National Survey on Drug Use and Health: 2016-2017 State-Specific Tables of Model-Based Estimates (Totals and Percentages), SAMHSA, CBHSQ

180816

UNITED STATES

Table 1 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the United States, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	29,519	1,962	8,156	19,400	27,557
Past Year Marijuana Use	39,252	3,038	11,678	24,535	36,214
Past Month Marijuana Use	24,988	1,611	7,387	15,990	23,377
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	72,913	6,418	4,440	62,056	66,496
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3,105	1,167	1,425	513	1,938
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	9,139	605	2,436	6,097	8,533
Past Year Cocaine Use	5,507	131	2,023	3,353	5,376
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	193,711	13,957	22,008	157,746	179,754
Past Year Heroin Use	917	13	220	683	903
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	232,771	16,427	28,501	187,843	216,344
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1,512	40	320	1,152	1,472
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	11,297	824	2,457	8,016	10,473
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	138,664	2,377	19,542	116,745	136,287
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	65,982	1,262	12,955	51,765	64,720
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	120,507	10,921	12,925	96,661	109,586
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	7,354	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	4,528	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	62,250	1,270	10,165	50,815	60,980
Past Month Cigarette Use	50,013	821	7,887	41,305	49,192
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	195,523	17,004	23,269	155,250	178,519
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	7,463	765	2,470	4,228	6,698
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	1,715	125	315	1,275	1,590
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	14,781	465	3,564	10,751	14,315
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	19,906	1,028	5,156	13,722	18,878
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	6,635	727	2,265	3,644	5,908
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	14,133	447	3,442	10,244	13,686
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	18,453	969	4,845	12,640	17,484
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	2,300	8,475	10,775
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8,242	37,399	45,641
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	4,785	31,112	35,897
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	3,321	6,987	10,308
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	3,243	4,117	12,832	16,949
-- Not available. NOTE: Numbers in this table are based on national design-based estimates. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

UNITED STATES

Table 2 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the United States, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.90	7.88	23.69	9.18	11.21
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.50	12.19	33.91	11.61	14.73
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.23	6.46	21.45	7.56	9.51
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	26.91	25.75	12.89	29.35	27.03
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.03	5.22	7.98	0.45	1.48
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.38	2.43	7.07	2.88	3.47
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.03	0.53	5.88	1.59	2.19
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.55	56.01	63.91	74.62	73.11
Past Year Heroin Use	0.34	0.05	0.64	0.32	0.37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.00	65.92	82.76	88.85	88.00
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.56	0.16	0.93	0.55	0.60
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.17	3.31	7.13	3.79	4.26
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.21	9.54	56.74	55.22	55.43
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.37	5.06	37.62	24.49	26.33
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	44.50	43.83	37.53	45.72	44.57
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.50	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.00	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	22.99	5.10	29.52	24.04	24.80
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.47	3.29	22.90	19.54	20.01
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.21	68.24	67.57	73.44	72.61
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.76	3.07	7.17	2.00	2.72
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.63	0.50	0.91	0.60	0.65
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.46	1.87	10.35	5.09	5.82
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.35	4.13	14.97	6.49	7.68
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.45	2.92	6.58	1.72	2.40
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.22	1.79	9.99	4.85	5.57
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.82	3.89	14.07	5.98	7.11
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.68	4.01	4.38
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.93	17.69	18.57
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.90	14.72	14.60
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.64	3.31	4.19
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.01	11.95	6.07	6.89
-- Not available. NOTE: The percentages in this table are based on national design-based estimates. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NORTHEAST REGION

Table 3 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the Northeast Region, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	5,536	329	1,634	3,574	5,208
Past Year Marijuana Use	7,239	501	2,285	4,453	6,737
Past Month Marijuana Use	4,713	276	1,498	2,940	4,437
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	12,153	1,034	711	10,408	11,119
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	556	195	263	98	361
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	1,633	84	467	1,083	1,549
Past Year Cocaine Use	1,124	22	403	699	1,102
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	33,037	2,278	3,616	27,143	30,759
Past Year Heroin Use	214	2	46	165	212
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	41,230	2,715	4,997	33,517	38,514
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	136	4	28	104	132
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	1,808	107	399	1,301	1,700
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	27,062	434	3,810	22,817	26,628
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	12,679	238	2,635	9,806	12,441
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	20,642	1,788	2,084	16,770	18,853
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,438	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	938	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	10,502	187	1,802	8,513	10,315
Past Month Cigarette Use	8,408	120	1,348	6,940	8,288
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	35,602	2,904	4,172	28,525	32,697
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,336	116	462	758	1,220
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	300	17	52	231	283
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	2,692	74	662	1,956	2,617
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	3,656	157	985	2,514	3,499
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1,187	108	405	674	1,079
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	2,591	70	635	1,886	2,521
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	3,327	149	908	2,270	3,178
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	396	1,430	1,827
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	1,452	6,446	7,898
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	915	5,955	6,870
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	572	1,177	1,749
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	495	709	2,255	2,964
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. NOTE: The Northeast region includes the following states: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NORTHEAST REGION

Table 4 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the Northeast Region, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.55	8.06	27.12	9.45	11.87
Past Year Marijuana Use	15.10	12.29	37.92	11.77	15.36
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.83	6.76	24.86	7.77	10.12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.33	25.34	11.80	27.51	25.33
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.17	5.34	9.06	0.53	1.65
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.41	2.05	7.74	2.86	3.53
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.34	0.53	6.69	1.85	2.51
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.92	55.84	60.02	71.73	70.12
Past Year Heroin Use	0.45	0.05	0.77	0.44	0.48
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.02	66.55	82.95	88.58	87.80
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.28	0.10	0.47	0.28	0.30
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.77	2.63	6.62	3.44	3.88
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	56.44	10.64	63.24	60.30	60.71
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.45	5.83	43.73	25.92	28.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.05	43.83	34.58	44.32	42.98
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22.91	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.94	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.91	4.59	29.91	22.50	23.52
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.54	2.94	22.38	18.34	18.90
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	74.26	71.19	69.24	75.39	74.54
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.79	2.84	7.67	2.00	2.78
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.63	0.42	0.86	0.61	0.64
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.61	1.82	10.98	5.17	5.97
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.63	3.84	16.35	6.64	7.98
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.48	2.65	6.73	1.78	2.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.40	1.72	10.54	4.98	5.75
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.94	3.65	15.07	6.00	7.25
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.58	3.78	4.16
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.10	17.03	18.01
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.18	15.74	15.66
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.50	3.11	3.99
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.14	11.77	5.96	6.76
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: The Northeast region includes the following states: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MIDWEST REGION

Table 5 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the Midwest Region, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	5,868	416	1,693	3,759	5,452
Past Year Marijuana Use	7,896	677	2,469	4,749	7,219
Past Month Marijuana Use	4,984	340	1,529	3,114	4,643
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	13,543	1,316	811	11,417	12,228
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	692	264	327	100	428
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	1,864	128	529	1,206	1,735
Past Year Cocaine Use	1,005	27	383	595	978
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	40,605	2,906	4,655	33,044	37,699
Past Year Heroin Use	197	3	48	146	194
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	48,972	3,485	6,109	39,377	45,486
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	287	8	70	209	279
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	2,421	180	546	1,695	2,241
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	30,919	536	4,463	25,920	30,383
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	15,030	297	3,046	11,687	14,733
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	22,916	2,151	2,430	18,335	20,765
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,729	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,108	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	14,615	314	2,405	11,896	14,301
Past Month Cigarette Use	11,726	215	1,838	9,673	11,511
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	39,009	3,494	4,706	30,809	35,515
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,491	152	486	853	1,339
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	382	26	73	282	355
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	3,312	106	842	2,364	3,206
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	4,342	217	1,126	2,999	4,125
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1,307	136	434	736	1,170
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	3,139	100	783	2,255	3,038
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	3,974	204	1,062	2,709	3,771
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	520	1,874	2,394
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	1,830	7,852	9,682
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	1,178	7,304	8,482
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	733	1,510	2,243
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	741	926	2,806	3,732
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. NOTE: The Midwest region includes the following states: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MIDWEST REGION

Table 6 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the Midwest Region, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.32	7.82	23.06	8.50	10.57
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.88	12.74	33.63	10.74	14.00
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.76	6.40	20.83	7.04	9.00
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.80	24.74	11.04	25.82	23.70
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.21	5.51	8.74	0.46	1.62
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.28	2.41	7.21	2.73	3.37
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.77	0.51	5.22	1.34	1.90
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.40	54.66	63.40	74.73	73.11
Past Year Heroin Use	0.35	0.05	0.65	0.33	0.38
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.13	65.55	83.20	89.05	88.21
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.51	0.16	0.95	0.47	0.54
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.26	3.38	7.44	3.83	4.35
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	54.36	10.09	60.78	58.62	58.92
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.42	5.59	41.48	26.43	28.57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	40.29	40.45	33.09	41.46	40.27
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.36	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.70	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	25.69	5.91	32.75	26.90	27.73
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.61	4.04	25.03	21.88	22.32
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.59	65.71	64.09	69.67	68.88
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.62	2.86	6.62	1.93	2.60
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.67	0.50	1.00	0.64	0.69
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.82	1.99	11.47	5.35	6.22
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.63	4.09	15.33	6.78	8.00
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.30	2.56	5.91	1.67	2.27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.52	1.89	10.67	5.10	5.89
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.99	3.83	14.46	6.13	7.31
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.09	4.24	4.64
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.92	17.76	18.78
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.04	16.52	16.45
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.98	3.41	4.35
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.93	12.61	6.35	7.24
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: The Midwest region includes the following states: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

SOUTH REGION

Table 7 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the South Region, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9,325	698	2,656	5,971	8,627
Past Year Marijuana Use	12,478	1,051	3,877	7,550	11,427
Past Month Marijuana Use	7,617	553	2,361	4,702	7,064
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	31,106	2,709	1,935	26,462	28,397
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1,041	416	467	158	624
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3,234	242	848	2,144	2,993
Past Year Cocaine Use	1,782	40	639	1,104	1,742
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	76,864	5,522	8,768	62,574	71,342
Past Year Heroin Use	332	5	86	241	327
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	89,072	6,418	10,740	71,914	82,653
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	569	15	123	430	554
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4,198	325	917	2,956	3,873
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	48,026	865	6,768	40,392	47,160
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23,240	440	4,352	18,448	22,800
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	47,218	4,375	5,178	37,665	42,843
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	2,549	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,470	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	25,132	523	3,918	20,692	24,610
Past Month Cigarette Use	20,158	329	3,039	16,790	19,829
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	73,239	6,470	8,595	58,174	66,769
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2,672	275	895	1,502	2,397
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	659	49	127	483	610
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5,080	159	1,188	3,732	4,921
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6,900	365	1,788	4,747	6,535
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2,346	261	843	1,242	2,085
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4,820	157	1,164	3,498	4,662
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6,403	345	1,693	4,365	6,058
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	800	3,181	3,982
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	2,877	13,910	16,786
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	1,628	11,126	12,754
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	1,183	2,545	3,728
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	1,185	1,397	4,759	6,156
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. NOTE: The South region includes the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

SOUTH REGION

Table 8 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the South Region, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.15	7.29	20.75	7.51	9.34
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.25	10.99	30.28	9.49	12.38
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.47	5.78	18.44	5.91	7.65
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	30.51	28.31	15.12	33.27	30.74
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.70	4.75	6.59	0.35	1.20
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.17	2.53	6.63	2.70	3.24
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.75	0.42	4.99	1.39	1.89
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	75.44	57.72	68.49	78.68	77.26
Past Year Heroin Use	0.33	0.05	0.67	0.30	0.35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.44	67.09	83.90	90.42	89.51
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.56	0.16	0.96	0.54	0.60
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.12	3.40	7.16	3.72	4.19
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	47.13	9.05	52.87	50.79	51.07
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.81	4.60	34.00	23.19	24.69
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.33	45.73	40.45	47.36	46.40
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.83	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.28	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.66	5.46	30.60	26.02	26.65
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.78	3.44	23.74	21.11	21.48
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.87	67.62	67.14	73.14	72.31
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.62	2.88	6.99	1.89	2.60
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.65	0.51	1.00	0.61	0.66
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.99	1.67	9.28	4.69	5.33
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.77	3.82	13.97	5.97	7.08
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.30	2.73	6.59	1.56	2.26
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.73	1.64	9.09	4.40	5.05
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.28	3.60	13.22	5.49	6.56
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.25	4.00	4.31
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22.47	17.49	18.18
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	12.72	13.99	13.81
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.24	3.20	4.03
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.39	10.91	5.98	6.66
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: The South region includes the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WEST REGION

Table 9 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the West Region, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8,790	520	2,174	6,097	8,270
Past Year Marijuana Use	11,639	809	3,047	7,783	10,830
Past Month Marijuana Use	7,675	442	1,999	5,234	7,233
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	16,112	1,359	983	13,769	14,752
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	817	291	368	157	525
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2,408	152	592	1,664	2,256
Past Year Cocaine Use	1,596	42	599	955	1,554
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	43,205	3,250	4,970	34,985	39,954
Past Year Heroin Use	174	3	41	130	171
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	53,498	3,808	6,655	43,035	49,690
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	520	13	99	409	507
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	2,871	212	595	2,064	2,659
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	32,657	541	4,501	27,615	32,116
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	15,034	287	2,923	11,824	14,746
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	29,732	2,607	3,234	23,891	27,125
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,639	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	1,011	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	12,001	245	2,041	9,714	11,755
Past Month Cigarette Use	9,720	157	1,662	7,902	9,563
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	47,674	4,136	5,796	37,741	43,538
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,964	222	627	1,115	1,742
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	375	33	62	279	342
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	3,697	126	871	2,700	3,571
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	5,008	289	1,257	3,462	4,720
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1,796	222	582	992	1,574
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	3,583	119	860	2,605	3,464
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	4,749	272	1,182	3,296	4,477
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	583	1,989	2,572
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	2,083	9,191	11,274
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	1,065	6,727	7,792
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	833	1,756	2,588
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	821	1,084	3,012	4,097
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. NOTE: The West region includes the following states: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WEST REGION

Table 10 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the West Region, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	13.73	8.73	26.29	12.24	14.24
Past Year Marijuana Use	18.17	13.58	36.86	15.62	18.64
Past Month Marijuana Use	11.98	7.42	24.18	10.51	12.45
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.14	22.83	11.89	27.64	25.38
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.33	5.66	8.89	0.57	1.73
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.76	2.55	7.16	3.34	3.88
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.49	0.71	7.24	1.92	2.67
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	67.48	54.58	60.09	70.23	68.78
Past Year Heroin Use	0.27	0.06	0.49	0.26	0.29
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.57	63.93	80.48	86.39	85.54
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.81	0.21	1.20	0.82	0.87
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.48	3.56	7.20	4.14	4.58
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.99	9.08	54.43	55.43	55.29
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.47	4.82	35.35	23.73	25.39
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.42	43.77	39.10	47.96	46.69
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.09	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.16	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	18.74	4.12	24.68	19.50	20.24
Past Month Cigarette Use	15.18	2.63	20.10	15.86	16.46
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	74.44	69.45	70.09	75.76	74.95
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.07	3.73	7.58	2.24	3.00
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.59	0.55	0.76	0.56	0.59
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.77	2.11	10.54	5.42	6.15
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.82	4.85	15.20	6.95	8.12
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.80	3.72	7.04	1.99	2.71
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.59	1.99	10.40	5.23	5.96
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.42	4.57	14.29	6.62	7.71
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.05	3.99	4.43
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.19	18.45	19.41
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	12.88	13.51	13.42
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.07	3.52	4.45
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.79	13.11	6.05	7.05
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: The West region includes the following states: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ALABAMA

Table 11 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Alabama, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	353	27	99	227	326
Past Year Marijuana Use	429	36	136	257	393
Past Month Marijuana Use	259	20	85	155	240
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,245	119	81	1,045	1,126
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	41	14	20	7	27
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	140	10	35	94	130
Past Year Cocaine Use	66	1	20	45	65
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,121	221	368	2,533	2,901
Past Year Heroin Use	12	0	3	9	12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,593	253	442	2,898	3,340
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	32	1	6	25	31
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	184	16	42	127	168
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,709	33	259	1,417	1,675
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	871	17	162	692	855
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,775	160	196	1,419	1,615
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	110	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	64	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,226	30	182	1,014	1,196
Past Month Cigarette Use	955	18	132	805	937
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,808	251	332	2,226	2,557
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	116	10	37	69	106
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	31	2	7	23	29
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	184	6	41	137	178
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	268	15	62	191	253
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	101	9	36	55	91
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	173	6	40	126	166
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	248	13	63	172	235
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	31	147	177
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	111	626	737
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	60	456	516
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	45	99	144
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	45	54	214	268
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ALABAMA

Table 12 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Alabama, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.67	7.21	19.11	7.15	8.82
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.54	9.67	26.35	8.08	10.63
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.37	5.26	16.48	4.86	6.48
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	30.57	31.66	15.68	32.88	30.46
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.55	3.91	6.30	0.35	1.18
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.43	2.71	6.85	2.96	3.51
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.62	0.36	3.84	1.41	1.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	76.69	58.73	71.28	79.67	78.50
Past Year Heroin Use	0.30	0.02	0.58	0.29	0.33
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.31	67.42	85.69	91.16	90.40
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.78	0.24	1.12	0.79	0.83
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.53	4.24	8.11	3.98	4.56
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	41.98	8.88	50.18	44.56	45.34
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	21.40	4.43	31.46	21.78	23.13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.61	42.67	38.05	44.62	43.70
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.36	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.80	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	30.12	7.90	35.28	31.91	32.38
Past Month Cigarette Use	23.46	4.80	25.60	25.32	25.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.99	66.83	64.33	70.00	69.21
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.86	2.73	7.25	2.16	2.87
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.77	0.52	1.33	0.71	0.80
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.51	1.54	7.93	4.30	4.81
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.59	3.96	12.09	6.01	6.86
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.48	2.49	7.08	1.73	2.47
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.24	1.64	7.80	3.97	4.50
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.09	3.42	12.18	5.42	6.36
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	5.95	4.62	4.80
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	21.52	19.69	19.95
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.62	14.35	13.97
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	8.71	3.11	3.89
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.90	10.47	6.72	7.24
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ALASKA

Table 13 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Alaska, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	98	6	21	71	92
Past Year Marijuana Use	133	10	30	93	123
Past Month Marijuana Use	93	5	20	67	87
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	103	11	9	83	92
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	8	3	3	2	5
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	21	1	5	14	19
Past Year Cocaine Use	14	0	4	9	13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	388	31	46	310	357
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	1	2	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	488	37	61	389	450
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	5	0	1	4	5
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	28	2	6	20	26
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	302	6	42	254	296
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	142	3	27	112	139
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	251	23	25	202	228
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	156	5	26	125	151
Past Month Cigarette Use	115	4	21	91	112
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	410	37	48	325	373
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	22	3	6	13	19
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	4	0	1	3	4
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	38	1	9	29	37
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	53	4	13	36	49
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	18	2	6	10	16
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	37	1	8	28	36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	50	3	11	36	46
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6	20	26
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	21	86	107
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	10	58	69
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10	18	28
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	8	10	30	41
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ALASKA

