60623

Table 4.1B Past Year Initiation of Illicit Drug Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Illicit Drug Use, and Past Year Illicit Drug Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2004 and 2005

Demographic Characteristic	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
TOTAL	2,784	2,908	1.2	1.2	2.1	2.2	8.0	8.3
AGE
12-25	2,305	2,329	4.0	4.0	7.0	6.9	14.2	14.4
12-17	1,487	1,501	5.9	5.9	7.8	7.6	28.1	29.8
12-13	278	321	3.3	3.9	3.8	4.4	36.0	41.5
14-15	599	603	6.9	6.9	9.0	8.6	32.7a	37.1
16-17	610	577	7.5	6.9	12.0	10.6	22.6	21.8
18-25	818	828	2.5	2.5	5.9	5.9	7.5	7.5
18-20	604	585	4.8	4.5	9.9	9.3	12.5	11.9
21-25	214	243	1.1	1.2	2.7	3.1	3.5	3.9
26 or Older	479	579	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.6	2.6	3.1
GENDER
Male	1,173	1,273	1.0	1.1	2.0	2.1	6.0	6.4
Female	1,611	1,635	1.3	1.3	2.2	2.2	10.6	10.8
GENDER/AGE
Male 12-17	691	734	5.4	5.7	7.2	7.3	26.0	28.7
Female 12-17	796	767	6.5	6.2	8.4	7.8	30.1	30.9
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.2B Past Year Initiation of Marijuana Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Marijuana Use, and Past Year Marijuana Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2004 and 2005

Demographic Characteristic	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
TOTAL	2,142	2,114	0.9	0.9	1.5	1.4	8.4	8.3
AGE
12-25	1,965	1,862	3.4	3.2	5.2	4.9	15.6	14.9
12-17	1,252	1,139	5.0	4.5	5.8a	5.2	34.2	33.7
12-13	138	115	1.6	1.4	1.7	1.4	59.8	54.6
14-15	511	482	5.9	5.5	6.7	6.1	42.8	45.9
16-17	603	542	7.4	6.4	10.3a	8.8	27.0	25.5
18-25	714	723	2.2	2.2	4.5	4.5	8.0	7.9
18-20	575	539	4.6	4.2	8.3	7.5	14.2	13.1
21-25	138	184	0.7	0.9	1.5	2.1	2.8	3.7
26 or Older	176	252	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	1.4	2.0
GENDER
Male	918	975	0.8	0.8	1.4	1.5	6.0	6.3
Female	1,224	1,139	1.0	0.9	1.5	1.4	12.0	11.5
GENDER/AGE
Male 12-17	577	549	4.5	4.2	5.3	4.9	30.1	30.6
Female 12-17	675	590	5.5a	4.8	6.3a	5.4	38.8	37.2
*Low precision; no estimate reported. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.3B Past Year Initiation of Cigarette Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Cigarette Use, and Past Year Cigarette Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2004 and 2005

Demographic Characteristic	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
TOTAL	2,122	2,282	0.9	0.9	2.6	2.7	3.0	3.2
AGE
12-25	2,059	2,151	3.6	3.7	6.9	6.9	10.3	10.9
12-17	1,294	1,303	5.1	5.1	6.8	6.6	27.9	29.7
12-13	230	227	2.7	2.8	3.0	3.0	46.6	46.7
14-15	477	520	5.5	6.0	7.2	7.5	30.4b	37.6
16-17	587	556	7.2	6.6	12.0	10.5	22.7	22.1
18-25	765	848	2.4	2.6	7.1	7.4	5.0	5.5
18-20	607	659	4.8	5.1	11.8	11.9	10.5	11.3
21-25	158	189	0.8	1.0	2.8	3.2	1.7	2.0
26 or Older	63	131	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.3
GENDER
Male	973	1,101	0.8	0.9	2.9	3.2	2.6	2.9
Female	1,150	1,181	0.9	0.9	2.4	2.4	3.6	3.6
GENDER/AGE
Male 12-17	565	611	4.4	4.7	5.8	6.0	25.3	27.9
Female 12-17	729	693	5.9	5.6	7.8	7.1	30.2	31.5
*Low precision; no estimate reported. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.4B Past Year Initiation of Alcohol Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Alcohol Use, and Past Year Alcohol Users Aged 12 or Older, by Demographic Characteristics: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2004 and 2005

