16	1.76
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.76	58.37	63.70	75.82	73.62
Past Year Heroin Use	0.27	0.03	0.45	0.27	0.31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.46	66.15	78.87	87.41	85.85
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.65	0.19	1.09	0.63	0.71
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.77	2.60	6.48	3.37	3.94
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	27.93	5.09	31.99	30.98	31.14
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	15.02	3.84	23.01	15.19	16.60
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.75	45.28	39.84	48.56	46.96
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.51	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	7.12	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	14.88	3.08	16.51	16.57	16.55
Past Month Cigarette Use	12.24	1.98	13.51	13.74	13.68
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	74.10	71.25	69.03	75.72	74.50
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.49	2.29	5.70	1.81	2.52
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.64	0.39	1.00	0.61	0.68
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.38	1.51	8.09	4.05	4.79
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.02	3.16	11.16	5.37	6.42
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.20	2.24	5.20	1.52	2.19
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.27	1.52	8.13	3.89	4.66
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.55	2.98	10.83	4.83	5.91
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	10.05	5.55	6.37
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	30.79	24.02	25.25
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.94	19.59	19.46
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	13.74	4.85	6.47
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	16.64	16.09	8.61	9.97
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

VERMONT

Table 101 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Vermont, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	111	6	29	76	105
Past Year Marijuana Use	138	9	38	91	129
Past Month Marijuana Use	105	5	28	72	100
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	82	6	5	70	75
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	8	3	4	1	5
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	23	1	8	14	22
Past Year Cocaine Use	19	0	8	10	18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	357	23	40	294	334
Past Year Heroin Use	4	0	1	3	4
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	466	26	61	379	440
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	3	0	1	2	3
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	21	1	5	14	20
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	340	6	52	281	334
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	150	3	36	112	147
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	216	16	23	177	200
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	132	3	28	101	129
Past Month Cigarette Use	104	2	22	80	102
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	392	27	49	315	364
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	22	2	8	12	20
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	5	0	1	4	4
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	40	1	11	29	39
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	55	2	16	37	53
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	19	2	7	10	17
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	38	1	10	26	36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	50	2	15	33	47
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7	20	27
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22	82	104
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16	98	115
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9	17	26
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	6	12	31	43
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

VERMONT

Table 102 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Vermont, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	20.30	13.92	38.41	17.79	20.82
Past Year Marijuana Use	25.33	20.69	51.44	21.27	25.71
Past Month Marijuana Use	19.30	12.67	37.67	16.76	19.84
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	14.99	15.49	6.59	16.41	14.95
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	4.01	9.57	14.66	0.88	2.96
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	4.30	3.13	10.39	3.36	4.40
Past Year Cocaine Use	3.42	0.81	11.06	2.35	3.63
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	65.59	54.43	53.83	68.68	66.49
Past Year Heroin Use	0.65	0.09	0.85	0.67	0.70
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.61	62.92	81.52	88.47	87.45
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.60	0.25	1.00	0.56	0.63
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.80	2.61	7.07	3.35	3.90
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	62.44	15.21	70.49	65.64	66.34
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	27.59	7.42	47.92	26.03	29.25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	39.63	38.38	30.75	41.29	39.73
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	31.51	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.75	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.20	7.27	37.16	23.60	25.60
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.18	5.49	29.32	18.75	20.31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.00	66.03	66.63	73.50	72.49
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	4.06	4.38	10.54	2.91	4.03
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.85	0.48	1.02	0.86	0.88
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	7.42	2.91	14.34	6.67	7.80
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	10.14	5.61	20.98	8.70	10.51
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.44	3.76	9.39	2.37	3.41
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.90	2.65	13.80	6.12	7.25
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	9.09	4.92	19.87	7.64	9.44
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9.71	4.71	5.45
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	29.59	19.10	20.65
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	21.74	22.96	22.78
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.12	4.03	5.22
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.65	15.96	7.24	8.52
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