Table 14 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Alaska, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	16.81	10.61	27.92	15.75	17.50
Past Year Marijuana Use	22.73	16.51	39.44	20.74	23.43
Past Month Marijuana Use	15.81	8.84	26.27	14.97	16.59
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	17.51	18.75	11.67	18.36	17.38
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.22	7.09	8.96	1.05	2.31
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.54	2.42	7.17	3.08	3.66
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.32	0.71	5.76	1.95	2.50
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	66.25	52.81	60.84	68.89	67.73
Past Year Heroin Use	0.44	0.10	0.91	0.41	0.48
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.35	63.59	81.02	86.28	85.52
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.84	0.24	1.10	0.87	0.90
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.81	3.65	8.02	4.42	4.94
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.61	10.10	55.68	56.35	56.25
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.20	5.08	35.75	24.75	26.33
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	42.84	39.50	33.32	44.89	43.22
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.53	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.44	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.68	8.69	34.77	27.67	28.69
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.65	5.98	27.57	20.11	21.18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	70.11	63.29	63.68	72.08	70.87
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.69	4.55	7.88	2.88	3.60
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.67	0.60	0.79	0.66	0.68
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.57	2.21	11.26	6.35	7.06
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.98	6.54	16.53	8.04	9.26
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.07	4.15	7.33	2.21	2.95
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.35	1.98	10.27	6.26	6.84
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.46	5.33	14.18	7.91	8.81
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.53	4.43	5.02
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.34	19.14	20.32
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.42	12.95	13.02
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	13.26	4.01	5.34
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.27	13.28	6.76	7.69
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ARIZONA

Table 15 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Arizona, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	624	43	159	422	581
Past Year Marijuana Use	802	61	222	518	741
Past Month Marijuana Use	485	35	143	307	450
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,616	146	107	1,364	1,470
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	62	22	27	13	40
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	200	13	44	143	187
Past Year Cocaine Use	122	4	44	75	119
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	4,131	320	487	3,323	3,811
Past Year Heroin Use	20	0	6	14	20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	5,009	369	631	4,010	4,640
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	38	1	10	27	37
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	247	19	56	173	228
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,917	46	393	2,478	2,872
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,337	26	250	1,062	1,312
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,665	246	298	2,120	2,418
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	147	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	89	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,227	20	209	998	1,207
Past Month Cigarette Use	979	13	164	803	966
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	4,249	389	524	3,336	3,860
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	161	19	53	89	142
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	36	3	7	26	33
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	318	10	84	223	308
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	431	26	119	285	405
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	134	19	48	67	115
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	299	10	84	204	289
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	412	24	116	272	388
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	48	169	217
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	167	777	944
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	85	609	693
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	69	141	211
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	72	79	263	342
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ARIZONA

Table 16 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Arizona, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.77	7.80	21.28	9.39	11.09
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.85	11.05	29.75	11.55	14.14
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.38	6.31	19.09	6.85	8.59
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	27.91	26.53	14.26	30.37	28.05
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.87	4.32	6.83	0.53	1.43
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.46	2.31	5.89	3.19	3.58
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.11	0.66	5.85	1.67	2.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.38	58.15	65.19	74.02	72.76
Past Year Heroin Use	0.35	0.05	0.77	0.32	0.38
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.57	66.92	84.37	89.31	88.60
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.66	0.16	1.30	0.61	0.71
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.27	3.41	7.44	3.85	4.36
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.40	8.26	52.61	55.20	54.83
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.10	4.66	33.39	23.66	25.04
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.03	44.68	39.90	47.23	46.18
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.63	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.70	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.19	3.60	27.99	22.22	23.04
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.92	2.33	21.92	17.88	18.45
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	73.41	70.53	70.17	74.30	73.71
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.79	3.52	7.07	1.98	2.71
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.63	0.52	0.93	0.59	0.64
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.49	1.85	11.31	4.97	5.88
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.45	4.77	15.98	6.36	7.73
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.32	3.52	6.39	1.49	2.19
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.16	1.82	11.30	4.55	5.51
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.12	4.34	15.46	6.07	7.41
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.37	3.76	4.13
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22.39	17.30	18.02
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.31	13.56	13.24
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.28	3.15	4.02
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.06	10.62	5.86	6.53
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ARKANSAS

Table 17 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Arkansas, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	260	18	59	184	242
Past Year Marijuana Use	312	26	86	201	286
Past Month Marijuana Use	203	14	50	139	189
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	733	67	45	621	667
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	23	10	10	3	13
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	90	7	20	63	83
Past Year Cocaine Use	37	1	12	24	35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,913	135	226	1,552	1,778
Past Year Heroin Use	6	0	2	4	6
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,142	155	260	1,727	1,988
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	23	1	5	17	22
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	125	10	24	91	115
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	987	21	152	814	966
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	482	11	100	372	472
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,068	104	112	852	963
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	55	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	34	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	760	18	107	635	742
Past Month Cigarette Use	610	12	87	512	599
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,686	153	199	1,334	1,533
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	69	7	19	43	62
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	20	1	3	15	18
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	133	5	29	99	128
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	183	10	43	130	173
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	56	6	17	33	50
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	117	5	28	84	112
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	162	9	42	111	153
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	21	101	122
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	77	387	464
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	46	314	360
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	31	72	103
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	32	39	145	183
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ARKANSAS

Table 18 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Arkansas, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.51	7.57	18.52	9.55	10.82
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.60	10.87	27.09	10.43	12.78
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.19	5.81	15.96	7.21	8.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	29.61	28.14	14.32	32.32	29.76
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.60	4.61	5.62	0.33	1.10
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.66	3.14	6.40	3.27	3.71
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.48	0.51	3.75	1.23	1.58
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	77.28	56.96	71.37	80.74	79.41
Past Year Heroin Use	0.25	0.05	0.49	0.23	0.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.57	65.33	82.32	89.85	88.79
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.92	0.26	1.59	0.90	0.99
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	5.03	4.11	7.44	4.75	5.13
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	39.89	8.92	48.15	42.35	43.17
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	19.49	4.59	31.55	19.34	21.06
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.12	43.94	35.33	44.31	43.04
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.57	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.45	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	30.69	7.52	33.90	33.01	33.14
Past Month Cigarette Use	24.65	4.86	27.38	26.64	26.74
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.13	64.80	63.01	69.38	68.48
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.80	3.12	6.01	2.23	2.76
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.79	0.53	1.08	0.78	0.82
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.38	2.12	9.32	5.14	5.73
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.37	4.10	13.55	6.76	7.72
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.26	2.74	5.37	1.69	2.21
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.73	1.99	8.94	4.37	5.01
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.55	3.80	13.36	5.77	6.85
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.65	5.25	5.44
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.46	20.11	20.73
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14.44	16.34	16.07
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.83	3.73	4.59
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.36	12.24	7.53	8.19
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

CALIFORNIA

Table 19 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in California, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	4,309	249	1,137	2,923	4,060
Past Year Marijuana Use	5,713	404	1,579	3,730	5,309
Past Month Marijuana Use	3,723	210	1,041	2,473	3,513
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	9,150	702	534	7,913	8,448
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	401	150	187	64	251
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	1,256	75	303	879	1,181
Past Year Cocaine Use	889	21	345	523	868
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	22,180	1,668	2,588	17,924	20,512
Past Year Heroin Use	61	2	13	46	59
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	27,439	1,948	3,478	22,014	25,491
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	265	6	42	217	259
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	1,413	109	293	1,011	1,304
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	16,575	272	2,320	13,984	16,303
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	7,726	140	1,513	6,073	7,585
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	16,139	1,383	1,777	12,978	14,756
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶(Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	845	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	527	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	5,333	105	889	4,339	5,228
Past Month Cigarette Use	4,383	63	737	3,584	4,320
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	25,170	2,155	3,163	19,852	23,015
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	975	113	314	547	862
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	166	17	24	125	149
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	1,811	61	428	1,322	1,750
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	2,459	140	614	1,705	2,319
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	921	115	291	515	806
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	1,776	59	429	1,288	1,717
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	2,346	136	574	1,636	2,210
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	286	888	1,174
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	1,070	4,350	5,419
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	490	3,004	3,494
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	419	787	1,205
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	401	568	1,365	1,933
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

CALIFORNIA

Table 20 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in California, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	13.11	8.20	26.30	11.46	13.61
Past Year Marijuana Use	17.39	13.30	36.53	14.63	17.81
Past Month Marijuana Use	11.33	6.93	24.07	9.70	11.78
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	27.84	23.15	12.36	31.04	28.32
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.12	5.60	8.43	0.45	1.54
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.82	2.46	7.00	3.45	3.96
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.71	0.69	7.99	2.05	2.91
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	67.53	54.97	59.87	70.31	68.79
Past Year Heroin Use	0.19	0.05	0.30	0.18	0.20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.56	64.20	80.44	86.35	85.49
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.81	0.20	0.96	0.85	0.87
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.30	3.61	6.77	3.97	4.37
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.45	8.95	53.66	54.85	54.68
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.52	4.62	34.99	23.82	25.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	49.13	45.59	41.11	50.91	49.49
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.90	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.16	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	16.23	3.45	20.56	17.02	17.53
Past Month Cigarette Use	13.34	2.08	17.04	14.06	14.49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	76.63	71.04	73.17	77.87	77.19
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.97	3.73	7.27	2.15	2.89
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.51	0.57	0.56	0.49	0.50
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.51	2.01	9.90	5.18	5.87
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.48	4.63	14.20	6.69	7.78
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.80	3.79	6.73	2.02	2.70
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.41	1.95	9.93	5.05	5.76
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.14	4.47	13.28	6.42	7.41
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.61	3.48	3.94
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.75	17.06	18.18
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.34	11.78	11.72
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.68	3.09	4.04
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.23	13.14	5.36	6.48
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

COLORADO

Table 21 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Colorado, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	829	42	201	586	787
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,155	72	289	794	1,083
Past Month Marijuana Use	764	38	188	537	725
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	769	69	43	656	700
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	78	26	36	16	53
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	183	11	53	118	171
Past Year Cocaine Use	125	3	49	72	121
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,009	222	331	2,455	2,787
Past Year Heroin Use	13	0	3	9	13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,861	264	471	3,126	3,597
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	39	1	8	31	39
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	227	16	50	161	210
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,764	42	371	2,351	2,722
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,253	24	239	990	1,229
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,002	171	201	1,629	1,830
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	135	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	84	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	936	20	190	727	917
Past Month Cigarette Use	735	14	151	571	722
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,415	289	402	2,725	3,127
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	160	17	57	86	143
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	31	2	7	22	29
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	293	9	72	212	284
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	407	24	115	268	383
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	154	17	55	81	137
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	292	8	71	212	284
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	398	21	112	266	377
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	51	163	214
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	164	674	838
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	101	559	659
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	67	162	229
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	59	89	236	325
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

COLORADO

Table 22 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Colorado, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	17.83	9.83	33.95	16.14	18.63
Past Year Marijuana Use	24.86	16.97	48.81	21.88	25.65
Past Month Marijuana Use	16.43	9.02	31.74	14.81	17.18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	16.53	16.21	7.34	18.08	16.56
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.99	7.89	15.56	1.09	3.14
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.93	2.63	9.03	3.25	4.06
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.68	0.79	8.32	1.98	2.87
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	64.77	52.21	56.00	67.66	66.02
Past Year Heroin Use	0.28	0.04	0.54	0.26	0.30
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.12	62.01	79.58	86.13	85.21
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.85	0.22	1.34	0.84	0.91
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.87	3.86	8.36	4.43	4.98
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	59.48	9.75	62.66	64.79	64.49
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.97	5.59	40.44	27.28	29.12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.08	40.21	34.02	44.89	43.36
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.73	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.93	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.15	4.66	32.03	20.03	21.71
Past Month Cigarette Use	15.82	3.22	25.51	15.72	17.09
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	73.50	67.77	67.84	75.09	74.08
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.43	3.88	9.66	2.37	3.39
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.67	0.49	1.19	0.60	0.68
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.30	2.07	12.23	5.83	6.73
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.76	5.60	19.39	7.39	9.07
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.30	3.98	9.34	2.24	3.24
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.27	1.88	12.01	5.86	6.72
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.57	4.89	18.86	7.32	8.94
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.67	4.49	5.08
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.72	18.58	19.86
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.01	15.39	15.62
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.25	4.46	5.41
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.89	15.01	6.51	7.70
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

CONNECTICUT

Table 23 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Connecticut, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	377	27	127	224	351
Past Year Marijuana Use	497	41	176	280	456
Past Month Marijuana Use	324	22	118	184	302
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	674	62	41	572	612
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	40	15	17	8	25
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	114	6	36	72	108
Past Year Cocaine Use	84	2	33	50	82
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,071	151	219	1,700	1,920
Past Year Heroin Use	22	0	5	16	21
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,642	183	320	2,139	2,459
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	9	0	2	7	9
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	129	9	29	91	120
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,843	32	261	1,551	1,812
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	866	18	183	666	849
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,331	119	127	1,085	1,212
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	100	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	66	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	650	11	123	516	639
Past Month Cigarette Use	516	7	92	416	509
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,274	199	275	1,800	2,075
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	106	10	40	57	97
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	19	1	4	14	18
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	187	7	44	136	179
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	257	13	71	173	244
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	95	9	34	52	86
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	177	7	40	130	170
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	230	13	64	154	217
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	29	87	116
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	99	407	506
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	72	391	463
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	39	74	113
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	36	51	143	194
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

CONNECTICUT

Table 24 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Connecticut, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	12.33	9.64	32.68	9.34	12.60
Past Year Marijuana Use	16.22	14.73	45.21	11.68	16.37
Past Month Marijuana Use	10.59	7.91	30.35	7.69	10.86
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	22.00	22.39	10.42	23.86	21.96
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.72	6.65	10.92	0.70	1.99
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.73	2.27	9.26	3.00	3.87
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.74	0.60	8.36	2.08	2.95
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	67.67	54.86	56.31	70.97	68.91
Past Year Heroin Use	0.70	0.06	1.31	0.68	0.77
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.32	66.16	82.15	89.28	88.28
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.29	0.09	0.45	0.29	0.31
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.21	3.23	7.52	3.79	4.31
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	60.21	11.42	67.03	64.73	65.05
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	28.30	6.38	47.02	27.78	30.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.48	43.24	32.61	45.27	43.50
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23.92	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.82	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.24	4.13	31.68	21.52	22.94
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.84	2.49	23.71	17.38	18.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	74.30	72.10	70.71	75.13	74.51
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.47	3.48	10.16	2.38	3.47
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.62	0.48	0.95	0.58	0.63
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.10	2.68	11.18	5.68	6.44
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.40	4.64	18.34	7.22	8.77
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.11	3.25	8.71	2.18	3.09
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.77	2.41	10.21	5.44	6.10
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.51	4.54	16.35	6.42	7.80
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.43	3.63	4.16
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.56	16.98	18.18
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.42	16.31	16.61
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.03	3.08	4.05
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.16	13.10	5.98	6.97
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

DELAWARE

Table 25 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Delaware, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	95	7	25	63	88
Past Year Marijuana Use	119	9	36	75	110
Past Month Marijuana Use	80	5	23	52	75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	196	16	12	168	180
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	9	4	4	1	5
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	28	2	6	20	26
Past Year Cocaine Use	16	0	6	10	16
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	576	39	64	473	537
Past Year Heroin Use	7	0	1	5	7
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	704	46	80	577	657
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	3	0	0	3	3
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	34	2	7	26	32
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	415	6	52	357	409
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	182	3	36	143	179
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	350	31	37	282	319
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	176	3	26	146	173
Past Month Cigarette Use	148	2	21	126	146
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	580	48	67	465	532
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	27	2	8	17	25
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	6	0	1	5	6
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	50	1	10	39	48
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	69	3	15	50	66
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	23	2	7	14	21
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	48	1	9	38	47
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	62	3	14	45	59
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7	29	36
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22	115	138
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14	104	118
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9	22	31
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	8	11	41	52
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

DELAWARE

Table 26 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Delaware, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.71	9.71	26.00	9.80	11.90
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.80	13.48	37.20	11.60	14.92
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.95	7.45	23.73	8.17	10.18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.32	23.69	12.21	26.21	24.38
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.05	5.66	8.22	0.49	1.46
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.41	2.31	6.61	3.05	3.51
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.02	0.37	6.20	1.58	2.18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.31	56.17	66.82	73.60	72.71
Past Year Heroin Use	0.84	0.06	1.56	0.82	0.92
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.19	66.91	84.25	89.78	89.06
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.40	0.18	0.37	0.43	0.42
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.23	2.89	6.90	3.98	4.35
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.38	8.38	54.78	55.51	55.42
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.51	4.30	37.87	22.19	24.23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.30	44.43	38.59	43.88	43.20
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.47	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.75	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.77	4.02	27.74	22.80	23.44
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.36	2.56	21.69	19.56	19.84
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.90	69.23	70.28	72.42	72.14
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.35	3.46	8.38	2.58	3.33
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.73	0.49	0.91	0.73	0.75
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.15	1.79	10.09	6.03	6.56
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.53	4.32	16.08	7.86	8.93
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.82	3.24	7.32	2.10	2.78
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.97	1.59	9.72	5.88	6.38
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.70	4.00	14.61	7.07	8.05
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.70	4.48	4.90
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.52	17.93	18.65
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14.60	16.15	15.95
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.61	3.35	4.16
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.58	11.82	6.37	7.07
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Table 27 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the District of Columbia, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	117	3	33	80	113
Past Year Marijuana Use	154	5	48	102	150
Past Month Marijuana Use	101	3	32	66	98
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	99	6	7	85	93
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	9	2	5	2	7
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	31	1	9	22	30
Past Year Cocaine Use	25	0	6	19	25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	352	18	48	287	335
Past Year Heroin Use	2	0	0	2	2
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	482	20	70	391	461
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1	0	0	1	1
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	26	1	6	18	24
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	391	3	63	326	389
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	217	2	48	167	215
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	246	15	30	201	231
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	138	1	26	111	137
Past Month Cigarette Use	110	1	20	89	109
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	448	20	64	364	428
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	23	1	8	14	22
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	3	0	1	2	3
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	53	1	12	40	53
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	66	2	17	47	64
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	21	1	7	12	19
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	48	1	12	35	47
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	61	2	16	43	59
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6	19	25
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22	96	117
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14	79	93
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	8	15	23
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	3	11	33	44
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Table 28 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in the District of Columbia, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	19.92	11.20	36.86	17.21	20.41
Past Year Marijuana Use	26.35	14.60	53.20	21.90	27.01
Past Month Marijuana Use	17.17	8.26	34.85	14.32	17.67
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	16.85	20.18	7.99	18.38	16.66
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.99	7.35	14.57	1.36	3.54
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	5.36	3.23	9.57	4.68	5.48
Past Year Cocaine Use	4.34	0.22	7.00	4.10	4.57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	60.19	56.65	53.11	61.78	60.36
Past Year Heroin Use	0.37	0.01	0.32	0.40	0.39
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	82.28	65.64	77.54	84.29	83.18
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.22	0.07	0.11	0.25	0.23
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.39	3.91	6.86	3.94	4.42
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	66.79	8.42	69.71	70.17	70.08
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	37.01	4.84	53.01	36.07	38.83
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	41.95	46.59	33.04	43.38	41.69
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	24.17	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.43	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	23.55	3.71	28.77	23.86	24.66
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.70	1.78	22.42	19.12	19.65
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	76.51	64.77	70.88	78.39	77.16
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.93	3.68	8.36	3.08	3.94
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.55	0.45	0.66	0.53	0.56
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	9.08	1.97	13.62	8.67	9.48
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	11.21	5.14	19.23	10.05	11.55
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.50	3.36	7.81	2.67	3.51
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	8.19	1.74	13.64	7.56	8.55
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	10.37	4.98	17.95	9.26	10.67
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.25	4.08	4.43
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.89	20.65	21.17
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.34	17.12	16.82
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	8.55	3.24	4.11
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	10.49	12.25	7.04	7.89
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