Demographic Characteristic	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
TOTAL	4,396	4,274	1.8	1.8	9.4	9.3	2.8	2.6
AGE
12-25	4,228	4,170	7.4	7.2	18.2	17.5	12.6	12.4
12-17	2,743	2,749	10.9	10.8	15.8	15.4	32.1	32.5
12-13	472	434	5.6	5.3	6.4	5.9	49.9	48.0
14-15	1,222	1,188	14.1	13.7	20.0	19.0	40.4	40.3
16-17	1,049	1,127	12.8	13.4	27.5	27.0	23.0	24.5
18-25	1,484	1,421	4.6	4.4	25.0	23.4	5.9	5.6
18-20	1,004	998	8.0	7.7	29.4	27.7	11.1	10.8
21-25	481	423	2.4	2.2	19.1	17.1	3.0	2.6
26 or Older	169	105	0.1	0.1	0.7	0.5	0.1	0.1
GENDER
Male	1,985	1,988	1.7	1.7	10.8	10.9	2.4	2.4
Female	2,411	2,286	1.9	1.8	8.5	8.3	3.2	2.9
GENDER/AGE
Male 12-17	1,285	1,270	10.0	9.8	14.6	14.1	30.6	30.7
Female 12-17	1,458	1,479	11.8	11.9	17.1	16.8	33.7	34.3
*Low precision; no estimate reported. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.5B Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, Persons Aged 12 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 12 or Older: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2004 and 2005

Substance	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS3	2,784	2,908	1.2	1.2	2.1	2.2	8.0	8.3
Marijuana and Hashish	2,142	2,114	0.9	0.9	1.5	1.4	8.4	8.3
Cocaine	998	872	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.4	17.6	15.8
Crack	215	230	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	16.5	16.6
Heroin	118	108	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	29.6	28.5
Hallucinogens	934	953	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5	24.1	25.0
LSD	235	243	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	39.7	43.1
PCP	106	77	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	*	*
Ecstasy	607	615	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	31.7	31.4
Inhalants	857	877	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	38.0	40.1
Nonmedical Use of         Psychotherapeutics4	2,836	2,526	1.2a	1.0	1.5a	1.3	19.4b	16.6
Pain Relievers	2,422	2,193	1.0	0.9	1.1	1.0	21.5a	18.6
OxyContin®	615	526	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2	50.7	42.9
Tranquilizers	1,180	1,286	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.6	23.3	24.5
Stimulants	793	647	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.3	27.2	23.4
Methamphetamine	318b	192	0.1b	0.1	0.1b	0.1	22.1a	14.8
Sedatives	240	247	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	32.5	32.9
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA3	2,664	2,768	1.1	1.1	1.5	1.6	13.5	13.8
CIGARETTES	2,122	2,282	0.9	0.9	2.6	2.7	3.0	3.2
Daily Cigarette Use5	1,101	965	0.5	0.4	0.7	0.6	--	--
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	999	1,134	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.6	10.2	10.9
CIGARS	3,058	3,349	1.3	1.4	2.0	2.1	11.8	12.4
ALCOHOL	4,396	4,274	1.8	1.8	9.4	9.3	2.8	2.6
*Low precision; no estimate reported. -- Not available. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year. 3 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.6B Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 to 17, Persons Aged 12 to 17 At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 12 to 17: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2004 and 2005

Substance	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS3	1,487	1,501	5.9	5.9	7.8	7.6	28.1	29.8
Marijuana and Hashish	1,252	1,139	5.0	4.5	5.8a	5.2	34.2	33.7
Cocaine	274	286	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	66.7	67.5
Crack	42	32	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	*	*
Heroin	31	18	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	*	*
Hallucinogens	437	398	1.7	1.6	1.8	1.6	58.0	59.8
LSD	99	105	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	62.8	69.6
PCP	43	55	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	*	*
Ecstasy	225	183	0.9	0.7	0.9	0.7	72.7	71.4
Inhalants	603	605	2.4	2.4	2.6	2.6	51.6	52.9
Nonmedical Use of         Psychotherapeutics4	980a	850	3.9a	3.4	4.3b	3.7	44.1	40.4
Pain Relievers	908a	782	3.6a	3.1	3.9a	3.3	48.7	44.9
OxyContin®	141	127	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.5	72.8	67.7
Tranquilizers	310	274	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.1	58.3	55.1
Stimulants	271	264	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1	54.7	52.4
Methamphetamine	99	84	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3	60.6	49.2
Sedatives	66	59	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2	49.6	*
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA3	1,171	1,172	4.6	4.6	5.6	5.4	35.8	37.5
CIGARETTES	1,294	1,303	5.1	5.1	6.8	6.6	27.9	29.7
Daily Cigarette Use5	417a	334	1.7a	1.3	1.7a	1.4	--	--
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	447a	545	1.8a	2.1	1.9a	2.3	41.2b	49.3
CIGARS	1,246	1,270	4.9	5.0	5.5	5.5	48.5	51.1
ALCOHOL	2,743	2,749	10.9	10.8	15.8	15.4	32.1	32.5
*Low precision; no estimate reported. -- Not available. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year. 3 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.7B Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 18 to 25, Persons Aged 18 to 25 At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 18 to 25: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2004 and 2005