VIRGINIA

Table 103 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Virginia, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	609	44	192	372	564
Past Year Marijuana Use	841	67	275	498	773
Past Month Marijuana Use	512	35	170	307	477
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,738	149	94	1,495	1,589
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	66	27	29	10	39
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	205	14	57	134	191
Past Year Cocaine Use	128	2	45	80	126
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	5,096	356	567	4,173	4,740
Past Year Heroin Use	24	0	4	20	24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	6,028	408	715	4,905	5,620
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	26	1	4	21	25
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	244	15	58	171	229
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,595	57	497	3,041	3,538
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,606	30	322	1,254	1,576
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	3,169	283	329	2,557	2,886
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	159	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	99	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,419	28	270	1,121	1,391
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,093	18	202	873	1,075
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	5,222	437	600	4,185	4,784
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	179	16	60	103	163
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	43	2	7	33	40
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	364	10	89	265	354
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	492	22	131	339	470
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	155	15	57	82	140
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	361	10	90	261	351
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	467	22	125	320	445
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	60	204	264
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	223	891	1,115
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	125	816	941
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	90	177	267
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	90	111	290	402
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

VIRGINIA

Table 104 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Virginia, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.64	7.05	21.97	6.72	8.80
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.93	10.69	31.48	8.99	12.05
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.27	5.64	19.50	5.53	7.43
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.66	23.71	10.74	26.98	24.75
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.68	4.66	6.50	0.37	1.19
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.91	2.19	6.49	2.42	2.98
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.82	0.37	5.19	1.45	1.96
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	72.34	56.59	64.82	75.29	73.86
Past Year Heroin Use	0.34	0.04	0.50	0.35	0.37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.59	64.88	81.82	88.49	87.58
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.37	0.15	0.49	0.37	0.39
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.46	2.33	6.65	3.09	3.57
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.02	9.13	56.81	54.87	55.13
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.80	4.77	36.84	22.63	24.56
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	44.98	45.01	37.66	46.13	44.97
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.35	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.78	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.13	4.39	30.92	20.22	21.68
Past Month Cigarette Use	15.51	2.78	23.13	15.75	16.76
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	74.12	69.50	68.60	75.50	74.56
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.54	2.53	6.88	1.86	2.54
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.61	0.37	0.84	0.60	0.63
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.17	1.63	10.15	4.78	5.52
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.99	3.56	15.01	6.11	7.32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.20	2.40	6.56	1.49	2.18
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.12	1.62	10.31	4.70	5.47
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.63	3.45	14.33	5.78	6.94
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.89	3.68	4.12
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.57	16.08	17.38
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14.30	14.72	14.66
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.33	3.19	4.16
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.28	12.74	5.24	6.26
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WASHINGTON

Table 105 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Washington, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,118	61	232	825	1,057
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,467	87	328	1,052	1,380
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,024	54	224	746	971
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,036	90	60	886	946
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	110	28	44	38	82
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	221	15	48	157	205
Past Year Cocaine Use	154	3	50	100	150
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,874	269	380	3,225	3,606
Past Year Heroin Use	19	0	4	15	19
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	5,113	334	560	4,219	4,779
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	50	1	9	40	49
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	258	17	46	195	241
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,539	60	443	3,037	3,479
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,358	30	258	1,069	1,328
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,571	204	252	2,114	2,366
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	180	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	98	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,350	31	184	1,135	1,319
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,098	19	144	935	1,079
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	4,422	352	477	3,593	4,070
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	216	21	67	128	196
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	41	3	6	33	39
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	368	13	82	272	354
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	514	27	124	363	487
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	193	19	62	112	174
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	347	12	81	254	335
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	473	25	116	332	447
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	58	242	300
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	218	1,051	1,269
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	127	845	972
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	85	218	303
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	85	106	381	487
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WASHINGTON

Table 106 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Washington, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	17.89	11.31	31.44	16.59	18.51
Past Year Marijuana Use	23.48	16.11	44.50	21.16	24.18
Past Month Marijuana Use	16.39	9.94	30.44	15.01	17.01
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	16.57	16.65	8.12	17.83	16.56
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.59	6.24	12.51	1.48	3.07
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.53	2.82	6.56	3.16	3.60
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.46	0.63	6.85	2.01	2.64
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	62.01	49.62	51.61	64.88	63.16
Past Year Heroin Use	0.30	0.06	0.54	0.29	0.33
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	81.84	61.74	75.97	84.87	83.72
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.80	0.20	1.22	0.80	0.86
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.13	3.20	6.21	3.93	4.22
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	56.64	11.13	60.08	61.08	60.96
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	21.74	5.57	35.07	21.51	23.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	41.14	37.75	34.23	42.53	41.46
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.86	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.92	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.60	5.66	24.95	22.84	23.11
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.58	3.57	19.55	18.81	18.91
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	70.77	65.00	64.72	72.28	71.31
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.46	3.83	9.14	2.58	3.43
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.66	0.47	0.82	0.66	0.68
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.89	2.49	11.13	5.48	6.21
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.22	5.01	16.78	7.30	8.53
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.09	3.50	8.42	2.25	3.05
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.56	2.30	11.00	5.11	5.87
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.57	4.67	15.73	6.67	7.84
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.85	4.88	5.26
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	29.52	21.15	22.23
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.25	17.00	17.03
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.48	4.39	5.30
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.66	14.42	7.66	8.53
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WEST VIRGINIA