FLORIDA

Table 29 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Florida, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,836	126	476	1,234	1,710
Past Year Marijuana Use	2,425	191	701	1,534	2,235
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,532	106	439	988	1,426
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	5,453	360	281	4,812	5,093
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	179	72	77	30	107
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	563	36	124	403	527
Past Year Cocaine Use	346	6	122	218	340
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	13,551	819	1,321	11,411	12,732
Past Year Heroin Use	51	2	12	37	49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	15,773	956	1,649	13,167	14,816
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	84	2	15	67	82
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	741	49	129	564	693
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	9,182	140	1,106	7,936	9,042
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	4,370	72	697	3,601	4,298
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	8,192	628	793	6,770	7,564
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	436	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	246	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	3,631	65	500	3,066	3,566
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,956	39	374	2,543	2,917
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	13,594	1,012	1,412	11,169	12,581
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	481	51	141	288	429
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	111	8	19	84	103
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	937	29	195	713	908
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,231	64	285	881	1,166
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	427	50	128	249	377
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	891	28	191	671	862
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	1,178	63	273	842	1,116
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	126	499	625
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	446	2,415	2,861
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	245	1,935	2,180
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	184	386	569
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	185	219	792	1,011
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

FLORIDA

Table 30 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Florida, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.36	8.89	24.30	8.60	10.49
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.69	13.46	35.77	10.69	13.71
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.65	7.48	22.39	6.88	8.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	30.74	25.43	14.31	33.53	31.20
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.69	5.70	7.73	0.37	1.15
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.18	2.54	6.34	2.81	3.23
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.96	0.45	6.22	1.52	2.09
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	76.45	57.88	67.40	79.51	78.04
Past Year Heroin Use	0.29	0.14	0.63	0.26	0.30
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	89.00	67.56	84.15	91.74	90.83
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.47	0.15	0.75	0.47	0.50
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.18	3.44	6.58	3.93	4.25
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.80	9.86	56.43	55.30	55.44
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.66	5.11	35.56	25.09	26.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.21	44.36	40.48	47.17	46.37
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.26	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.44	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.49	4.62	25.51	21.36	21.86
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.68	2.76	19.08	17.72	17.89
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	76.68	71.49	72.05	77.82	77.13
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.71	3.62	7.19	2.01	2.63
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.63	0.54	0.97	0.59	0.63
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.29	2.03	9.95	4.97	5.57
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.95	4.54	14.56	6.14	7.16
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.41	3.51	6.55	1.73	2.31
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.03	1.99	9.76	4.68	5.29
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.65	4.42	13.94	5.87	6.84
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.41	3.48	3.83
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22.74	16.83	17.54
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	12.49	13.48	13.37
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.38	2.69	3.49
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.09	11.15	5.52	6.20
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

GEORGIA

Table 31 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Georgia, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	711	57	224	431	655
Past Year Marijuana Use	993	90	331	572	903
Past Month Marijuana Use	574	46	203	325	528
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,748	283	167	2,298	2,465
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	91	36	40	14	55
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	262	20	61	182	243
Past Year Cocaine Use	148	3	49	96	145
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	6,624	530	784	5,310	6,094
Past Year Heroin Use	17	0	4	12	16
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	7,553	612	954	5,987	6,941
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	46	1	7	38	45
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	308	24	72	213	284
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,817	67	561	3,189	3,750
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,757	30	347	1,380	1,727
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	4,204	457	478	3,268	3,747
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	197	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	105	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,052	47	337	1,668	2,005
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,611	30	258	1,324	1,582
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	6,114	610	746	4,757	5,504
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	204	21	67	116	183
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	53	4	10	39	49
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	377	11	87	279	366
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	512	27	128	356	484
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	185	21	66	99	165
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	349	11	84	254	338
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	488	25	122	341	463
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	64	268	333
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	235	1,149	1,385
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	125	885	1,009
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	97	240	336
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	99	116	413	529
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

GEORGIA

Table 32 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Georgia, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.34	6.57	20.23	6.57	8.54
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.64	10.39	29.91	8.73	11.78
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.74	5.39	18.38	4.95	6.89
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	32.22	32.81	15.05	35.06	32.15
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.67	4.47	6.33	0.33	1.18
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.08	2.27	5.52	2.77	3.17
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.74	0.34	4.45	1.46	1.89
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	77.72	61.39	70.90	81.00	79.54
Past Year Heroin Use	0.19	0.02	0.37	0.19	0.21
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.64	70.97	86.24	91.33	90.60
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.54	0.17	0.59	0.59	0.59
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.61	2.74	6.47	3.24	3.71
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	44.78	7.76	50.71	48.65	48.94
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	20.61	3.52	31.39	21.05	22.54
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	49.32	53.04	43.24	49.86	48.90
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.65	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	8.36	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.08	5.45	30.46	25.45	26.17
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.90	3.43	23.29	20.20	20.64
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.73	70.74	67.48	72.57	71.83
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.39	2.43	6.06	1.77	2.39
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.62	0.48	0.87	0.60	0.64
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.42	1.27	7.83	4.26	4.78
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.00	3.18	11.59	5.43	6.32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.18	2.39	5.93	1.51	2.15
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.10	1.31	7.57	3.88	4.41
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.72	2.90	11.04	5.20	6.04
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	5.83	4.09	4.35
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	21.26	17.53	18.07
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.26	13.50	13.17
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	8.73	3.65	4.38
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.44	10.48	6.30	6.90
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

HAWAII

Table 33 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Hawaii, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	111	7	25	79	104
Past Year Marijuana Use	152	11	35	106	141
Past Month Marijuana Use	95	6	22	66	88
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	342	23	18	302	319
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	12	4	5	2	7
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	31	2	8	21	29
Past Year Cocaine Use	22	1	7	14	21
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	785	51	83	651	733
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	1	2	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	955	60	104	791	895
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	9	0	1	7	8
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	39	3	8	28	36
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	523	8	71	444	515
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	237	4	44	189	233
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	544	44	53	446	499
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	198	3	32	163	195
Past Month Cigarette Use	158	3	29	126	155
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	843	63	84	696	780
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	27	3	8	16	24
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	5	1	1	4	5
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	61	2	14	44	59
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	78	4	20	55	75
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	23	3	8	13	20
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	58	2	15	41	56
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	73	4	19	51	69
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9	28	37
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	29	144	173
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15	98	113
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	13	30	43
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11	14	46	60
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

HAWAII

Table 34 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Hawaii, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.60	7.62	19.26	8.48	9.78
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.14	11.43	27.14	11.39	13.29
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.17	6.54	17.45	7.06	8.31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	29.53	23.81	13.68	32.30	30.04
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.93	5.87	8.87	0.44	1.36
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.67	2.50	6.17	2.21	2.69
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.88	0.58	5.22	1.55	1.99
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	67.73	53.74	64.35	69.62	68.97
Past Year Heroin Use	0.24	0.05	0.56	0.22	0.26
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	82.41	62.18	80.72	84.68	84.20
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.75	0.35	0.94	0.77	0.79
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.32	2.66	6.27	2.99	3.38
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	45.13	8.13	55.13	47.54	48.46
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	20.44	4.42	34.09	20.19	21.88
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.91	46.31	41.08	47.77	46.96
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.73	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.46	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	17.11	3.41	25.14	17.40	18.34
Past Month Cigarette Use	13.62	2.63	22.95	13.45	14.61
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.77	65.69	65.31	74.51	73.40
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.31	2.89	6.57	1.67	2.26
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.47	0.54	0.58	0.44	0.46
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.23	2.15	11.26	4.72	5.51
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.77	3.93	15.37	5.88	7.03
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.01	2.96	5.86	1.39	1.93
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.96	1.99	11.42	4.38	5.23
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.30	4.08	14.41	5.41	6.50
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.76	3.04	3.49
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22.94	15.36	16.27
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.77	10.51	10.67
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.08	3.26	4.08
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.97	11.22	4.91	5.67
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

IDAHO

Table 35 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Idaho, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	125	11	31	83	114
Past Year Marijuana Use	175	18	50	107	157
Past Month Marijuana Use	106	9	28	68	96
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	370	43	24	303	326
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	16	7	7	2	9
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	42	4	11	27	38
Past Year Cocaine Use	19	1	8	10	18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	990	84	115	791	906
Past Year Heroin Use	5	0	1	3	4
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,180	100	142	939	1,080
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	12	0	3	9	12
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	59	5	13	41	54
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	646	14	88	544	632
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	302	8	58	236	294
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	593	63	64	465	529
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	36	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	315	9	58	247	306
Past Month Cigarette Use	253	7	48	199	247
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	993	102	114	778	891
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	36	5	11	21	32
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	11	1	2	8	10
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	82	3	18	60	78
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	108	7	23	78	101
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	29	4	9	15	25
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	75	3	17	56	72
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	97	6	22	69	91
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	14	58	72
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	49	261	310
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	30	184	214
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	19	51	70
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	24	25	78	103
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

IDAHO

Table 36 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Idaho, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.02	7.67	17.59	7.79	9.19
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.62	12.00	28.40	10.09	12.70
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.62	6.34	16.07	6.40	7.78
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	26.60	29.05	13.29	28.49	26.30
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.01	4.68	7.18	0.42	1.46
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.99	2.59	5.99	2.55	3.04
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.37	0.66	4.24	0.99	1.45
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.25	55.81	65.02	74.45	73.10
Past Year Heroin Use	0.33	0.06	0.58	0.32	0.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.00	66.98	79.97	88.34	87.15
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.87	0.33	1.57	0.83	0.94
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.25	3.45	7.20	3.87	4.34
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	46.47	9.07	49.44	51.25	50.99
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	21.70	5.07	32.82	22.20	23.71
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	42.66	42.22	36.12	43.81	42.71
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.94	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.42	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	22.65	5.99	32.96	23.29	24.67
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.24	4.35	27.15	18.72	19.92
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.52	68.24	64.12	73.21	71.91
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.63	3.10	5.94	2.01	2.57
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.76	0.58	1.07	0.74	0.79
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.90	2.31	10.39	5.65	6.33
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.79	4.65	13.18	7.34	8.18
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.09	2.86	5.33	1.45	2.00
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.41	2.03	9.32	5.23	5.81
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.98	4.04	12.39	6.49	7.33
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.90	5.47	5.81
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.79	24.57	25.03
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.22	17.29	17.28
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.59	4.78	5.60
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	16.22	14.15	7.35	8.32
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ILLINOIS

Table 37 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Illinois, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,076	84	348	644	992
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,482	134	477	870	1,348
Past Month Marijuana Use	944	69	318	557	875
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,692	235	166	2,291	2,457
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	124	50	58	16	74
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	342	24	124	194	318
Past Year Cocaine Use	208	5	79	124	203
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	7,596	555	853	6,188	7,042
Past Year Heroin Use	27	0	6	21	27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	9,220	649	1,136	7,434	8,571
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	30	1	5	24	29
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	396	33	96	267	363
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	5,842	104	807	4,930	5,738
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	2,949	58	581	2,311	2,892
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	4,607	434	483	3,691	4,173
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	315	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	208	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,404	52	394	1,958	2,352
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,948	31	319	1,598	1,917
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	7,800	677	915	6,208	7,123
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	278	30	92	156	248
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	62	6	11	45	56
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	669	24	164	481	645
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	855	47	217	591	808
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	249	27	80	142	222
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	636	23	154	458	613
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	799	44	202	552	755
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	87	315	402
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	309	1,318	1,627
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	196	1,212	1,408
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	126	249	376
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	141	157	455	612
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

ILLINOIS

Table 38 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Illinois, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.05	8.34	25.72	7.71	10.22
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.83	13.34	35.26	10.42	13.88
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.81	6.89	23.51	6.66	9.01
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.11	23.37	12.25	27.43	25.29
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.10	5.84	8.45	0.41	1.47
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.19	2.40	9.19	2.32	3.27
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.94	0.48	5.84	1.49	2.09
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.93	55.10	63.08	74.09	72.55
Past Year Heroin Use	0.25	0.04	0.45	0.25	0.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.10	64.51	84.00	89.00	88.30
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.28	0.09	0.39	0.28	0.30
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.70	3.24	7.12	3.20	3.74
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	54.53	10.33	59.68	59.02	59.12
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	27.53	5.72	42.92	27.67	29.80
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.00	43.07	35.67	44.18	42.99
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.67	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.64	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	22.44	5.21	29.09	23.45	24.23
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.19	3.13	23.57	19.13	19.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.82	67.26	67.63	74.33	73.39
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.59	2.94	6.81	1.87	2.56
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.58	0.55	0.81	0.54	0.58
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.25	2.39	12.16	5.76	6.65
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.98	4.67	16.03	7.07	8.32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.32	2.68	5.88	1.70	2.29
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.93	2.26	11.41	5.49	6.31
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.45	4.35	14.96	6.61	7.78
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.41	3.77	4.14
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22.82	15.78	16.76
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14.49	14.51	14.50
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.33	2.98	3.87
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.00	11.59	5.44	6.30
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

INDIANA

Table 39 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Indiana, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	621	41	176	404	580
Past Year Marijuana Use	796	72	251	473	725
Past Month Marijuana Use	513	35	154	324	478
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,413	146	88	1,179	1,267
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	71	28	33	10	43
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	208	13	60	135	195
Past Year Cocaine Use	105	3	42	60	102
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	4,046	299	485	3,262	3,747
Past Year Heroin Use	35	0	9	25	35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,781	354	626	3,801	4,426
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	32	1	9	22	31
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	266	20	65	181	247
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,755	50	444	2,261	2,705
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,273	27	284	962	1,246
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,342	222	260	1,860	2,120
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	164	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	101	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,480	35	247	1,198	1,445
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,180	25	180	975	1,155
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,745	340	473	2,932	3,405
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	137	14	46	77	123
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	41	3	9	29	38
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	289	9	79	201	281
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	395	18	108	268	377
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	120	12	41	67	108
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	273	8	73	192	265
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	361	17	102	242	344
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	58	200	259
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	204	838	1,041
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	132	747	879
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	82	169	251
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	74	100	298	398
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

INDIANA

Table 40 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Indiana, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.24	7.58	23.72	9.53	11.64
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.42	13.31	33.87	11.16	14.54
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.29	6.51	20.70	7.65	9.59
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.57	27.07	11.82	27.81	25.41
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.43	6.03	8.83	0.48	1.73
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.76	2.34	8.07	3.19	3.91
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.90	0.55	5.72	1.41	2.05
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	73.31	55.61	65.43	76.92	75.21
Past Year Heroin Use	0.64	0.07	1.26	0.60	0.70
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.63	65.84	84.35	89.63	88.84
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.58	0.19	1.21	0.52	0.62
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.83	3.69	8.82	4.27	4.95
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49.89	9.21	59.83	53.32	54.29
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.06	5.09	38.24	22.69	25.00
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	42.42	41.25	35.01	43.86	42.54
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.16	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.50	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.80	6.43	33.29	28.26	29.00
Past Month Cigarette Use	21.37	4.55	24.26	23.00	23.18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.84	63.23	63.72	69.15	68.34
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.48	2.52	6.22	1.82	2.47
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.74	0.49	1.23	0.69	0.77
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.24	1.58	10.69	4.75	5.63
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.14	3.29	14.61	6.33	7.56
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.18	2.31	5.51	1.58	2.17
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.94	1.56	9.84	4.52	5.31
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.54	3.16	13.68	5.72	6.90
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.85	4.72	5.19
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.45	19.75	20.90
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.82	17.62	17.64
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.05	3.99	5.04
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.77	13.52	7.02	7.98
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

IOWA

Table 41 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Iowa, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	212	15	70	126	196
Past Year Marijuana Use	298	25	111	162	273
Past Month Marijuana Use	174	12	62	99	161
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	612	62	42	508	550
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	31	10	16	5	21
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	79	5	24	50	74
Past Year Cocaine Use	38	1	16	20	36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,843	133	221	1,489	1,710
Past Year Heroin Use	6	0	2	4	6
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,184	153	286	1,745	2,031
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	15	0	4	10	14
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	110	8	27	75	102
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,527	24	233	1,270	1,503
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	775	14	167	594	760
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	921	90	108	723	831
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	80	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	55	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	689	12	134	543	677
Past Month Cigarette Use	548	9	103	436	539
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,724	158	218	1,348	1,566
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	61	7	23	32	55
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	18	1	3	13	17
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	185	5	51	128	180
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	228	10	62	156	218
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	58	6	21	31	52
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	180	5	48	127	175
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	213	10	60	143	203
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25	83	109
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	91	360	450
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	66	350	417
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	38	73	111
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	34	47	137	183
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

IOWA

Table 42 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Iowa, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.10	6.26	19.47	6.29	8.29
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.39	10.22	30.88	8.05	11.51
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.65	5.11	17.29	4.93	6.80
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.42	25.38	11.75	25.29	23.22
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.92	4.05	8.43	0.40	1.56
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.02	2.25	6.58	2.48	3.10
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.43	0.55	4.53	0.99	1.52
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.59	54.58	61.50	74.13	72.22
Past Year Heroin Use	0.23	0.05	0.48	0.20	0.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.64	62.86	79.56	86.85	85.74
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.56	0.15	1.12	0.50	0.60
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.19	3.17	7.55	3.72	4.30
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	58.44	9.68	64.91	63.21	63.46
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	29.66	5.90	46.38	29.56	32.10
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	35.26	36.98	29.92	36.01	35.08
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.72	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.88	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.39	5.01	37.22	27.05	28.59
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.97	3.70	28.58	21.71	22.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	65.98	64.61	60.73	67.08	66.12
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.35	2.76	6.27	1.60	2.31
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.68	0.46	0.97	0.65	0.70
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	7.08	2.25	14.25	6.39	7.58
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.73	4.18	17.23	7.76	9.20
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.21	2.42	5.84	1.54	2.19
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.89	2.06	13.33	6.32	7.38
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.15	3.92	16.82	7.11	8.58
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.99	4.16	4.59
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.26	17.90	19.02
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.49	17.43	17.59
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.58	3.64	4.69
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.10	12.94	6.80	7.73
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

KANSAS

Table 43 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Kansas, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	197	16	57	124	181
Past Year Marijuana Use	283	28	94	162	255
Past Month Marijuana Use	157	12	52	93	145
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	582	63	40	479	519
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	30	11	14	5	18
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	69	6	17	47	63
Past Year Cocaine Use	38	1	16	20	36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,703	132	215	1,356	1,571
Past Year Heroin Use	7	0	2	5	7
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,021	153	270	1,598	1,867
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	19	0	5	14	19
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	109	9	24	76	100
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,358	24	193	1,140	1,333
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	620	15	129	476	605
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	899	90	101	709	809
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	76	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	50	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	588	13	103	472	575
Past Month Cigarette Use	467	8	78	382	459
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,630	164	207	1,259	1,466
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	55	6	18	31	49
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	16	1	3	11	14
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	131	6	37	89	125
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	164	10	46	109	155
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	45	5	16	24	40
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	128	5	37	85	122
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	150	9	44	97	141
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23	79	102
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	80	341	421
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	49	280	329
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	33	71	104
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	33	39	123	162
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