Substance	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS3	818	828	2.5	2.5	5.9	5.9	7.5	7.5
Marijuana and Hashish	714	723	2.2	2.2	4.5	4.5	8.0	7.9
Cocaine	592	498	1.8	1.5	2.1	1.8	27.7b	22.2
Crack	120	142	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	45.8	43.5
Heroin	46	57	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	*	*
Hallucinogens	412	475	1.3	1.5	1.6	1.8	21.2	23.2
LSD	112	114	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4	35.3	35.4
PCP	49	22	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	*	*
Ecstasy	303	322	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.1	30.4	32.2
Inhalants	225	240	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	33.4	35.1
Nonmedical Use of         Psychotherapeutics4	945	847	2.9	2.6	4.0	3.6	19.9a	17.3
Pain Relievers	830	803	2.6	2.5	3.3	3.2	21.6	19.9
OxyContin®	290a	214	0.9a	0.7	0.9a	0.7	51.6b	38.4
Tranquilizers	422	456	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.6	25.5	25.4
Stimulants	344	276	1.1	0.8	1.2	0.9	29.1	23.8
Methamphetamine	139a	88	0.4a	0.3	0.5a	0.3	27.0a	18.2
Sedatives	53	67	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	32.5	35.0
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA3	885	904	2.7	2.8	4.3	4.4	14.3	14.0
CIGARETTES	765	848	2.4	2.6	7.1	7.4	5.0	5.5
Daily Cigarette Use5	566	493	1.8	1.5	2.6	2.3	--	--
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	432	506	1.3	1.6	1.7	1.9	16.8	18.3
CIGARS	1,199	1,332	3.7	4.1	6.2	6.7	15.5	17.0
ALCOHOL	1,484	1,421	4.6	4.4	25.0	23.4	5.9	5.6
*Low precision; no estimate reported. -- Not available. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year. 3 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.8B Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 26 or Older, Persons Aged 26 or Older At Risk for Initiation of Substance Use, and Past Year Substance Users Aged 26 or Older: Numbers in Thousands and Percentages, 2004 and 2005

Substance	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG TOTAL POPULATION1		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PERSONS AT RISK FOR INITIATION1,2		PERCENTAGE OF PAST YEAR INITIATES AMONG PAST YEAR USERS1
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS3	479	579	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.6	2.6	3.1
Marijuana and Hashish	176	252	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	1.4	2.0
Cocaine	133	87	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	4.3	3.1
Crack	53	55	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.4	5.5
Heroin	40	33	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	*	*
Hallucinogens	85	80	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	7.2	7.3
LSD	24	24	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	*	*
PCP	14	*	0.0	*	0.0	*	*	*
Ecstasy	78	110	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	*	15.6
Inhalants	29	32	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	*	*
Nonmedical Use of         Psychotherapeutics4	911	829	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.6	11.9	10.1
Pain Relievers	684	608	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	12.3	10.1
OxyContin®	183	185	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	*	*
Tranquilizers	448	557	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	15.6	18.8
Stimulants	178	108	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	14.3	9.7
Methamphetamine	80a	21	0.0a	0.0	0.0a	0.0	10.5	3.2
Sedatives	121	121	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	*	*
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA3	608	691	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.5	6.0	6.6
CIGARETTES	63	131	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1	0.3
Daily Cigarette Use5	118	137	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	--	--
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	121	83	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	2.0	1.3
CIGARS	614	747	0.3	0.4	0.5	0.6	3.9	4.5
ALCOHOL	169	105	0.1	0.1	0.7	0.5	0.1	0.1
*Low precision; no estimate reported. -- Not available. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 At Risk for Initiation is defined as persons who did not use the substance(s) in their lifetime or used the substance(s) for the first time in the past year. 3 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 4 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 5 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.9A Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2004 and 2005

Substance	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1
	Total		Male		Female
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS2	2,784	2,908	1,173	1,273	1,611	1,635
Marijuana and Hashish	2,142	2,114	918	975	1,224	1,139
Cocaine	998	872	590	471	408	401
Crack	215	230	102	104	112	126
Heroin	118	108	61	58	56	50
Hallucinogens	934	953	506	555	427	398
LSD	235	243	141	176	94	67
PCP	106	77	55	38	51	39
Ecstasy	607	615	336	345	271	270
Inhalants	857	877	434	439	422	437
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3	2,836	2,526	1,189	1,020	1,648	1,506
Pain Relievers	2,422	2,193	1,093	926	1,329	1,267
OxyContin®	615	526	339	303	276	223
Tranquilizers	1,180	1,286	452	559	729	727
Stimulants	793	647	341	265	452	382
Methamphetamine	318b	192	142	97	176a	95
Sedatives	240	247	79	84	160	163
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA2	2,664	2,768	1,224	1,180	1,439	1,588
CIGARETTES	2,122	2,282	973	1,101	1,150	1,181
Daily Cigarette Use4	1,101	965	594	508	507	457
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	999	1,134	727	846	272	288
CIGARS	3,058	3,349	1,589	1,724	1,469	1,625
ALCOHOL	4,396	4,274	1,985	1,988	2,411	2,286
*Low precision; no estimate reported. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.10A Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 18, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2004 and 2005