Table 107 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in West Virginia, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	163	9	36	118	154
Past Year Marijuana Use	222	14	54	154	208
Past Month Marijuana Use	145	8	34	104	137
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	389	29	18	342	360
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	14	6	6	2	8
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	47	3	11	33	44
Past Year Cocaine Use	28	1	9	18	27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,159	69	120	970	1,090
Past Year Heroin Use	8	0	2	6	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,384	83	155	1,146	1,301
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	18	1	4	13	17
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	59	4	11	44	55
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	605	12	89	503	593
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	313	7	60	246	306
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	664	48	62	554	616
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	37	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	539	10	77	452	529
Past Month Cigarette Use	428	7	57	363	420
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,000	81	107	812	919
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	44	4	13	27	40
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	12	1	2	9	11
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	66	2	15	49	64
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	101	5	24	71	96
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	36	3	11	21	32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	64	2	15	47	62
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	92	5	22	65	87
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	15	67	82
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	47	290	337
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	31	232	263
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	21	54	75
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	18	26	99	125
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WEST VIRGINIA

Table 108 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in West Virginia, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.58	7.42	20.20	9.52	10.86
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.39	11.42	30.39	12.40	14.65
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.42	6.25	18.91	8.37	9.70
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.22	22.95	10.04	27.63	25.42
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.66	5.31	6.35	0.34	1.10
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.04	2.34	6.35	2.64	3.10
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.82	0.61	5.27	1.45	1.93
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	75.18	54.97	67.66	78.28	76.95
Past Year Heroin Use	0.50	0.07	0.89	0.49	0.54
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	89.77	66.01	87.19	92.51	91.84
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.16	0.42	2.34	1.06	1.22
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.82	2.89	6.35	3.55	3.90
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	39.23	9.72	50.35	40.62	41.84
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	20.28	5.38	33.93	19.83	21.60
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.06	38.50	34.92	44.68	43.46
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.24	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.92	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	34.95	8.06	43.23	36.48	37.33
Past Month Cigarette Use	27.73	5.82	32.17	29.31	29.67
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	64.82	64.35	60.26	65.52	64.86
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.88	3.18	7.37	2.21	2.85
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.75	0.45	1.11	0.73	0.78
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.29	1.57	8.41	3.98	4.53
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.54	4.08	13.75	5.75	6.76
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.30	2.72	6.13	1.71	2.27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.15	1.61	8.31	3.81	4.37
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.95	3.93	12.40	5.23	6.13
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.49	5.39	5.78
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.28	23.44	23.80
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.43	18.72	18.56
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.60	4.35	5.26
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.66	14.69	7.98	8.81
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WISCONSIN

Table 109 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Wisconsin, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	509	33	141	334	476
Past Year Marijuana Use	666	52	191	423	614
Past Month Marijuana Use	436	27	132	277	409
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	996	90	61	846	906
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	55	24	24	7	31
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	172	11	42	119	161
Past Year Cocaine Use	113	3	43	67	110
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,374	222	379	2,773	3,151
Past Year Heroin Use	20	0	4	16	20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,243	282	513	3,448	3,961
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	35	1	8	26	34
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	206	14	42	150	192
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,918	46	412	2,460	2,871
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,468	26	276	1,165	1,441
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,885	161	192	1,532	1,724
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	167	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	105	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,144	20	190	934	1,124
Past Month Cigarette Use	915	14	145	756	901
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,276	285	386	2,605	2,991
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	129	12	41	75	117
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	30	2	6	22	28
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	335	9	91	235	326
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	405	18	109	278	387
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	118	11	39	68	107
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	316	9	86	221	307
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	366	17	105	244	349
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	53	191	244
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	171	688	859
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	107	687	794
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	76	155	231
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	68	95	268	363
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WISCONSIN