KANSAS

Table 44 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Kansas, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.31	6.83	17.61	6.84	8.47
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.93	11.76	28.87	8.93	11.95
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.62	5.16	16.04	5.12	6.78
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.51	26.59	12.28	26.45	24.28
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.06	4.98	7.63	0.49	1.54
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.90	2.33	5.15	2.57	2.96
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.58	0.55	4.89	1.13	1.70
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.79	55.70	66.16	74.88	73.56
Past Year Heroin Use	0.29	0.06	0.52	0.29	0.32
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.17	64.65	83.11	88.19	87.42
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.82	0.20	1.51	0.78	0.89
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.58	3.59	7.49	4.18	4.69
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	57.20	10.27	59.53	62.94	62.42
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.13	6.36	39.68	26.30	28.33
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	37.88	37.81	31.04	39.12	37.89
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.59	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.54	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.75	5.37	31.73	26.05	26.91
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.68	3.43	23.90	21.06	21.49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.69	69.04	63.87	69.50	68.65
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.31	2.43	5.67	1.69	2.29
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.65	0.46	0.92	0.63	0.67
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.52	2.39	11.27	4.91	5.87
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.92	4.09	14.05	6.02	7.24
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1.91	2.24	5.02	1.32	1.88
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.38	2.29	11.34	4.71	5.72
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.32	3.89	13.62	5.33	6.59
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.17	4.37	4.79
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.72	18.81	19.71
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.03	15.46	15.39
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.29	3.90	4.87
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.84	11.87	6.81	7.58
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

KENTUCKY

Table 45 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Kentucky, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	336	25	87	223	310
Past Year Marijuana Use	475	41	135	300	434
Past Month Marijuana Use	287	20	81	185	266
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,029	97	59	873	932
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	39	16	18	5	23
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	109	8	26	75	102
Past Year Cocaine Use	59	2	22	35	57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,786	199	315	2,273	2,588
Past Year Heroin Use	14	0	3	10	14
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,253	232	396	2,625	3,021
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	35	1	9	25	34
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	160	12	35	114	149
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,470	35	231	1,204	1,435
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	805	20	159	626	784
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,613	145	168	1,300	1,467
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	103	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	68	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,246	33	190	1,022	1,213
Past Month Cigarette Use	984	20	147	817	964
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,399	212	280	1,907	2,188
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	104	10	35	60	94
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	30	2	6	22	29
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	183	5	42	135	177
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	263	12	64	186	251
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	89	9	31	50	80
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	174	6	41	128	169
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	234	12	62	160	222
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	35	152	187
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	107	640	747
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	78	512	590
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	49	109	158
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	41	57	207	264
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

KENTUCKY

Table 46 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Kentucky, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.09	7.46	18.65	7.73	9.26
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.86	11.94	28.74	10.39	12.95
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.77	6.01	17.38	6.41	7.95
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	27.84	28.52	12.62	30.26	27.77
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.85	5.16	6.74	0.38	1.29
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.96	2.30	5.64	2.60	3.03
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.60	0.54	4.74	1.21	1.70
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	75.46	58.35	67.12	78.82	77.18
Past Year Heroin Use	0.37	0.05	0.67	0.36	0.41
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.12	68.30	84.46	91.02	90.10
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.94	0.22	1.89	0.87	1.01
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.34	3.40	7.43	3.95	4.44
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	39.80	10.25	49.27	41.74	42.79
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	21.79	5.95	33.83	21.70	23.39
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.67	42.75	35.80	45.06	43.76
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.63	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.92	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	33.73	9.61	40.64	35.45	36.18
Past Month Cigarette Use	26.66	5.88	31.46	28.33	28.77
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	64.98	62.19	59.84	66.14	65.26
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.82	2.92	7.38	2.07	2.81
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.82	0.45	1.36	0.78	0.86
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.94	1.61	8.95	4.68	5.28
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.12	3.62	13.72	6.46	7.47
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.41	2.55	6.58	1.72	2.40
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.72	1.64	8.67	4.44	5.03
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.34	3.53	13.20	5.56	6.63
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.53	5.26	5.58
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22.83	22.21	22.29
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.63	17.77	17.61
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.47	3.78	4.71
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.94	12.09	7.19	7.87
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

LOUISIANA

Table 47 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Louisiana, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	356	25	103	228	331
Past Year Marijuana Use	469	36	142	290	433
Past Month Marijuana Use	291	21	92	178	271
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,115	101	72	942	1,014
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	35	15	15	5	20
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	133	10	34	90	124
Past Year Cocaine Use	55	1	18	36	54
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,833	201	334	2,298	2,632
Past Year Heroin Use	8	0	2	6	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,355	242	412	2,701	3,113
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	17	1	3	13	16
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	158	11	34	113	147
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,922	37	267	1,618	1,884
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,024	19	175	830	1,005
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,687	164	192	1,331	1,523
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	105	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	61	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,158	25	170	963	1,132
Past Month Cigarette Use	917	16	133	768	901
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,596	228	311	2,056	2,368
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	102	9	33	61	94
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	27	2	6	19	25
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	236	8	49	179	228
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	307	14	70	223	293
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	91	8	31	52	83
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	213	7	45	160	205
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	277	13	67	197	264
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27	137	164
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	97	566	663
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	57	411	468
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	40	108	147
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	39	43	205	249
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

LOUISIANA

Table 48 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Louisiana, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.29	6.95	21.05	7.64	9.54
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.23	9.92	28.98	9.76	12.48
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.60	5.67	18.80	5.99	7.80
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	29.08	27.75	14.73	31.63	29.22
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.58	4.53	5.81	0.33	1.08
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.48	2.61	6.87	3.03	3.57
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.43	0.28	3.69	1.19	1.55
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	73.91	55.03	68.05	77.18	75.88
Past Year Heroin Use	0.22	0.04	0.40	0.21	0.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.54	66.18	83.82	90.74	89.75
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.44	0.14	0.67	0.44	0.47
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.12	3.00	6.83	3.81	4.24
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.12	10.19	54.27	54.34	54.33
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.72	5.21	35.73	27.87	28.98
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.99	44.76	39.19	44.70	43.91
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.51	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.35	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	30.20	6.90	34.52	32.34	32.65
Past Month Cigarette Use	23.92	4.36	27.11	25.79	25.98
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.72	62.51	63.36	69.08	68.26
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.67	2.42	6.63	2.05	2.70
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.70	0.44	1.15	0.65	0.72
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.16	2.26	10.03	6.00	6.57
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.02	3.89	14.25	7.50	8.46
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.37	2.15	6.39	1.74	2.40
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.55	2.05	9.13	5.39	5.92
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.22	3.49	13.59	6.62	7.61
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	5.47	4.60	4.72
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	19.67	19.02	19.11
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.52	13.81	13.49
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	8.07	3.62	4.25
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	10.76	8.80	6.90	7.17
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MAINE

Table 49 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Maine, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	189	10	45	134	179
Past Year Marijuana Use	253	14	57	182	239
Past Month Marijuana Use	183	9	43	131	174
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	209	17	10	182	192
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	13	5	5	3	8
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	34	2	9	23	32
Past Year Cocaine Use	21	1	8	13	21
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	812	51	74	687	761
Past Year Heroin Use	6	0	2	4	6
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,007	59	105	842	947
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	5	0	1	3	5
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	45	2	9	34	43
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	649	10	80	559	639
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	272	5	50	217	267
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	467	34	36	396	433
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	34	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	280	7	44	229	273
Past Month Cigarette Use	233	6	34	193	228
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	819	62	79	678	757
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	35	3	10	22	32
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	9	0	2	7	9
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	65	2	13	50	63
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	93	4	20	69	89
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	31	3	9	19	29
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	63	2	12	48	61
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	89	4	19	65	85
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	10	39	49
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	33	170	203
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	24	180	204
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12	30	43
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14	19	61	80
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MAINE

Table 50 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Maine, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	16.35	10.67	36.10	14.25	16.83
Past Year Marijuana Use	21.94	15.81	45.67	19.36	22.46
Past Month Marijuana Use	15.81	9.89	34.38	13.89	16.31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	18.07	19.33	7.90	19.33	17.96
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.53	6.24	10.62	0.70	1.87
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.97	2.14	7.40	2.45	3.04
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.86	0.70	6.62	1.33	1.96
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.18	56.63	59.87	72.86	71.31
Past Year Heroin Use	0.51	0.05	1.24	0.45	0.55
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.04	65.70	84.65	89.37	88.81
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.42	0.12	1.17	0.35	0.45
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.94	2.70	7.37	3.60	4.04
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	56.16	11.24	64.29	59.37	59.96
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.53	5.94	40.11	22.99	25.02
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	40.32	37.72	29.16	42.05	40.54
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	24.13	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.16	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.21	7.90	35.21	24.30	25.59
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.16	6.17	27.60	20.50	21.35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	70.78	68.37	63.42	71.99	70.98
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.03	3.55	8.00	2.32	2.99
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.78	0.46	1.39	0.73	0.80
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.62	2.26	10.50	5.29	5.91
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.08	4.75	16.02	7.33	8.36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.70	2.90	7.35	2.06	2.69
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.41	2.13	9.80	5.14	5.69
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.69	4.64	15.55	6.93	7.94
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.71	4.19	4.60
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.59	17.99	19.01
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	19.18	19.15	19.16
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.98	3.19	3.99
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.07	15.31	6.44	7.48
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MARYLAND

Table 51 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Maryland, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	599	41	172	386	558
Past Year Marijuana Use	781	62	240	478	718
Past Month Marijuana Use	539	32	160	347	507
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,268	119	77	1,071	1,149
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	57	23	25	10	34
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	169	12	49	108	158
Past Year Cocaine Use	107	2	38	67	105
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,602	257	381	2,963	3,344
Past Year Heroin Use	27	0	6	21	27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,354	309	499	3,546	4,045
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	13	0	2	10	12
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	197	14	45	138	183
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,689	43	360	2,287	2,646
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,199	21	241	937	1,178
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,331	206	243	1,881	2,124
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶(Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	126	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	71	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	963	20	159	784	943
Past Month Cigarette Use	792	12	121	659	780
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,848	326	441	3,081	3,522
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	141	12	49	79	128
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	30	2	5	23	28
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	271	7	64	201	265
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	378	16	103	260	362
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	123	12	43	69	112
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	266	6	65	195	260
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	343	15	92	237	328
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	39	140	179
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	141	637	778
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	92	559	651
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	55	129	184
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	59	79	240	318
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MARYLAND

Table 52 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Maryland, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.88	9.05	28.26	9.70	12.16
Past Year Marijuana Use	15.48	13.76	39.47	12.00	15.65
Past Month Marijuana Use	10.68	7.13	26.24	8.71	11.04
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.11	26.24	12.66	26.90	24.99
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.15	5.88	8.99	0.51	1.52
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.35	2.54	8.06	2.72	3.43
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.11	0.35	6.20	1.69	2.29
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.40	56.74	62.63	74.40	72.83
Past Year Heroin Use	0.54	0.05	1.03	0.52	0.58
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.31	68.00	81.96	89.03	88.09
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.25	0.09	0.32	0.26	0.27
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.90	3.05	7.32	3.47	3.98
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	53.30	9.48	59.08	57.41	57.64
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.77	4.63	39.58	23.53	25.66
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.20	45.50	39.93	47.23	46.26
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.12	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.72	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	19.10	4.45	26.10	19.69	20.54
Past Month Cigarette Use	15.70	2.68	19.79	16.56	16.99
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	76.27	71.94	72.33	77.36	76.69
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.79	2.73	8.01	1.99	2.79
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.59	0.47	0.78	0.58	0.60
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.37	1.44	10.46	5.04	5.76
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.49	3.45	16.84	6.52	7.89
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.44	2.56	6.98	1.74	2.43
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.28	1.38	10.64	4.90	5.67
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.81	3.33	15.07	5.94	7.15
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.48	3.51	3.90
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.18	15.99	16.94
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.15	14.04	14.19
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.04	3.23	4.00
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.91	12.93	6.02	6.93
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MASSACHUSETTS

Table 53 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Massachusetts, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	940	53	265	623	888
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,173	79	356	737	1,093
Past Month Marijuana Use	786	43	240	503	743
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,153	99	72	983	1,054
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	86	30	41	16	57
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	250	11	73	167	239
Past Year Cocaine Use	179	3	74	102	176
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,739	264	426	3,049	3,475
Past Year Heroin Use	25	0	5	20	25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,996	320	642	4,033	4,676
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	20	1	3	16	19
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	212	13	48	151	199
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,605	62	559	2,985	3,544
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,851	36	402	1,413	1,815
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,337	203	246	1,888	2,133
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	281	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	196	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,216	21	231	964	1,195
Past Month Cigarette Use	973	13	167	793	961
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	4,323	344	563	3,416	3,979
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	189	15	66	108	174
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	40	2	6	31	38
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	418	11	112	296	408
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	567	21	158	388	546
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	178	14	59	105	164
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	394	10	104	280	384
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	514	21	151	343	494
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	59	197	256
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	208	901	1,109
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	137	925	1,062
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	80	167	247
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	66	112	296	408
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MASSACHUSETTS

Table 54 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Massachusetts, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	16.00	10.90	33.41	13.55	16.46
Past Year Marijuana Use	19.96	16.39	44.93	16.03	20.28
Past Month Marijuana Use	13.38	8.91	30.27	10.94	13.78
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	19.61	20.33	9.02	21.37	19.54
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.42	7.88	13.10	0.87	2.60
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	4.26	2.29	9.19	3.62	4.44
Past Year Cocaine Use	3.05	0.64	9.35	2.22	3.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	63.65	54.52	53.75	66.31	64.46
Past Year Heroin Use	0.42	0.03	0.62	0.43	0.46
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.06	66.02	81.07	87.71	86.74
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.33	0.13	0.33	0.36	0.35
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.60	2.58	6.08	3.29	3.70
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	61.36	12.72	70.51	64.91	65.73
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	31.50	7.43	50.76	30.73	33.67
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	39.76	41.92	31.01	41.05	39.57
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	31.78	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22.14	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.70	4.31	29.16	20.97	22.17
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.57	2.66	21.12	17.25	17.82
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	73.58	70.92	71.11	74.28	73.81
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.22	3.13	8.33	2.34	3.22
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.68	0.44	0.80	0.68	0.70
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	7.12	2.18	14.10	6.44	7.56
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	9.64	4.26	19.92	8.44	10.13
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.03	2.90	7.47	2.28	3.04
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.70	2.01	13.13	6.09	7.12
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.75	4.26	19.02	7.46	9.15
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.46	4.29	4.76
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.23	19.59	20.57
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17.31	20.11	19.69
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.07	3.63	4.57
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.60	14.11	6.44	7.56
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MICHIGAN

Table 55 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Michigan, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,129	72	292	765	1,056
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,406	109	418	879	1,297
Past Month Marijuana Use	979	60	267	652	919
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,845	181	108	1,556	1,664
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	106	41	48	17	65
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	310	20	80	211	291
Past Year Cocaine Use	143	3	52	87	140
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	6,150	413	710	5,026	5,736
Past Year Heroin Use	26	0	6	20	26
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	7,278	493	916	5,868	6,785
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	34	1	8	25	33
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	369	27	78	264	342
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	4,482	83	648	3,750	4,399
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	2,120	42	431	1,647	2,078
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	3,354	314	373	2,666	3,040
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	269	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	169	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,206	43	334	1,830	2,164
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,823	28	259	1,536	1,795
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	5,801	525	723	4,554	5,276
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	250	22	79	148	227
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	62	4	11	48	59
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	462	14	106	342	449
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	637	30	159	448	608
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	210	20	68	122	190
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	434	13	98	323	420
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	584	28	144	412	556
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	73	276	349
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	265	1,140	1,405
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	169	1,089	1,257
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	103	203	306
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	107	130	415	546
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MICHIGAN

Table 56 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Michigan, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	13.39	9.40	26.48	11.67	13.80
Past Year Marijuana Use	16.69	14.15	38.00	13.41	16.94
Past Month Marijuana Use	11.61	7.73	24.24	9.95	12.00
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	21.88	23.50	9.81	23.74	21.72
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.46	6.02	8.91	0.58	1.80
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.68	2.58	7.23	3.22	3.80
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.70	0.44	4.75	1.33	1.82
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	72.99	53.65	64.53	76.67	74.92
Past Year Heroin Use	0.31	0.06	0.52	0.30	0.33
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.39	63.98	83.21	89.52	88.61
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.41	0.14	0.76	0.38	0.44
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.37	3.50	7.10	4.02	4.46
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	53.18	10.76	58.90	57.21	57.45
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	25.16	5.46	39.18	25.12	27.14
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	39.79	40.74	33.91	40.67	39.70
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22.47	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.15	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.18	5.52	30.32	27.91	28.26
Past Month Cigarette Use	21.63	3.68	23.56	23.42	23.44
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.84	68.13	65.64	69.46	68.91
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.96	2.91	7.16	2.26	2.97
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.74	0.49	0.98	0.73	0.77
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.49	1.81	9.64	5.22	5.86
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.56	3.87	14.47	6.84	7.93
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.49	2.59	6.21	1.86	2.48
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.15	1.71	8.87	4.93	5.49
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.93	3.63	13.12	6.28	7.26
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.64	4.21	4.56
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.05	17.39	18.34
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.31	16.61	16.42
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.33	3.10	3.99
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.87	11.85	6.34	7.13
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MINNESOTA

Table 57 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Minnesota, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	422	31	120	271	391
Past Year Marijuana Use	635	56	188	391	579
Past Month Marijuana Use	357	25	110	222	332
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	892	94	50	748	798
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	61	23	29	9	38
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	147	11	43	93	135
Past Year Cocaine Use	79	2	28	49	76
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,066	225	340	2,501	2,841
Past Year Heroin Use	11	0	3	8	11
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,811	265	458	3,088	3,546
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	35	1	7	27	34
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	194	14	37	144	180
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,683	42	376	2,264	2,640
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,219	22	257	939	1,197
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,755	170	173	1,412	1,585
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	149	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	95	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,055	23	198	834	1,032
Past Month Cigarette Use	845	16	149	680	829
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,180	275	356	2,549	2,905
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	109	13	34	61	96
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	27	2	5	21	25
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	234	7	63	164	227
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	311	18	85	207	293
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	98	12	31	56	86
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	230	7	61	162	223
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	276	16	79	182	260
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	42	136	178
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	165	600	765
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	105	650	755
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	58	132	190
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	58	87	197	284
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MINNESOTA

Table 58 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Minnesota, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.12	7.30	20.93	7.46	9.31
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.71	12.95	32.75	10.78	13.78
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.71	5.81	19.12	6.13	7.91
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	19.25	21.73	8.70	20.64	18.99
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.45	5.67	10.12	0.52	1.85
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.17	2.58	7.46	2.56	3.23
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.70	0.57	4.79	1.35	1.82
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	66.23	52.26	59.13	69.00	67.64
Past Year Heroin Use	0.23	0.03	0.51	0.21	0.25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	82.32	61.45	79.72	85.18	84.43
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.76	0.27	1.22	0.74	0.81
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.19	3.17	6.36	3.97	4.30
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	57.93	9.78	65.46	62.46	62.87
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.32	5.14	44.81	25.91	28.50
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	37.89	39.30	30.19	38.94	37.74
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	22.63	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	14.41	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	22.77	5.24	34.44	23.01	24.57
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.26	3.82	25.90	18.76	19.74
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.67	63.77	61.93	70.31	69.17
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.36	3.10	5.99	1.69	2.28
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.59	0.44	0.81	0.57	0.61
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.06	1.70	10.94	4.53	5.41
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.72	4.27	14.88	5.72	6.97
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.12	2.69	5.34	1.54	2.06
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.96	1.64	10.55	4.47	5.30
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.97	3.75	13.67	5.01	6.19
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.33	3.75	4.24
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28.73	16.55	18.21
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.30	17.94	17.99
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.17	3.63	4.52
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.56	15.20	5.44	6.77
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MISSISSIPPI

Table 59 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Mississippi, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	227	17	61	148	210
Past Year Marijuana Use	279	26	87	166	253
Past Month Marijuana Use	170	12	51	107	158
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	859	79	70	711	780
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	28	11	13	3	17
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	82	7	21	54	75
Past Year Cocaine Use	32	1	9	22	31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,945	142	239	1,564	1,803
Past Year Heroin Use	5	0	1	4	5
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,153	165	275	1,713	1,988
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	15	0	3	11	15
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	104	10	24	70	93
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	935	19	144	773	917
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	505	9	84	412	496
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,172	115	142	915	1,057
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	50	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	28	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	767	19	110	638	748
Past Month Cigarette Use	601	11	86	503	589
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,684	150	214	1,320	1,534
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	67	7	21	38	60
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	18	1	4	13	17
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	108	3	26	79	105
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	158	9	42	107	149
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	58	6	21	31	52
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	99	3	24	72	96
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	140	8	39	93	132
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	19	83	102
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	64	356	420
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	33	260	293
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	28	61	88
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	28	33	122	155
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MISSISSIPPI

Table 60 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Mississippi, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.27	7.02	18.85	7.90	9.51
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.40	10.69	26.78	8.82	11.48
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.96	5.05	15.79	5.67	7.17
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	35.07	32.44	21.42	37.81	35.36
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.76	4.84	6.83	0.27	1.24
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.35	2.89	6.32	2.89	3.40
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.29	0.24	2.90	1.15	1.41
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	79.47	58.42	73.37	83.23	81.76
Past Year Heroin Use	0.21	0.01	0.42	0.20	0.23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.97	67.67	84.57	91.14	90.17
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.61	0.14	0.95	0.61	0.66
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.25	4.31	7.30	3.71	4.24
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	38.22	7.65	44.24	41.12	41.58
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	20.62	3.73	25.76	21.91	22.48
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	47.88	47.23	43.59	48.71	47.95
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.92	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	7.74	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	31.32	7.62	33.81	33.95	33.93
Past Month Cigarette Use	24.55	4.71	26.43	26.79	26.73
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.80	61.77	65.68	70.25	69.57
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.73	2.88	6.54	2.05	2.71
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.75	0.50	1.23	0.70	0.78
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.42	1.25	7.91	4.23	4.77
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.44	3.49	12.82	5.72	6.77
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.38	2.48	6.45	1.65	2.36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.06	1.27	7.35	3.85	4.36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.73	3.37	11.94	4.96	5.99
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	5.94	4.41	4.64
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	19.70	18.92	19.04
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	10.15	13.82	13.28
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	8.54	3.22	4.01
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.56	10.08	6.49	7.02
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MISSOURI

Table 61 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Missouri, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	526	39	134	354	488
Past Year Marijuana Use	699	55	206	438	643
Past Month Marijuana Use	428	27	120	281	401
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,254	124	77	1,054	1,130
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	65	22	33	11	44
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	169	14	36	119	154
Past Year Cocaine Use	81	2	29	50	79
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,710	264	412	3,035	3,446
Past Year Heroin Use	15	0	4	11	15
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,414	320	536	3,558	4,094
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	45	1	9	35	43
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	219	16	46	156	202
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,587	51	360	2,177	2,537
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,282	27	245	1,010	1,255
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,070	192	217	1,661	1,878
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	152	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	96	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,375	34	202	1,139	1,341
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,084	24	155	904	1,060
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,424	312	395	2,718	3,112
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	129	12	40	77	117
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	35	2	7	26	32
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	271	9	61	201	262
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	371	17	84	269	353
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	115	11	37	67	105
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	250	9	57	185	242
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	332	17	83	232	316
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	44	182	226
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	150	775	925
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	100	676	776
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	63	124	186
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	68	77	291	367
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MISSOURI

Table 62 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Missouri, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.36	8.26	20.72	8.93	10.58
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.75	11.81	31.87	11.03	13.95
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.42	5.80	18.57	7.08	8.68
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.67	26.41	11.87	26.56	24.49
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.21	4.93	8.95	0.47	1.72
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.32	3.07	5.52	2.99	3.34
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.59	0.47	4.44	1.26	1.71
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	73.04	56.40	63.83	76.49	74.71
Past Year Heroin Use	0.30	0.04	0.54	0.29	0.32
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.92	68.46	83.18	89.67	88.76
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.88	0.29	1.32	0.88	0.94
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.31	3.53	7.14	3.94	4.39
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	50.93	10.80	55.78	54.87	55.00
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	25.23	5.82	37.98	25.45	27.20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	40.75	41.11	33.64	41.86	40.71
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.05	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.25	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	27.07	7.27	31.33	28.71	29.08
Past Month Cigarette Use	21.33	5.20	24.06	22.79	22.97
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.40	66.65	61.22	68.49	67.48
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.54	2.66	6.20	1.93	2.53
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.69	0.50	1.04	0.65	0.70
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.33	1.86	9.49	5.06	5.68
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.29	3.72	13.08	6.77	7.66
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.27	2.34	5.81	1.69	2.27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.93	1.82	8.83	4.66	5.24
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.54	3.59	12.88	5.86	6.84
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.85	4.59	4.91
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.27	19.52	20.05
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.50	17.03	16.82
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.75	3.11	4.04
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.57	11.87	7.33	7.96
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MONTANA

Table 63 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Montana, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	126	8	30	88	118
Past Year Marijuana Use	171	12	45	115	160
Past Month Marijuana Use	114	7	28	80	108
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	178	16	10	153	163
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	12	4	5	2	7
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	31	2	9	21	29
Past Year Cocaine Use	17	1	6	10	16
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	600	40	65	495	560
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	1	2	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	750	48	90	612	702
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	6	0	2	4	6
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	40	3	9	28	37
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	505	10	71	425	496
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	257	6	51	201	252
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	316	27	30	259	289
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	28	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	238	6	42	190	232
Past Month Cigarette Use	180	4	31	144	176
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	609	47	66	496	562
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	27	3	9	15	24
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	6	0	1	5	6
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	67	3	15	49	64
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	79	5	20	54	74
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	23	3	8	12	21
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	62	2	14	45	60
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	73	4	19	50	69
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9	33	42
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	29	130	159
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18	104	122
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12	27	39
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11	15	48	64
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

MONTANA

Table 64 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Montana, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	14.33	10.37	27.14	12.71	14.70
Past Year Marijuana Use	19.53	15.91	40.51	16.57	19.86
Past Month Marijuana Use	13.01	8.80	25.13	11.52	13.40
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	20.30	20.91	9.22	22.02	20.24
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.78	6.53	10.95	0.67	2.09
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.59	2.92	7.76	2.99	3.65
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.91	0.89	5.81	1.39	2.00
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.34	53.99	58.89	71.38	69.65
Past Year Heroin Use	0.33	0.08	0.71	0.30	0.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.44	64.59	81.51	88.28	87.34
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.68	0.17	1.62	0.59	0.73
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.55	3.43	8.17	4.09	4.65
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	57.53	12.82	64.38	61.26	61.69
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	29.29	7.54	45.86	28.99	31.31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	35.94	36.01	27.03	37.36	35.94
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	24.66	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.15	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	27.11	8.33	38.20	27.36	28.86
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.53	6.03	28.45	20.83	21.88
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.38	63.20	60.11	71.52	69.95
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.11	3.93	8.10	2.22	3.03
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.72	0.49	1.19	0.66	0.74
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	7.65	3.72	13.85	7.08	8.01
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.98	6.30	17.91	7.84	9.23
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.64	3.39	7.63	1.76	2.57
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	7.08	3.27	13.06	6.54	7.44
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.32	5.71	17.19	7.19	8.57
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.75	4.77	5.18
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.11	18.77	19.78
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.24	15.07	15.23
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.26	3.90	4.91
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.07	13.90	6.99	7.94
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEBRASKA

Table 65 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Nebraska, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	141	10	47	84	131
Past Year Marijuana Use	180	19	65	96	162
Past Month Marijuana Use	121	9	40	71	111
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	378	39	25	313	338
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	21	8	11	2	13
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	45	3	14	28	41
Past Year Cocaine Use	26	1	12	13	25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,107	83	128	896	1,024
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	1	3	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,314	97	169	1,047	1,216
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	8	0	2	5	8
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	59	5	15	39	54
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	913	16	134	763	897
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	454	10	93	351	444
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	613	59	66	488	553
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	48	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	32	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	412	8	77	328	404
Past Month Cigarette Use	326	6	56	264	320
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,045	99	135	811	946
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	40	4	15	21	36
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	10	1	2	7	9
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	91	3	27	61	87
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	120	6	34	80	114
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	36	4	14	18	32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	89	3	26	60	85
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	106	6	35	66	100
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	14	47	61
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	53	199	252
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	35	187	222
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	20	37	57
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	20	25	69	94
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEBRASKA

Table 66 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Nebraska, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.04	6.65	22.11	7.02	9.30
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.51	12.04	30.55	8.06	11.46
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.70	6.00	18.76	5.96	7.89
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.15	25.60	11.93	26.16	23.99
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.27	5.20	9.72	0.39	1.73
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.87	2.24	6.34	2.33	2.93
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.68	0.60	5.65	1.11	1.80
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.79	53.66	60.13	74.88	72.65
Past Year Heroin Use	0.22	0.07	0.40	0.21	0.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	84.02	63.15	79.32	87.50	86.26
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.52	0.14	1.14	0.45	0.56
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.76	2.98	7.18	3.25	3.84
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	58.34	10.21	62.94	63.73	63.60
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	29.00	6.56	43.56	29.31	31.46
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	39.15	38.31	30.87	40.74	39.24
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.72	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.86	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.34	4.96	35.90	27.40	28.68
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.81	3.68	26.25	22.05	22.69
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	66.83	64.08	63.42	67.79	67.12
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.54	2.71	6.95	1.73	2.52
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.65	0.47	0.95	0.62	0.67
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.80	2.17	12.54	5.06	6.19
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.69	4.05	16.10	6.66	8.08
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.29	2.57	6.51	1.50	2.26
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.66	2.03	12.01	5.00	6.06
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.78	3.86	16.20	5.48	7.10
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.58	3.89	4.30
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.79	16.64	17.88
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.63	15.61	15.77
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.21	3.13	4.05
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.01	11.60	5.76	6.64
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEVADA

Table 67 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Nevada, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	332	23	79	230	309
Past Year Marijuana Use	416	33	102	282	384
Past Month Marijuana Use	292	20	74	199	272
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	578	42	30	506	536
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	29	11	11	6	17
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	96	8	22	67	89
Past Year Cocaine Use	58	1	17	40	56
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,732	119	179	1,434	1,613
Past Year Heroin Use	12	0	3	9	12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,080	143	232	1,706	1,937
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	22	1	5	16	22
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	123	9	23	92	115
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,195	22	142	1,030	1,173
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	585	12	90	483	572
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,144	104	127	914	1,041
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶(Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	57	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	33	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	597	10	79	508	587
Past Month Cigarette Use	484	6	64	414	477
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,779	150	199	1,431	1,629
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	86	9	27	50	77
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	17	1	3	13	16
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	140	5	33	101	135
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	199	12	53	134	187
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	76	10	26	40	66
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	129	5	31	92	123
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	190	12	47	131	178
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	18	78	96
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	71	354	424
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	31	248	279
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	30	74	104
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	34	36	115	152
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEVADA

Table 68 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Nevada, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	13.42	10.15	27.74	11.72	13.75
Past Year Marijuana Use	16.82	14.37	35.81	14.34	17.06
Past Month Marijuana Use	11.81	8.82	25.86	10.11	12.11
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.32	18.55	10.63	25.73	23.80
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.21	6.31	8.52	0.55	1.50
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.89	3.35	7.58	3.41	3.94
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.33	0.62	5.83	2.02	2.50
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	69.95	52.63	62.63	73.00	71.68
Past Year Heroin Use	0.50	0.09	1.16	0.45	0.54
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	84.05	63.18	81.30	86.82	86.12
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.89	0.23	1.87	0.83	0.96
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.97	3.78	8.07	4.66	5.09
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	48.25	9.63	49.94	52.45	52.14
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.62	5.41	31.43	24.58	25.45
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.22	45.75	44.43	46.53	46.26
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.08	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.99	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.12	4.61	27.75	25.84	26.09
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.54	2.78	22.33	21.06	21.22
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.86	66.17	69.77	72.82	72.43
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.48	4.17	9.48	2.53	3.41
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.69	0.61	0.93	0.67	0.70
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.66	2.33	11.75	5.16	6.00
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.04	5.20	18.76	6.81	8.32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.05	4.21	9.16	2.03	2.94
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.20	2.28	10.98	4.69	5.49
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.68	5.42	16.50	6.66	7.91
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.49	3.96	4.28
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.82	18.01	18.87
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	10.98	12.60	12.40
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.40	3.78	4.62
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.97	12.79	5.86	6.74
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Table 69 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Hampshire, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	165	9	46	110	156
Past Year Marijuana Use	216	15	61	139	201
Past Month Marijuana Use	149	8	41	100	141
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	220	22	11	187	198
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	15	5	7	2	9
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	42	3	15	25	40
Past Year Cocaine Use	25	1	13	12	25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	776	52	75	649	724
Past Year Heroin Use	8	0	2	6	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,002	64	117	821	938
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	8	0	2	6	7
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	49	3	10	36	46
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	731	11	99	622	720
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	331	6	66	260	325
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	439	36	41	362	404
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	38	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	260	6	48	206	254
Past Month Cigarette Use	205	5	36	164	200
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	827	67	94	665	759
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	37	3	14	20	33
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	8	0	2	6	8
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	71	2	18	51	69
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	96	4	28	65	92
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	31	3	12	16	28
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	69	2	17	50	67
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	90	4	26	61	86
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	13	43	56
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	38	165	203
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	28	175	203
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	15	37	52
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13	20	68	88
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Table 70 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Hampshire, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	14.28	9.87	32.43	11.93	14.68
Past Year Marijuana Use	18.62	15.44	43.17	15.15	18.90
Past Month Marijuana Use	12.90	8.64	28.93	10.86	13.28
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	18.97	22.78	7.55	20.36	18.63
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.83	6.37	11.37	0.57	2.13
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.66	2.63	10.37	2.73	3.76
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.20	0.89	8.81	1.32	2.32
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	67.04	54.96	52.47	70.53	68.10
Past Year Heroin Use	0.68	0.09	1.43	0.62	0.73
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.58	67.27	82.08	89.25	88.29
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.66	0.20	1.31	0.60	0.70
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.22	3.00	7.06	3.91	4.33
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	63.12	11.30	69.33	67.56	67.80
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	28.58	5.79	46.36	28.20	30.63
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	37.94	37.48	28.93	39.39	37.98
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	25.45	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.79	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	22.47	6.38	33.53	22.43	23.92
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.68	4.87	25.55	17.80	18.84
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.37	70.42	66.00	72.30	71.46
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.15	3.44	9.57	2.13	3.13
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.69	0.48	1.24	0.63	0.71
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.13	1.98	12.94	5.52	6.51
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.32	4.25	19.33	7.04	8.69
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.66	2.92	8.51	1.73	2.64
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.95	1.84	11.83	5.46	6.32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.80	4.17	18.13	6.58	8.13
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.90	4.72	5.28
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.70	17.98	19.15
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	19.88	19.00	19.12
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.87	3.97	4.89
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.91	14.23	7.37	8.29
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEW JERSEY

Table 71 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Jersey, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	641	44	223	373	597
Past Year Marijuana Use	912	71	315	526	841
Past Month Marijuana Use	542	36	199	307	506
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,434	205	117	2,111	2,229
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	85	29	42	14	56
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	208	13	60	135	194
Past Year Cocaine Use	142	3	58	80	138
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	5,442	408	552	4,482	5,034
Past Year Heroin Use	34	0	7	26	34
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	6,568	472	745	5,351	6,096
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	18	1	3	15	18
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	271	17	58	196	254
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	4,029	75	534	3,420	3,953
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,836	38	359	1,439	1,798
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	3,552	315	327	2,910	3,237
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	212	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	125	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,575	29	266	1,281	1,547
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,264	17	214	1,033	1,247
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	5,847	513	610	4,725	5,334
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	173	17	61	95	156
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	46	3	7	35	43
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	357	11	99	248	347
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	472	23	141	308	449
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	141	17	49	75	124
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	350	11	99	240	339
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	435	22	125	288	413
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	56	197	253
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	187	929	1,115
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	108	751	858
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	81	154	235
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	77	89	328	417
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEW JERSEY

Table 72 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Jersey, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.45	6.37	25.09	6.22	8.66
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.04	10.28	35.36	8.77	12.21
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.15	5.16	22.34	5.12	7.35
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	32.09	29.71	13.18	35.18	32.32
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.78	4.23	8.54	0.39	1.38
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.74	1.92	6.68	2.25	2.82
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.87	0.49	6.48	1.34	2.01
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.77	59.02	61.95	74.69	73.03
Past Year Heroin Use	0.45	0.05	0.82	0.44	0.49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.64	68.23	83.66	89.17	88.45
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.24	0.08	0.35	0.25	0.26
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.57	2.46	6.52	3.26	3.68
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	53.13	10.87	59.91	56.99	57.37
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.21	5.48	40.32	23.97	26.09
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.84	45.62	36.72	48.49	46.97
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.97	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.35	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.78	4.14	29.89	21.34	22.45
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.67	2.50	24.00	17.21	18.09
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	77.11	74.20	68.46	78.73	77.40
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.28	2.46	6.80	1.58	2.26
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.60	0.43	0.82	0.59	0.62
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.71	1.54	11.11	4.13	5.03
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.23	3.34	15.80	5.14	6.52
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	1.85	2.40	5.52	1.25	1.80
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.61	1.54	11.08	4.00	4.92
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.74	3.21	14.07	4.79	5.99
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.31	3.28	3.67
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	20.96	15.48	16.19
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	12.09	12.51	12.45
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.14	2.56	3.41
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.17	10.03	5.46	6.05
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEW MEXICO