Table 110 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Wisconsin, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.39	7.48	22.74	8.72	10.67
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.58	11.66	30.66	11.04	13.77
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.89	6.09	21.24	7.22	9.17
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	20.33	20.27	9.76	22.06	20.33
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.95	5.46	7.56	0.39	1.35
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.51	2.39	6.75	3.11	3.62
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.30	0.60	6.98	1.74	2.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.88	50.13	60.87	72.32	70.72
Past Year Heroin Use	0.41	0.05	0.69	0.41	0.45
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.64	63.62	82.41	89.94	88.89
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.71	0.21	1.28	0.67	0.76
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.21	3.22	6.69	3.92	4.30
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	59.56	10.46	66.17	64.16	64.44
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	29.96	5.95	44.44	30.38	32.34
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	38.47	36.21	30.91	39.96	38.69
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23.65	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.96	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	23.36	4.55	30.53	24.37	25.22
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.68	3.09	23.31	19.73	20.23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	66.87	64.14	62.08	67.95	67.13
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.63	2.75	6.64	1.96	2.61
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.61	0.42	0.90	0.58	0.63
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.84	2.11	14.58	6.13	7.31
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.26	4.07	17.49	7.26	8.68
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.41	2.56	6.22	1.78	2.40
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.44	1.98	13.75	5.78	6.89
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.47	3.90	16.86	6.37	7.83
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.57	4.99	5.48
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.49	17.94	19.26
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.13	17.93	17.81
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.16	4.05	5.17
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.31	15.30	6.99	8.14
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WYOMING

Table 111 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Wyoming, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	43	4	11	29	39
Past Year Marijuana Use	63	6	18	39	57
Past Month Marijuana Use	37	3	10	24	34
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	109	10	8	91	98
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	6	2	2	1	3
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	12	1	3	8	11
Past Year Cocaine Use	6	0	2	4	6
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	337	24	35	277	313
Past Year Heroin Use	1	0	0	1	1
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	412	29	47	336	383
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	3	0	1	2	3
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	18	1	4	13	17
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	234	5	32	197	229
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	114	2	21	90	111
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	197	18	19	159	179
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	130	3	22	104	127
Past Month Cigarette Use	96	2	17	76	94
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	320	27	34	259	293
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	12	1	4	7	10
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	3	0	1	2	3
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	27	1	6	19	26
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	33	2	8	23	31
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	10	1	3	5	9
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	25	1	6	18	24
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	30	2	7	21	28
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	5	16	21
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	16	72	88
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	10	54	64
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	7	14	22
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	7	8	22	30
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.

191016

WYOMING

Table 112 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Wyoming, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2017-2018 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.96	8.05	18.38	7.62	9.06
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.08	12.53	30.40	10.49	13.14
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.73	6.34	17.57	6.38	7.88
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	22.73	23.60	13.00	24.13	22.64
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.98	5.29	6.97	0.50	1.39
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.58	2.23	5.18	2.22	2.61
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.31	0.54	4.23	0.95	1.39
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.57	54.94	60.94	73.88	72.15
Past Year Heroin Use	0.23	0.07	0.51	0.21	0.25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.18	64.67	81.03	89.48	88.35
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.59	0.22	1.17	0.54	0.62
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.85	3.10	7.32	3.41	3.93
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	48.90	10.36	54.70	52.56	52.85
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.84	5.49	36.54	24.06	25.72
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	41.19	40.84	33.48	42.41	41.22
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.10	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.67	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	27.13	6.77	38.50	27.79	29.22
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.02	4.72	30.07	20.28	21.58
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	66.97	61.19	58.61	68.93	67.55
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.42	2.97	6.35	1.75	2.36
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.65	0.39	1.08	0.61	0.68
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.61	2.67	11.14	5.10	5.91
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.00	4.63	14.11	6.19	7.25
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.10	2.81	5.80	1.44	2.02
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.32	2.32	10.29	4.91	5.63
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.27	4.23	12.64	5.53	6.48
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9.03	4.20	4.84
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28.46	19.09	20.34
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.88	14.41	14.87
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.84	3.84	5.04
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.91	14.14	5.89	6.98
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ ÷ (0.5 × X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2017-2018 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or snus), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2017 and 2018.