Table 73 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Mexico, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	233	18	59	156	215
Past Year Marijuana Use	302	26	74	202	276
Past Month Marijuana Use	206	16	54	136	190
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	444	34	29	381	410
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	22	9	9	5	13
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	64	4	18	41	59
Past Year Cocaine Use	35	1	12	21	34
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,199	88	137	974	1,111
Past Year Heroin Use	6	0	2	4	6
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,465	110	181	1,175	1,355
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	20	1	5	15	20
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	72	6	17	49	66
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	845	17	118	710	828
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	421	9	73	339	412
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	825	72	91	662	753
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	46	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	25	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	433	8	69	355	425
Past Month Cigarette Use	346	5	56	286	342
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,231	104	143	985	1,128
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	55	7	19	29	48
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	9	1	2	6	8
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	104	4	24	76	100
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	138	10	37	91	128
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	49	7	18	24	41
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	96	3	23	69	93
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	128	9	34	85	120
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	14	55	68
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	53	223	276
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	27	171	199
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	19	43	63
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	25	25	79	103
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEW MEXICO

Table 74 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New Mexico, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	13.51	11.00	26.72	11.65	13.78
Past Year Marijuana Use	17.51	15.62	33.63	15.09	17.71
Past Month Marijuana Use	11.96	9.74	24.39	10.19	12.20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.75	20.76	13.00	28.49	26.28
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.80	7.54	9.54	0.72	1.90
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.68	2.56	8.09	3.10	3.80
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.02	0.74	5.58	1.59	2.15
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	69.51	53.07	62.23	72.73	71.24
Past Year Heroin Use	0.34	0.10	0.81	0.29	0.37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	84.96	66.18	81.90	87.76	86.92
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.19	0.31	2.25	1.12	1.28
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.15	3.32	7.76	3.66	4.24
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	48.98	10.32	53.37	53.04	53.09
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.41	5.50	33.01	25.33	26.42
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	47.84	43.41	41.30	49.46	48.31
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.04	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.60	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	25.08	4.76	31.42	26.56	27.24
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.06	2.74	25.33	21.34	21.91
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.37	62.42	64.74	73.57	72.32
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.17	4.11	8.41	2.18	3.07
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.52	0.59	0.93	0.45	0.52
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.01	2.22	10.87	5.68	6.42
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.01	6.01	16.81	6.80	8.22
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.81	4.25	8.11	1.76	2.66
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.57	2.07	10.64	5.16	5.94
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.44	5.20	15.54	6.38	7.68
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.29	4.08	4.39
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.08	16.68	17.73
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	12.32	12.80	12.74
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	8.78	3.23	4.01
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.88	11.18	5.88	6.63
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEW YORK

Table 75 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New York, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,858	110	540	1,208	1,747
Past Year Marijuana Use	2,436	167	778	1,491	2,270
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,592	95	503	994	1,497
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	4,570	372	288	3,910	4,198
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	192	68	90	34	124
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	555	27	149	380	528
Past Year Cocaine Use	414	6	125	283	407
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	11,568	785	1,338	9,444	10,783
Past Year Heroin Use	50	1	10	40	49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	14,316	925	1,780	11,612	13,391
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	33	1	6	26	32
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	577	35	133	409	542
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	9,197	138	1,338	7,720	9,058
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	4,201	77	917	3,208	4,125
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	7,613	654	802	6,157	6,959
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	432	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	280	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	3,300	52	562	2,685	3,248
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,715	34	416	2,265	2,682
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	12,876	1,015	1,519	10,341	11,861
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	459	40	165	254	419
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	94	5	16	73	89
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	953	25	211	716	928
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,295	57	327	911	1,238
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	424	39	151	233	384
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	913	24	202	687	889
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	1,185	52	306	826	1,132
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	127	463	590
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	509	2,203	2,713
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	298	1,882	2,181
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	199	369	568
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	161	231	768	999
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NEW YORK

Table 76 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in New York, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	11.06	7.86	25.04	9.12	11.35
Past Year Marijuana Use	14.50	11.88	36.10	11.26	14.74
Past Month Marijuana Use	9.47	6.75	23.35	7.50	9.72
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	27.18	26.53	13.35	29.52	27.24
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.02	5.21	8.16	0.51	1.53
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.30	1.91	6.89	2.87	3.43
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.46	0.44	5.79	2.13	2.65
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	68.85	55.98	62.06	71.31	70.01
Past Year Heroin Use	0.30	0.04	0.46	0.30	0.32
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.22	65.92	82.54	87.67	86.95
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.20	0.08	0.27	0.20	0.21
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.43	2.47	6.19	3.09	3.52
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	54.73	9.85	62.07	58.29	58.82
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	25.00	5.45	42.52	24.22	26.78
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	45.30	46.58	37.22	46.49	45.19
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.64	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.36	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	19.64	3.72	26.09	20.27	21.09
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.16	2.41	19.30	17.10	17.41
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	76.63	72.35	70.47	78.08	77.01
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.73	2.87	7.67	1.92	2.72
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.56	0.39	0.72	0.55	0.58
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.67	1.79	9.80	5.41	6.02
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.71	4.04	15.18	6.88	8.04
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.52	2.80	7.02	1.76	2.50
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.43	1.71	9.36	5.19	5.77
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.05	3.73	14.19	6.24	7.35
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	5.87	3.50	3.83
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.63	16.63	17.61
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.83	14.21	14.16
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.22	2.79	3.68
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	11.46	10.70	5.80	6.49
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NORTH CAROLINA

Table 77 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in North Carolina, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	828	60	221	547	768
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,024	83	311	630	941
Past Month Marijuana Use	673	48	200	425	625
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,546	216	173	2,157	2,330
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	94	37	42	15	57
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	278	20	72	186	258
Past Year Cocaine Use	158	3	54	100	154
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	6,330	438	719	5,174	5,893
Past Year Heroin Use	38	0	10	28	38
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	7,383	510	872	6,001	6,873
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	53	1	9	43	52
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	363	28	80	255	335
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,772	70	519	3,183	3,702
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,728	36	324	1,367	1,691
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	3,841	359	421	3,062	3,482
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	208	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	119	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,103	46	355	1,702	2,057
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,705	27	268	1,410	1,677
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	5,935	523	682	4,730	5,412
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	231	24	78	129	207
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	55	4	9	43	52
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	372	10	77	285	361
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	532	29	128	375	504
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	197	22	71	104	175
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	348	11	75	262	337
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	474	26	119	329	448
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	66	293	359
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	234	1,153	1,387
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	137	1,027	1,164
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	101	251	352
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	95	108	409	518
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NORTH CAROLINA

Table 78 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in North Carolina, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.76	7.59	21.08	8.23	9.98
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.06	10.48	29.70	9.47	12.23
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.92	6.04	19.04	6.40	8.12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	29.98	27.42	16.47	32.43	30.24
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.81	4.93	6.90	0.41	1.30
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.28	2.52	6.87	2.80	3.36
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.86	0.40	5.17	1.51	2.01
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	74.58	55.45	68.62	77.78	76.52
Past Year Heroin Use	0.45	0.04	0.96	0.42	0.49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.00	64.58	83.23	90.22	89.27
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.63	0.18	0.83	0.65	0.68
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.28	3.60	7.59	3.84	4.35
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	44.43	8.81	49.57	47.85	48.09
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	20.35	4.61	30.89	20.56	21.97
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	45.25	45.51	40.14	46.03	45.23
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.58	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.05	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	24.78	5.88	33.90	25.58	26.71
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.08	3.45	25.55	21.19	21.79
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.92	66.26	65.06	71.12	70.29
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.72	2.99	7.49	1.94	2.69
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.65	0.46	0.88	0.64	0.67
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.38	1.31	7.34	4.28	4.69
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.27	3.63	12.25	5.64	6.54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.32	2.83	6.78	1.56	2.27
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.10	1.34	7.20	3.93	4.38
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.59	3.34	11.33	4.95	5.82
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.27	4.41	4.66
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22.32	17.34	18.02
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.07	15.44	15.12
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.67	3.77	4.57
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.03	10.35	6.15	6.72
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NORTH DAKOTA

Table 79 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in North Dakota, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	47	3	16	28	44
Past Year Marijuana Use	68	5	24	38	62
Past Month Marijuana Use	40	3	14	23	37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	143	15	11	118	128
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	8	2	4	1	5
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	18	1	6	11	17
Past Year Cocaine Use	9	0	5	4	9
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	439	29	60	351	410
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	1	2	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	518	34	78	406	484
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	6	0	2	4	6
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	25	2	7	17	23
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	368	6	66	296	362
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	192	3	47	142	189
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	229	19	28	181	209
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	26	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	164	4	34	126	161
Past Month Cigarette Use	125	3	25	97	122
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	408	34	61	313	374
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	16	2	6	9	14
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	4	0	1	3	4
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	40	1	12	27	39
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	51	2	15	34	49
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	13	1	5	6	12
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	41	1	12	28	40
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	47	2	14	30	45
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7	19	26
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23	80	103
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15	73	88
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10	16	26
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	6	12	29	40
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

NORTH DAKOTA

Table 80 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in North Dakota, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	7.68	6.29	16.18	6.09	7.81
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.95	10.27	24.99	8.13	11.02
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.44	4.99	14.50	4.93	6.57
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.18	27.78	11.06	25.20	22.75
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.89	3.79	7.46	0.42	1.61
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.97	2.31	5.92	2.43	3.03
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.51	0.61	4.68	0.96	1.60
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.37	55.62	61.09	75.22	72.80
Past Year Heroin Use	0.46	0.07	0.86	0.42	0.50
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	84.16	65.28	79.74	87.14	85.86
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.96	0.29	1.81	0.86	1.02
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.06	3.28	6.96	3.55	4.13
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	59.70	10.97	67.58	63.52	64.20
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	31.21	6.24	48.14	30.50	33.52
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	37.10	36.97	28.57	38.90	37.12
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	28.14	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.66	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.66	6.99	35.27	27.07	28.47
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.23	5.22	25.49	20.82	21.61
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	66.19	64.63	62.17	67.20	66.33
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.52	2.93	5.65	1.82	2.48
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.66	0.46	1.05	0.60	0.68
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.55	2.07	12.49	5.83	6.97
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.24	4.39	15.13	7.25	8.60
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.08	2.52	5.20	1.39	2.04
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.69	1.91	12.20	6.09	7.14
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.57	3.93	14.59	6.52	7.90
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.39	4.03	4.61
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.90	17.15	18.30
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.10	15.61	15.51
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.07	3.43	4.57
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.13	11.86	6.13	7.10
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

OHIO

Table 81 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Ohio, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	990	68	279	644	923
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,343	110	419	814	1,233
Past Month Marijuana Use	837	57	258	522	780
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,411	232	128	2,051	2,179
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	111	43	53	15	68
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	309	19	80	210	289
Past Year Cocaine Use	172	5	63	105	168
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	7,072	511	789	5,772	6,561
Past Year Heroin Use	44	1	10	33	43
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	8,665	639	1,051	6,975	8,026
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	35	1	10	24	34
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	456	31	97	327	424
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	4,984	82	713	4,189	4,901
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	2,425	46	476	1,903	2,379
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	4,106	378	417	3,311	3,728
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶(Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	271	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	168	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,806	62	444	2,300	2,745
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,234	42	340	1,851	2,192
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	6,490	581	772	5,137	5,909
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	290	28	91	171	262
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	71	5	15	52	67
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	546	15	139	392	531
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	749	36	194	519	713
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	247	24	82	140	223
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	509	15	123	371	494
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	687	34	179	474	653
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	92	346	439
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	309	1,450	1,759
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	195	1,315	1,510
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	123	281	404
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	129	153	517	670
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

OHIO

Table 82 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Ohio, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.15	7.50	22.94	8.43	10.42
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.76	12.17	34.53	10.65	13.92
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.58	6.33	21.27	6.83	8.81
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.68	25.70	10.53	26.83	24.58
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.10	5.37	8.80	0.39	1.51
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.16	2.14	6.56	2.74	3.27
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.76	0.50	5.17	1.37	1.89
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	72.47	56.65	64.96	75.51	74.06
Past Year Heroin Use	0.45	0.07	0.83	0.44	0.49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	88.80	70.79	86.53	91.25	90.60
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.36	0.10	0.83	0.31	0.39
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.67	3.49	8.00	4.28	4.79
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	51.06	9.13	58.68	54.80	55.33
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.85	5.12	39.22	24.89	26.86
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	42.07	41.96	34.33	43.32	42.08
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.14	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.48	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	28.75	6.85	36.60	30.09	30.99
Past Month Cigarette Use	22.89	4.71	28.04	24.22	24.74
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	66.50	64.37	63.59	67.20	66.71
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.97	3.10	7.51	2.23	2.96
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.73	0.51	1.20	0.68	0.75
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.60	1.71	11.41	5.13	5.99
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.67	3.99	15.97	6.79	8.05
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.53	2.69	6.77	1.84	2.51
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.21	1.64	10.15	4.85	5.58
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.04	3.74	14.76	6.20	7.37
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.60	4.53	4.95
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.42	18.97	19.85
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.05	17.20	17.05
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.09	3.68	4.56
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.35	12.63	6.76	7.56
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

OKLAHOMA

Table 83 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Oklahoma, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	270	22	84	164	248
Past Year Marijuana Use	388	36	124	228	352
Past Month Marijuana Use	221	17	71	133	204
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	901	80	61	759	821
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	36	14	15	7	22
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	103	8	35	60	95
Past Year Cocaine Use	54	2	23	30	53
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,323	185	294	1,844	2,138
Past Year Heroin Use	14	0	4	9	14
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,711	209	353	2,150	2,502
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	25	1	7	17	24
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	140	12	35	94	128
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,435	28	223	1,184	1,407
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	707	16	142	549	691
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,429	136	165	1,129	1,293
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	71	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	42	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	923	20	144	760	903
Past Month Cigarette Use	734	14	113	608	720
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,175	193	279	1,703	1,982
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	89	10	29	50	79
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	22	2	4	17	20
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	189	6	42	141	183
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	238	14	59	166	225
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	71	10	28	34	62
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	169	6	40	124	163
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	219	13	57	149	206
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	30	114	144
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	100	478	578
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	57	362	419
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	38	80	118
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	44	50	174	224
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

OKLAHOMA

Table 84 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Oklahoma, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.42	7.01	19.79	6.65	8.57
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.09	11.31	29.15	9.26	12.18
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.90	5.38	16.80	5.39	7.06
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	28.11	25.44	14.47	30.82	28.40
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.88	4.66	6.64	0.47	1.37
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.22	2.43	8.24	2.45	3.30
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.70	0.48	5.39	1.22	1.83
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	72.51	58.38	69.33	74.84	74.03
Past Year Heroin Use	0.43	0.07	0.99	0.38	0.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	84.64	66.04	83.19	87.24	86.64
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.77	0.22	1.75	0.68	0.84
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.38	3.75	8.25	3.79	4.45
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	44.79	8.88	52.60	48.05	48.72
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.05	4.92	33.61	22.27	23.93
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	44.60	42.90	38.87	45.81	44.78
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.13	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.48	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	28.81	6.19	33.92	30.83	31.28
Past Month Cigarette Use	22.91	4.36	26.63	24.66	24.94
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.89	61.00	65.93	69.11	68.64
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.77	3.09	6.94	2.01	2.74
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.69	0.52	0.88	0.67	0.70
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.90	1.97	9.93	5.71	6.33
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.44	4.36	13.93	6.72	7.78
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.23	3.12	6.60	1.37	2.13
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.28	1.88	9.39	5.01	5.66
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.83	4.25	13.40	6.04	7.12
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.04	4.64	4.99
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.59	19.40	20.02
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.49	14.70	14.52
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.03	3.25	4.10
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.86	11.81	7.06	7.75
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

OREGON

Table 85 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Oregon, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	732	34	150	547	698
Past Year Marijuana Use	928	50	199	680	879
Past Month Marijuana Use	673	30	139	505	643
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	596	50	33	513	546
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	47	16	21	10	31
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	159	9	41	109	150
Past Year Cocaine Use	104	3	37	64	101
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	2,189	149	226	1,815	2,040
Past Year Heroin Use	13	0	3	10	13
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,838	178	323	2,337	2,660
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	35	1	8	27	34
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	187	11	36	141	177
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,048	31	262	1,755	2,017
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	874	16	168	690	858
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,441	112	129	1,201	1,329
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	91	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	55	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	809	16	135	658	793
Past Month Cigarette Use	654	11	111	532	643
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,483	196	268	2,019	2,287
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	116	12	33	72	105
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	24	1	4	19	23
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	261	9	52	200	253
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	329	16	72	241	313
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	105	12	31	62	93
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	250	8	49	193	242
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	311	15	69	227	296
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	35	138	172
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	116	641	757
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	66	476	542
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	46	120	166
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	48	63	209	272
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

OREGON

Table 86 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Oregon, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	20.91	11.75	36.01	19.60	21.74
Past Year Marijuana Use	26.51	17.01	47.57	24.36	27.38
Past Month Marijuana Use	19.23	10.35	33.15	18.07	20.04
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	17.00	16.94	7.96	18.38	17.01
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.18	6.85	12.36	0.87	2.45
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	4.55	3.21	9.76	3.91	4.67
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.98	1.01	8.86	2.30	3.16
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	62.53	50.99	53.98	65.01	63.56
Past Year Heroin Use	0.37	0.07	0.61	0.36	0.40
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	81.07	60.73	77.33	83.72	82.89
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	1.00	0.27	1.80	0.95	1.06
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	5.35	3.68	8.59	5.05	5.51
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	58.49	10.54	62.70	62.88	62.86
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	24.95	5.44	40.17	24.72	26.73
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	41.16	38.23	30.77	43.02	41.42
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.83	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.63	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	23.11	5.50	32.31	23.57	24.71
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.69	3.74	26.59	19.06	20.05
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	70.91	67.04	64.17	72.32	71.26
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.32	3.96	7.85	2.58	3.27
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.69	0.51	0.87	0.69	0.71
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	7.46	2.94	12.49	7.18	7.87
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	9.39	5.30	17.17	8.65	9.76
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.99	4.01	7.46	2.21	2.90
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	7.13	2.67	11.71	6.92	7.54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.88	5.24	16.54	8.12	9.22
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	8.32	4.93	5.37
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	27.85	22.95	23.59
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.84	17.06	16.90
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.01	4.32	5.18
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	16.34	15.16	7.49	8.49
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

PENNSYLVANIA

Table 87 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Pennsylvania, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,102	62	315	724	1,040
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,433	96	448	890	1,338
Past Month Marijuana Use	893	52	284	557	841
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	2,617	233	155	2,230	2,385
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	106	37	52	17	69
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	364	19	103	242	345
Past Year Cocaine Use	215	5	74	136	210
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	7,659	501	818	6,341	7,159
Past Year Heroin Use	63	1	14	49	62
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	9,468	618	1,125	7,725	8,850
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	37	1	10	27	36
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	460	25	95	340	435
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	6,124	93	801	5,230	6,031
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	2,909	51	565	2,294	2,858
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	4,341	380	440	3,521	3,961
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	292	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	194	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	2,874	54	460	2,360	2,820
Past Month Cigarette Use	2,230	34	336	1,859	2,196
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	7,579	625	895	6,059	6,954
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	286	23	88	175	263
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	74	4	14	57	71
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	540	14	137	389	526
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	746	29	202	515	717
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	242	20	73	150	222
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	532	13	135	383	519
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	664	27	180	456	637
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	89	353	441
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	324	1,462	1,786
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	207	1,420	1,628
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	124	302	426
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	113	161	517	678
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

PENNSYLVANIA

Table 88 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Pennsylvania, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	10.15	6.73	23.74	8.42	10.47
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.21	10.36	33.74	10.34	13.47
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.23	5.59	21.38	6.48	8.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	24.10	25.24	11.67	25.92	23.99
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.83	4.39	7.99	0.41	1.40
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.36	2.02	7.79	2.81	3.48
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.98	0.54	5.57	1.58	2.12
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.58	54.27	61.55	73.71	72.07
Past Year Heroin Use	0.58	0.08	1.04	0.57	0.63
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.26	67.00	84.70	89.79	89.11
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.34	0.11	0.75	0.31	0.37
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.24	2.73	7.18	3.95	4.38
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	56.42	10.06	60.30	60.79	60.73
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	26.81	5.54	42.51	26.66	28.78
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	40.00	41.23	33.11	40.93	39.88
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.92	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.85	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.48	5.88	34.60	27.43	28.39
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.55	3.71	25.32	21.61	22.11
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.83	67.74	67.40	70.42	70.02
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.63	2.47	6.64	2.03	2.65
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.68	0.40	1.02	0.66	0.71
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.97	1.50	10.32	4.52	5.29
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.88	3.19	15.19	5.99	7.22
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.23	2.14	5.47	1.74	2.24
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.90	1.41	10.19	4.46	5.22
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.12	2.97	13.58	5.30	6.41
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.66	4.10	4.44
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.38	16.99	17.98
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.59	16.51	16.39
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.30	3.51	4.28
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.23	12.13	6.01	6.82
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

RHODE ISLAND

Table 89 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Rhode Island, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	159	9	42	108	150
Past Year Marijuana Use	189	11	56	122	177
Past Month Marijuana Use	143	7	41	96	136
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	191	16	13	162	175
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	12	4	6	3	8
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	39	2	11	26	37
Past Year Cocaine Use	24	1	10	14	24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	613	41	76	496	572
Past Year Heroin Use	4	0	1	3	4
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	772	47	103	621	725
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	4	0	1	3	3
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	42	2	9	30	39
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	546	8	86	452	538
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	264	5	56	203	259
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	360	31	44	285	329
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	31	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	203	4	36	163	199
Past Month Cigarette Use	160	2	27	131	158
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	669	50	87	531	619
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	31	3	11	18	29
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	6	0	1	4	5
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	61	2	16	44	60
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	77	3	22	51	73
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	28	3	10	15	25
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	59	2	15	42	57
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	72	3	21	48	69
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9	29	38
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	31	132	164
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	24	141	165
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	14	26	40
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	10	15	46	62
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

RHODE ISLAND

Table 90 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Rhode Island, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	17.45	11.81	33.07	15.24	17.95
Past Year Marijuana Use	20.76	15.27	43.67	17.21	21.24
Past Month Marijuana Use	15.75	9.49	31.86	13.51	16.30
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	21.01	22.26	10.00	22.88	20.90
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.79	6.51	10.10	0.81	2.17
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	4.31	2.84	8.90	3.64	4.44
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.66	0.70	7.68	1.97	2.84
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	67.52	56.01	59.38	70.15	68.51
Past Year Heroin Use	0.43	0.06	0.69	0.43	0.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	84.99	63.68	81.28	87.84	86.83
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.39	0.15	0.44	0.40	0.41
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.59	3.32	7.42	4.22	4.70
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	60.15	11.01	67.96	63.88	64.49
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	29.07	6.30	44.38	28.70	31.08
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	39.63	41.58	34.74	40.31	39.46
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	25.70	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.22	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	22.31	4.90	28.22	23.06	23.84
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.66	2.97	21.15	18.56	18.95
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	73.68	68.47	68.66	75.12	74.13
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.46	3.88	8.45	2.52	3.43
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.61	0.43	0.84	0.59	0.63
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.74	2.25	12.48	6.17	7.13
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.44	4.69	17.28	7.24	8.77
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.07	3.64	7.70	2.18	3.02
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.49	2.10	12.05	5.95	6.88
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.96	4.61	16.40	6.79	8.25
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.07	4.06	4.52
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.76	18.67	19.59
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.57	19.94	19.73
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.62	3.73	4.78
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.30	12.06	6.57	7.41
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

SOUTH CAROLINA

Table 91 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in South Carolina, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	348	29	107	213	319
Past Year Marijuana Use	462	39	144	279	423
Past Month Marijuana Use	277	20	94	163	257
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,237	102	75	1,060	1,135
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	40	15	18	6	24
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	155	13	42	101	143
Past Year Cocaine Use	81	1	30	49	80
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,166	208	348	2,610	2,958
Past Year Heroin Use	8	0	2	6	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	3,662	252	428	2,983	3,411
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	24	1	6	18	24
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	180	14	42	124	166
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	1,888	32	272	1,584	1,856
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	978	18	182	778	960
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,837	157	193	1,487	1,680
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶(Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	103	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	65	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,122	25	175	923	1,097
Past Month Cigarette Use	910	16	128	766	894
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	2,893	238	330	2,325	2,655
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	115	12	39	64	103
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	30	2	7	22	29
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	226	6	58	162	220
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	313	15	85	213	298
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	99	11	35	53	88
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	207	6	53	148	202
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	287	15	82	191	273
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	31	134	166
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	121	583	704
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	71	484	555
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	47	109	156
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	46	55	202	257
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

SOUTH CAROLINA

Table 92 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in South Carolina, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.36	7.71	20.91	6.48	8.42
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.09	10.57	28.27	8.48	11.14
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.66	5.47	18.38	4.97	6.77
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	29.68	27.59	14.69	32.27	29.89
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.64	4.55	6.85	0.35	1.18
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.73	3.38	8.18	3.07	3.76
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.95	0.38	5.95	1.50	2.10
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	76.02	56.23	68.14	79.46	77.93
Past Year Heroin Use	0.19	0.04	0.40	0.17	0.20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	87.94	67.90	83.81	90.81	89.86
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.58	0.17	1.10	0.55	0.62
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.32	3.77	8.17	3.78	4.37
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	45.33	8.65	53.32	48.23	48.91
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.47	4.87	35.60	23.68	25.29
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	44.10	42.44	37.85	45.26	44.26
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	17.90	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.40	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.94	6.73	34.25	28.09	28.92
Past Month Cigarette Use	21.85	4.42	25.15	23.31	23.56
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	69.46	64.24	64.61	70.79	69.96
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.75	3.13	7.65	1.95	2.71
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.73	0.49	1.30	0.67	0.75
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.43	1.57	11.44	4.93	5.80
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.53	4.09	16.69	6.49	7.86
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.37	2.88	6.93	1.61	2.32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.98	1.56	10.45	4.52	5.32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.90	3.94	16.01	5.81	7.18
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6.12	4.09	4.36
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.73	17.76	18.56
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.91	14.73	14.62
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.27	3.31	4.11
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.31	10.70	6.15	6.76
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

SOUTH DAKOTA

Table 93 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in South Dakota, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	60	5	19	36	55
Past Year Marijuana Use	87	8	27	52	78
Past Month Marijuana Use	50	4	17	29	46
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	186	19	12	156	168
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	8	3	4	1	5
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	22	2	6	14	20
Past Year Cocaine Use	8	0	3	4	8
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	494	35	60	399	459
Past Year Heroin Use	2	0	0	1	2
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	592	42	75	474	549
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	6	0	1	4	6
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	32	2	7	22	29
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	418	8	60	351	411
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	217	5	42	170	212
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	265	25	27	212	240
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	205	6	36	163	199
Past Month Cigarette Use	159	4	27	127	154
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	467	41	57	368	425
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	22	2	6	13	19
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	5	0	1	4	5
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	53	2	13	38	51
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	65	4	16	45	61
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	17	2	6	9	15
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	50	2	12	37	48
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	58	4	16	39	54
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7	21	28
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22	91	113
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16	82	98
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9	19	28
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	8	12	31	43
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

SOUTH DAKOTA

Table 94 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in South Dakota, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.58	7.34	20.78	6.67	8.71
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.35	12.51	29.11	9.48	12.33
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.13	5.94	18.25	5.40	7.26
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	26.48	27.66	12.79	28.68	26.35
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.84	4.65	7.02	0.42	1.37
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.19	3.00	6.51	2.65	3.21
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.14	0.56	3.45	0.82	1.20
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	70.25	52.86	64.61	73.34	72.07
Past Year Heroin Use	0.25	0.06	0.51	0.23	0.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	84.13	63.21	81.40	87.15	86.31
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.88	0.30	1.62	0.82	0.94
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.51	3.66	7.80	4.05	4.60
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	59.47	11.27	64.44	64.59	64.57
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	30.84	7.10	45.58	31.29	33.36
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	37.62	37.21	29.57	39.04	37.66
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23.23	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.63	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	29.08	8.36	39.09	29.94	31.27
Past Month Cigarette Use	22.56	6.48	29.34	23.40	24.26
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	66.33	61.82	61.46	67.71	66.80
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.08	3.63	6.94	2.36	3.02
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.69	0.51	0.93	0.68	0.71
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	7.51	3.47	13.57	6.99	7.94
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	9.18	5.59	17.38	8.23	9.56
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.45	3.13	6.73	1.64	2.38
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	7.16	2.93	12.51	6.77	7.60
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.24	5.35	17.09	7.09	8.54
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.48	3.93	4.44
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.75	16.68	17.70
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.86	15.14	15.38
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.85	3.48	4.40
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.56	13.06	5.66	6.73
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

TENNESSEE

Table 95 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Tennessee, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	538	38	158	342	500
Past Year Marijuana Use	748	60	223	465	688
Past Month Marijuana Use	447	29	135	282	418
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,588	138	96	1,353	1,449
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	52	22	23	6	30
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	194	13	54	127	181
Past Year Cocaine Use	104	3	37	65	102
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	4,250	294	483	3,473	3,956
Past Year Heroin Use	19	0	5	14	19
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,843	333	576	3,934	4,510
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	30	1	7	22	30
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	233	17	56	160	216
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	2,440	46	351	2,044	2,395
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,140	25	205	910	1,115
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,620	229	270	2,120	2,390
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	130	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	75	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,670	36	250	1,383	1,634
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,307	24	191	1,092	1,283
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,851	328	445	3,079	3,523
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	151	16	51	84	135
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	42	3	9	30	40
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	269	8	65	196	261
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	372	20	98	254	353
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	136	15	49	73	121
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	256	9	65	181	247
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	343	19	94	229	324
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	49	214	264
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	166	811	977
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	94	664	758
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	65	164	228
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	65	86	279	365
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

TENNESSEE

Table 96 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Tennessee, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.63	7.49	22.69	7.80	9.84
Past Year Marijuana Use	13.38	11.68	32.11	10.61	13.55
Past Month Marijuana Use	8.00	5.75	19.49	6.44	8.23
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	28.40	27.15	13.80	30.88	28.52
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.68	4.77	6.37	0.31	1.16
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.48	2.60	7.79	2.89	3.56
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.87	0.50	5.26	1.49	2.01
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	76.08	57.66	69.51	79.25	77.91
Past Year Heroin Use	0.34	0.05	0.66	0.32	0.37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.71	65.28	82.90	89.77	88.83
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.55	0.16	1.07	0.51	0.58
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.16	3.32	8.03	3.65	4.25
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	43.68	9.01	50.52	46.63	47.16
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	20.40	4.84	29.48	20.77	21.96
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	46.88	44.99	38.82	48.38	47.07
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.99	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.79	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	29.89	7.11	36.05	31.56	32.18
Past Month Cigarette Use	23.40	4.72	27.56	24.91	25.27
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	68.93	64.36	63.99	70.24	69.39
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.70	3.10	7.34	1.92	2.66
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.76	0.49	1.34	0.69	0.78
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.82	1.66	9.42	4.46	5.14
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.66	3.86	14.12	5.81	6.94
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.43	2.85	6.98	1.66	2.39
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.58	1.75	9.39	4.14	4.86
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.14	3.72	13.60	5.23	6.38
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.12	4.89	5.19
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.90	18.50	19.24
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	13.53	15.14	14.92
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.29	3.74	4.50
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.79	12.34	6.37	7.18
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

TEXAS

Table 97 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Texas, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,736	151	530	1,054	1,584
Past Year Marijuana Use	2,396	234	808	1,354	2,163
Past Month Marijuana Use	1,357	118	452	788	1,239
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	7,872	731	536	6,605	7,141
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	227	95	103	29	132
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	639	60	189	390	579
Past Year Cocaine Use	334	11	136	186	323
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	17,345	1,415	2,168	13,763	15,931
Past Year Heroin Use	68	1	21	46	67
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	19,736	1,626	2,607	15,504	18,110
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	128	3	35	90	125
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	912	82	214	616	830
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	10,698	213	1,594	8,891	10,485
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	5,302	104	1,039	4,158	5,198
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	11,149	1,144	1,364	8,640	10,004
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	615	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	343	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	5,121	91	841	4,189	5,030
Past Month Cigarette Use	4,163	59	691	3,414	4,105
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	16,536	1,655	2,079	12,802	14,881
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	519	62	202	254	456
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	125	14	28	82	110
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	1,040	39	280	722	1,001
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	1,394	88	421	886	1,307
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	467	61	200	206	406
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	1,014	38	279	696	976
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	1,300	81	392	826	1,218
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	182	581	763
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	667	2,642	3,309
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	351	1,988	2,339
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	288	467	754
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	296	305	863	1,168
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

TEXAS

Table 98 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Texas, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	7.64	6.23	17.17	6.14	7.81
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.55	9.61	26.19	7.88	10.67
Past Month Marijuana Use	5.98	4.86	14.63	4.59	6.11
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	34.66	30.06	17.37	38.44	35.21
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.54	4.21	5.56	0.27	1.06
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.81	2.47	6.12	2.27	2.86
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.47	0.46	4.42	1.08	1.59
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	76.43	58.18	70.22	80.10	78.59
Past Year Heroin Use	0.30	0.04	0.67	0.27	0.33
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	86.97	66.87	84.45	90.23	89.35
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.56	0.13	1.12	0.52	0.62
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.02	3.39	6.94	3.58	4.09
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	47.12	8.77	51.65	51.74	51.72
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.35	4.27	33.67	24.20	25.64
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	49.11	47.06	44.19	50.29	49.35
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	16.99	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9.48	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	22.55	3.75	27.24	24.38	24.81
Past Month Cigarette Use	18.33	2.41	22.38	19.87	20.25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.85	68.07	67.36	74.51	73.42
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.28	2.56	6.56	1.48	2.25
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.55	0.58	0.91	0.48	0.54
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.58	1.60	9.06	4.20	4.94
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.14	3.61	13.62	5.16	6.44
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.06	2.52	6.47	1.20	2.00
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.46	1.57	9.05	4.05	4.81
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.72	3.35	12.71	4.81	6.01
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	5.90	3.38	3.76
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	21.62	15.37	16.32
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	11.37	11.57	11.54
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.31	2.72	3.72
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.19	9.89	5.02	5.76
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

UTAH

Table 99 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Utah, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	196	18	67	111	178
Past Year Marijuana Use	253	28	93	133	226
Past Month Marijuana Use	152	14	58	80	138
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	690	110	64	517	581
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	32	11	16	5	21
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	75	7	23	46	69
Past Year Cocaine Use	42	2	18	21	40
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,748	181	262	1,305	1,567
Past Year Heroin Use	9	0	2	7	9
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	2,037	200	321	1,517	1,837
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	20	1	5	14	19
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	113	10	29	73	103
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	711	17	142	552	693
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	394	11	107	277	384
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,160	148	168	844	1,012
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	54	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	38	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	370	11	80	280	359
Past Month Cigarette Use	324	8	70	247	316
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,820	225	267	1,328	1,595
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	72	8	27	36	64
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	19	2	5	13	18
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	119	5	35	79	114
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	165	12	49	105	153
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	62	8	24	30	54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	113	5	35	73	108
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	149	9	47	92	139
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	37	94	132
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	114	386	500
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	71	302	373
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	48	80	128
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	47	59	135	193
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

UTAH

Table 100 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Utah, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.05	6.10	17.00	6.39	8.32
Past Year Marijuana Use	10.40	9.20	23.74	7.64	10.58
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.25	4.71	14.71	4.63	6.47
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	28.41	36.57	16.27	29.76	27.27
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.70	3.19	6.10	0.36	1.40
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.09	2.20	5.78	2.64	3.21
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.71	0.69	4.67	1.23	1.85
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.99	60.13	66.83	75.15	73.63
Past Year Heroin Use	0.37	0.04	0.58	0.38	0.41
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	83.91	66.40	81.75	87.36	86.33
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.81	0.20	1.38	0.78	0.89
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.66	3.45	7.49	4.23	4.83
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	29.25	5.77	36.17	31.76	32.54
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	16.22	3.57	27.32	15.93	18.00
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	47.76	49.33	42.77	48.61	47.54
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	12.11	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	8.51	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	15.24	3.61	20.35	16.10	16.87
Past Month Cigarette Use	13.34	2.66	17.78	14.20	14.84
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	74.93	74.79	68.10	76.48	74.94
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.95	2.72	6.93	2.10	2.99
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.79	0.51	1.25	0.74	0.83
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.89	1.75	8.92	4.52	5.33
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.78	3.84	12.42	6.03	7.19
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.55	2.57	6.16	1.73	2.54
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.66	1.60	8.93	4.23	5.09
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	6.11	3.09	12.11	5.29	6.53
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	9.51	5.43	6.18
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	28.99	22.24	23.47
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	18.21	17.38	17.53
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	12.23	4.60	5.99
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	15.48	14.95	7.75	9.06
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

VERMONT

Table 101 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Vermont, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	105	5	30	70	100
Past Year Marijuana Use	129	8	37	85	122
Past Month Marijuana Use	101	5	29	68	97
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	84	7	5	72	77
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	7	2	3	1	4
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	26	1	11	14	25
Past Year Cocaine Use	19	0	9	10	19
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	356	23	39	294	333
Past Year Heroin Use	3	0	1	2	3
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	460	27	60	372	432
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	3	0	1	2	3
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	23	1	6	16	22
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	337	6	53	279	331
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	148	3	37	109	145
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	201	16	20	165	186
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	144	3	32	109	141
Past Month Cigarette Use	112	2	25	84	109
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	387	29	49	310	359
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	20	2	8	10	19
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	4	0	1	3	4
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	39	1	12	26	38
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	52	2	17	33	50
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	18	1	8	9	17
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	36	1	11	24	35
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	48	2	16	29	45
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	6	21	27
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	22	77	99
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	17	90	107
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	8	18	27
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	5	11	27	38
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

VERMONT

Table 102 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Vermont, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	19.41	11.80	40.32	16.53	20.05
Past Year Marijuana Use	23.84	17.88	50.08	19.86	24.34
Past Month Marijuana Use	18.64	10.75	38.80	15.91	19.30
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	15.46	17.10	6.83	16.82	15.32
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	3.35	7.25	12.14	0.88	2.60
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	4.71	2.40	14.55	3.23	4.91
Past Year Cocaine Use	3.50	0.93	12.24	2.23	3.72
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	65.64	54.56	52.19	69.05	66.55
Past Year Heroin Use	0.48	0.08	1.05	0.42	0.51
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	84.69	64.37	80.56	87.38	86.37
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.49	0.13	1.27	0.39	0.53
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.22	2.76	8.02	3.71	4.35
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	62.09	13.62	70.91	65.34	66.16
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	27.32	7.15	49.25	25.50	29.02
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	37.10	37.55	27.04	38.81	37.06
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	28.12	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	19.60	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.56	7.50	42.76	25.62	28.16
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.55	5.75	33.38	19.77	21.79
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	71.36	68.10	65.33	72.72	71.63
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.76	3.99	11.17	2.45	3.74
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.76	0.42	1.26	0.70	0.79
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	7.26	2.53	16.03	6.20	7.65
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	9.64	5.47	22.65	7.79	9.99
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.30	3.25	10.33	2.09	3.31
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.65	2.32	14.44	5.72	7.01
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	8.75	4.87	21.49	6.91	9.07
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.78	5.00	5.41
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	30.05	18.06	19.84
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	23.04	21.09	21.38
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	11.29	4.27	5.31
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	12.83	14.33	6.43	7.60
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

VIRGINIA

Table 103 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Virginia, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	575	42	182	350	533
Past Year Marijuana Use	824	65	272	486	759
Past Month Marijuana Use	486	34	162	290	452
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,817	161	103	1,553	1,656
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	69	26	32	11	44
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	211	14	59	137	196
Past Year Cocaine Use	135	3	46	86	132
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	4,979	354	556	4,069	4,625
Past Year Heroin Use	25	0	6	19	25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	5,985	414	711	4,859	5,571
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	26	1	6	19	25
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	269	20	62	188	249
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,658	60	517	3,081	3,598
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,641	30	342	1,268	1,611
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	3,039	276	310	2,454	2,763
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	170	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	103	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,489	32	265	1,191	1,457
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,190	21	209	960	1,169
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	5,080	438	604	4,038	4,642
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	192	16	65	111	175
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	43	3	7	33	40
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	384	12	95	277	372
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	518	23	141	354	495
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	166	15	62	88	151
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	381	11	96	274	370
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	494	23	135	336	471
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	53	203	255
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	223	972	1,195
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	125	862	987
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	81	186	268
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	83	108	323	431
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

VIRGINIA

Table 104 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Virginia, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.22	6.73	20.77	6.39	8.37
Past Year Marijuana Use	11.78	10.35	30.99	8.87	11.92
Past Month Marijuana Use	6.96	5.48	18.47	5.28	7.10
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.97	25.60	11.73	28.31	26.01
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.82	4.52	7.06	0.41	1.35
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.01	2.27	6.77	2.50	3.09
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.93	0.43	5.26	1.57	2.08
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.21	56.28	63.35	74.16	72.66
Past Year Heroin Use	0.36	0.02	0.72	0.34	0.39
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.61	65.92	81.02	88.56	87.52
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.37	0.11	0.69	0.35	0.40
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.85	3.15	7.04	3.42	3.92
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	52.31	9.62	58.85	56.16	56.53
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.47	4.83	39.01	23.12	25.31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.46	43.89	35.26	44.72	43.41
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.45	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	11.21	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	21.29	5.06	30.23	21.71	22.89
Past Month Cigarette Use	17.02	3.36	23.78	17.50	18.37
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	72.64	69.65	68.82	73.59	72.93
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.74	2.57	7.38	2.01	2.75
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.62	0.47	0.81	0.60	0.63
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	5.49	1.90	10.77	5.05	5.84
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.41	3.65	16.10	6.45	7.78
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.37	2.43	7.11	1.61	2.36
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.45	1.81	10.88	5.00	5.81
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.06	3.60	15.42	6.12	7.40
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	5.99	3.70	4.01
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.39	17.72	18.78
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14.27	15.71	15.51
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	9.26	3.40	4.20
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.22	12.35	5.88	6.77
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WASHINGTON

Table 105 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Washington, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	1,034	56	204	774	978
Past Year Marijuana Use	1,378	80	312	986	1,298
Past Month Marijuana Use	938	48	196	694	890
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,154	101	74	979	1,053
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	94	27	38	29	67
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	236	15	53	168	222
Past Year Cocaine Use	143	4	48	91	139
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,910	272	412	3,227	3,639
Past Year Heroin Use	26	0	5	20	26
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,985	323	574	4,088	4,662
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	45	1	9	35	44
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	303	18	52	233	284
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,388	54	447	2,887	3,334
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,392	27	280	1,085	1,365
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	2,450	195	250	2,005	2,255
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	145	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	85	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,259	29	208	1,022	1,230
Past Month Cigarette Use	1,012	18	163	831	994
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	4,345	352	481	3,512	3,993
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	215	22	59	133	192
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	42	3	6	33	39
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	373	12	78	283	361
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	525	28	114	383	497
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	193	21	54	118	172
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	366	11	76	279	355
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	489	27	104	358	462
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	52	249	301
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	184	1,094	1,277
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	110	865	975
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	75	209	283
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	75	93	384	477
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WASHINGTON

Table 106 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Washington, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	16.87	10.50	27.56	15.93	17.48
Past Year Marijuana Use	22.49	14.97	42.12	20.30	23.21
Past Month Marijuana Use	15.30	8.96	26.48	14.28	15.90
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	18.79	18.89	9.94	20.16	18.78
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.91	5.81	10.30	1.02	2.36
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.86	2.71	7.21	3.47	3.97
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.33	0.70	6.52	1.87	2.49
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	63.73	50.67	55.63	66.41	64.96
Past Year Heroin Use	0.42	0.07	0.72	0.42	0.46
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	81.28	60.23	77.58	84.13	83.26
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.73	0.19	1.20	0.72	0.78
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.94	3.45	6.97	4.79	5.08
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	55.23	10.05	60.41	59.42	59.55
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	22.71	5.02	37.90	22.33	24.41
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	39.92	36.32	33.76	41.26	40.26
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	18.70	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	10.98	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	20.53	5.46	28.07	21.03	21.97
Past Month Cigarette Use	16.50	3.40	21.96	17.11	17.76
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	70.82	65.64	65.05	72.27	71.31
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	3.50	4.16	7.99	2.74	3.44
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.69	0.54	0.82	0.68	0.70
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.09	2.29	10.55	5.82	6.45
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.56	5.18	15.44	7.88	8.89
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	3.15	3.92	7.35	2.42	3.08
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	5.97	2.00	10.31	5.74	6.35
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.97	4.99	14.09	7.36	8.26
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.01	5.12	5.37
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	24.81	22.51	22.81
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	14.86	17.81	17.42
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.08	4.30	5.06
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.98	12.50	7.91	8.52
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WEST VIRGINIA

Table 107 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in West Virginia, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	140	8	35	96	131
Past Year Marijuana Use	200	14	52	134	187
Past Month Marijuana Use	118	7	31	80	111
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	399	32	21	346	367
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	13	5	5	2	7
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	46	2	11	32	43
Past Year Cocaine Use	26	1	9	16	25
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	1,167	69	121	978	1,098
Past Year Heroin Use	11	0	3	8	11
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	1,390	84	155	1,151	1,305
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	13	0	4	9	13
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	63	4	13	46	59
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	616	13	97	507	603
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	334	7	68	258	326
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	667	48	64	555	619
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	40	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	25	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	588	12	79	497	576
Past Month Cigarette Use	464	8	61	395	456
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	1,009	83	109	818	926
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	42	4	13	25	38
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	12	1	2	9	12
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	69	2	17	50	67
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	98	6	25	67	92
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	36	4	11	22	32
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	66	2	16	48	64
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	93	5	24	64	87
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	14	67	81
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	43	282	326
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	30	223	253
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	18	50	68
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	18	24	98	121
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WEST VIRGINIA

Table 108 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in West Virginia, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.00	6.67	19.30	7.74	9.21
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.91	10.70	28.80	10.81	13.10
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.59	5.45	16.94	6.44	7.78
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.70	24.82	11.51	27.88	25.78
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.52	4.61	5.95	0.33	1.05
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.94	1.89	6.30	2.56	3.04
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.65	0.61	5.07	1.26	1.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	75.25	53.96	66.57	78.68	77.13
Past Year Heroin Use	0.69	0.05	1.45	0.64	0.75
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	89.63	66.33	85.50	92.58	91.67
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.85	0.27	2.02	0.74	0.90
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.06	2.86	7.19	3.73	4.17
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	39.73	10.10	53.31	40.78	42.38
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	21.51	5.67	37.79	20.76	22.93
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	43.00	37.80	35.27	44.65	43.46
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	20.38	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.04	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	37.92	9.45	43.82	39.97	40.46
Past Month Cigarette Use	29.93	6.42	33.51	31.81	32.03
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	65.07	65.37	59.93	65.78	65.04
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.73	3.36	7.17	2.02	2.67
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.79	0.44	1.36	0.75	0.83
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	4.44	1.67	9.28	4.02	4.69
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	6.30	4.42	13.99	5.37	6.47
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.32	2.78	6.00	1.74	2.28
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	4.26	1.74	8.89	3.84	4.48
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	5.98	4.27	13.05	5.12	6.13
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.55	5.41	5.69
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	23.96	22.73	22.89
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	16.68	17.94	17.78
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.01	3.99	4.75
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.05	13.06	7.86	8.52
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WISCONSIN

Table 109 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Wisconsin, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	445	31	136	278	414
Past Year Marijuana Use	619	56	189	375	563
Past Month Marijuana Use	385	26	118	241	359
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	1,135	107	65	964	1,029
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	56	23	25	8	34
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	146	9	42	96	137
Past Year Cocaine Use	98	3	39	57	96
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	3,376	225	382	2,768	3,150
Past Year Heroin Use	18	0	4	13	18
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	4,175	284	508	3,383	3,891
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	22	1	7	15	21
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	187	14	46	127	173
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	3,004	48	428	2,528	2,957
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	1,503	27	294	1,182	1,476
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	1,756	158	178	1,421	1,599
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	155	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	100	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	1,230	25	202	1,003	1,206
Past Month Cigarette Use	987	17	147	823	970
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	3,295	288	395	2,612	3,007
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	106	12	36	58	94
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	30	2	6	22	28
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	339	10	90	239	329
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	397	19	104	273	378
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	98	11	32	54	86
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	320	9	84	227	311
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	362	18	103	241	344
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	47	169	217
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	160	662	822
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	100	643	743
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	68	136	204
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	61	88	245	333
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WISCONSIN

Table 110 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Wisconsin, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	9.12	6.97	21.69	7.31	9.34
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.70	12.61	30.13	9.84	12.71
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.89	5.91	18.82	6.33	8.09
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	23.26	23.98	10.38	25.31	23.19
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	2.16	5.56	8.34	0.50	1.57
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	3.00	2.06	6.64	2.51	3.10
Past Year Cocaine Use	2.02	0.58	6.19	1.50	2.16
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	69.23	50.67	61.09	72.72	71.07
Past Year Heroin Use	0.37	0.06	0.69	0.35	0.40
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.62	63.76	81.11	88.88	87.78
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.45	0.13	1.08	0.38	0.48
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	3.83	3.04	7.37	3.35	3.91
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	61.60	10.73	68.43	66.42	66.71
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	30.81	6.02	46.92	31.05	33.29
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	36.01	35.40	28.37	37.33	36.07
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	23.26	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15.01	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	25.23	5.51	32.32	26.36	27.20
Past Month Cigarette Use	20.23	3.85	23.46	21.61	21.88
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.56	64.76	63.06	68.62	67.83
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.17	2.76	5.69	1.52	2.11
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.62	0.45	0.98	0.59	0.64
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.96	2.27	14.44	6.28	7.43
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	8.13	4.23	16.68	7.18	8.52
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.00	2.55	5.18	1.41	1.95
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.56	2.05	13.36	5.97	7.01
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.42	4.00	16.52	6.32	7.76
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.53	4.45	4.88
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	25.53	17.40	18.54
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.99	16.89	16.76
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.87	3.57	4.60
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	13.66	13.99	6.44	7.50
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WYOMING

Table 111 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Wyoming, by Age Group: Estimated Numbers (in Thousands), Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	41	3	11	27	38
Past Year Marijuana Use	58	5	18	36	53
Past Month Marijuana Use	34	3	10	22	31
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	121	12	9	100	109
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	5	2	2	1	3
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	14	1	3	10	13
Past Year Cocaine Use	8	0	3	4	7
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	345	25	38	282	320
Past Year Heroin Use	1	0	0	1	1
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	411	29	49	333	382
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	4	0	1	3	4
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	20	1	4	14	19
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	239	4	35	200	235
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	114	2	24	88	112
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	203	18	21	164	186
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	15	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	9	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	129	3	23	103	126
Past Month Cigarette Use	96	2	17	76	94
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	324	28	37	260	297
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	12	2	3	7	11
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	3	0	1	2	3
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	30	1	7	22	29
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	37	2	9	26	35
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	10	1	3	5	8
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	30	1	7	23	29
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	34	2	8	24	32
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	5	16	21
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	16	72	88
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	9	49	59
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	6	13	19
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	6	8	23	31
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. NOTE: Estimated numbers appearing as 0 in this table mean that the estimate is greater than 0 but less than 500 because estimated numbers are shown in thousands. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual number of marijuana initiates = X₁ ÷ 2, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.

180816

WYOMING

Table 112 – Selected Drug Use, Perceptions of Great Risk, Past Year Substance Use Disorder and Treatment, and Past Year Mental Health Measures in Wyoming, by Age Group: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2016-2017 NSDUHs
Measure	12+	12-17	18-25	26+	18+
ILLICIT DRUGS
Past Month Illicit Drug Use^1,2	8.63	7.54	17.78	7.30	8.74
Past Year Marijuana Use	12.15	11.75	29.33	9.46	12.19
Past Month Marijuana Use	7.10	5.76	16.50	5.77	7.24
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking Marijuana Once a Month	25.14	26.54	15.53	26.52	24.99
First Use of Marijuana^3,4	1.87	4.45	7.28	0.50	1.42
Past Month Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana^1,2	2.87	2.03	5.49	2.56	2.96
Past Year Cocaine Use	1.59	0.83	4.83	1.17	1.67
Perceptions of Great Risk from Using Cocaine Once a Month	71.96	55.91	64.39	75.04	73.58
Past Year Heroin Use	0.31	0.08	0.62	0.29	0.34
Perceptions of Great Risk from Trying Heroin Once or Twice	85.71	64.45	82.17	88.74	87.83
Past Year Methamphetamine Use	0.81	0.23	1.58	0.75	0.86
Past Year Misuse of Pain Relievers²	4.18	3.09	7.41	3.80	4.29
ALCOHOL
Past Month Alcohol Use	49.88	9.68	57.76	53.37	53.97
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use⁵	23.81	5.23	39.41	23.52	25.70
Perceptions of Great Risk from Having Five or More Drinks of an Alcoholic Beverage Once or Twice a Week	42.45	40.58	35.80	43.73	42.64
Past Month Alcohol Use⁶ (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	21.56	--	--	--	--
Past Month Binge Alcohol Use^5,6 (Individuals Aged 12 to 20)	13.11	--	--	--	--
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
Past Month Tobacco Product Use⁷	26.98	6.62	38.59	27.54	29.06
Past Month Cigarette Use	19.95	4.48	29.28	20.29	21.52
Perceptions of Great Risk from Smoking One or More Packs of Cigarettes per Day	67.68	62.36	61.79	69.24	68.22
PAST YEAR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AND TREATMENT
Illicit Drug Use Disorder^1,2,8	2.53	3.47	5.82	1.90	2.44
Pain Reliever Use Disorder^2,8	0.67	0.53	1.02	0.64	0.69
Alcohol Use Disorder⁸	6.34	2.68	11.90	5.88	6.71
Substance Use Disorder^1,2,8	7.80	5.40	14.37	7.04	8.05
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use^1,2,9	2.05	3.13	5.40	1.39	1.94
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use⁹	6.36	2.35	11.20	6.06	6.77
Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Substance Use^1,2,9	7.12	4.48	13.23	6.46	7.39
PAST YEAR MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES
Serious Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	7.66	4.39	4.84
Any Mental Illness^4,10	--	--	26.55	19.25	20.25
Received Mental Health Services¹¹	--	--	15.78	13.12	13.48
Had Serious Thoughts of Suicide¹²	--	--	10.57	3.41	4.39
Major Depressive Episode^4,13	--	14.20	12.85	6.25	7.15
-- Not available. NOTE: Estimates are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. ¹ Illicit Drug Use includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of marijuana, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. Illicit Drug Use Other Than Marijuana includes the misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics or the use of cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or methamphetamine. ² Misuse of prescription psychotherapeutics is defined as use in any way not directed by a doctor, including use without a prescription of one's own; use in greater amounts, more often, or longer than told; or use in any other way not directed by a doctor. Prescription psychotherapeutics do not include over-the-counter drugs. ³ First Use of Marijuana is defined as follows: Average annual initiation of marijuana (%) = 100 × {[X₁ × (0.5 ÷ X₁ + X₂)] ÷ 2}, where X₁ is the number of marijuana initiates in the past 24 months and X₂ is the number of individuals who never used marijuana (with the at-risk population defined as 0.5 × X₁ + X₂). Both of the computation components, X₁ and X₂, are based on a survey-weighted hierarchical Bayes estimation approach. The age group shown is based on a respondent's age at the time of the interview, not his or her age at first use. ⁴ For details, see Section B of the "2016-2017 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of Small Area Estimation Methodology" at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/. ⁵ Binge Alcohol Use is defined as drinking five or more drinks (for males) or four or more drinks (for females) on the same occasion (i.e., at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other) on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. ⁶ Underage drinking is defined for individuals aged 12 to 20; therefore, the "12+" estimate reflects that age group and not individuals aged 12 or older. ⁷ Tobacco Products include cigarettes, smokeless tobacco (i.e., snuff, dip, chewing tobacco, or "snus"), cigars, or pipe tobacco. ⁸ Substance Use Disorder is defined as meeting criteria for illicit drug or alcohol dependence or abuse. Dependence or abuse is based on definitions found in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). ⁹ Respondents were classified as needing substance use treatment if they met the criteria for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder as defined in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) or received treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use at a specialty facility (i.e., drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility [inpatient or outpatient], hospital [inpatient only], or mental health center). Needing But Not Receiving Substance Use Treatment refers to respondents who are classified as needing illicit drug or alcohol treatment, but who did not receive illicit drug or alcohol treatment at a specialty facility. ¹⁰ Mental illness is defined as having a diagnosable mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder, other than a developmental or substance use disorder, assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition—Research Version—Axis I Disorders (MHSS-SCID), which is based on the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Any mental illness (AMI) includes adults with any mental disorder regardless of whether their disorder resulted in functional impairment. Serious mental illness (SMI) includes adults with any mental disorder that resulted in serious functional impairment. ¹¹ Mental health services are defined as having received inpatient treatment/counseling or outpatient treatment/counseling or having used prescription medication for problems with emotions, nerves, or mental health. Respondents were not to include treatment for drug or alcohol use. ¹² Respondents were asked, "At any time in the past 12 months, did you seriously think about trying to kill yourself?" If they answered "Yes," they were categorized as having serious thoughts of suicide in the past year. ¹³ Major depressive episode (MDE) is defined as in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), which specifies a period of at least 2 weeks when an individual experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities and had a majority of specified depression symptoms. There are minor wording differences in the questions in the adult and adolescent MDE modules. Therefore, data from youths aged 12 to 17 were not combined with data from adults aged 18 or older to produce an estimate for those aged 12 or older. Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2016 and 2017.