Substance	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1
	Total		Male		Female
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS2	1,617	1,631	763	802	854	828
Marijuana and Hashish	1,367	1,249	642	609	725	640
Cocaine	341	328	179	155	162	174
Crack	67	46	31	20	35	26
Heroin	35	24	20	6	16	17
Hallucinogens	483	456	239	235	244	221
LSD	119	121	69	81	50	40
PCP	48	58	22	28	27	30
Ecstasy	257	209	111	100	146	109
Inhalants	643	633	323	286	319	348
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3	1,097b	932	476	426	622a	507
Pain Relievers	1,018b	861	446	395	572a	466
OxyContin®	165	149	83	83	82	66
Tranquilizers	348	316	137	149	212	167
Stimulants	301	296	120	112	182	185
Methamphetamine	112	99	42	41	70	57
Sedatives	74	64	30	25	44	39
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA2	1,293	1,275	608	595	685	681
CIGARETTES	1,438	1,448	645	687	793	761
Daily Cigarette Use4	545b	416	257	227	287b	189
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	495a	611	378a	462	117	149
CIGARS	1,409	1,456	782	862	627	595
ALCOHOL	3,002	2,970	1,411	1,388	1,590	1,582
*Low precision; no estimate reported. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.11A Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 21, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2004 and 2005

Substance	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1
	Total		Male		Female
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS2	2,128	2,127	955	1,036	1,173	1,091
Marijuana and Hashish	1,858	1,709	845	836	1,012a	873
Cocaine	681	584	396a	297	285	287
Crack	122	115	66	68	55	47
Heroin	56	53	33	22	23	31
Hallucinogens	731	743	398	429	334	314
LSD	185	194	109	135	75	59
PCP	75	71	44	38	31	33
Ecstasy	428	415	219	227	209	188
Inhalants	779	783	401	392	378	391
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3	1,621b	1,380	703	624	917b	757
Pain Relievers	1,457a	1,272	661	574	797	698
OxyContin®	306	251	163	138	143	113
Tranquilizers	545	548	229	265	316	284
Stimulants	526	451	206	187	320	265
Methamphetamine	175	144	71	67	104	76
Sedatives	97	97	42	39	55	59
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA2	1,778	1,796	849	853	929	943
CIGARETTES	1,928	1,998	897	965	1,030	1,033
Daily Cigarette Use4	887a	736	471	401	417a	335
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	767a	919	585a	699	182	219
CIGARS	2,179	2,281	1,234	1,295	945	986
ALCOHOL	3,818	3,798	1,790	1,798	2,028	1,999
*Low precision; no estimate reported. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.12A Past Year Initiation of Substance Use among Persons Aged 12 to 49, by Gender: Numbers in Thousands, 2004 and 2005

Substance	NUMBER OF PAST YEAR INITIATES (1,000s)1
	Total		Male		Female
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS2	2,638	2,709	1,158	1,231	1,480	1,478
Marijuana and Hashish	2,092	1,984	918	932	1,174	1,052
Cocaine	998	859	590a	458	408	401
Crack	215	230	102	104	112	126
Heroin	118	108	61	58	56	50
Hallucinogens	934	953	506	555	427	398
LSD	235	243	141	176	94	67
PCP	106	77	55	38	51	39
Ecstasy	607	613	336	343	271	270
Inhalants	857	877	434	439	422	437
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics3	2,612a	2,332	1,121	995	1,492	1,337
Pain Relievers	2,244	2,033	1,028	894	1,217	1,139
OxyContin®	583	478	308	254	276	223
Tranquilizers	1,151	1,234	452	545	699	689
Stimulants	729	647	292	265	436	382
Methamphetamine	302b	192	142	97	160a	95
Sedatives	196	179	79	71	116	108
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA2	2,531	2,617	1,205	1,180	1,326	1,437
CIGARETTES	2,122	2,282	973	1,101	1,150	1,181
Daily Cigarette Use4	1,101	965	594	508	507	457
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	977a	1,130	710a	842	267	288
CIGARS	2,965	3,254	1,545	1,719	1,419	1,535
ALCOHOL	4,296	4,229	1,960	1,972	2,336	2,257
*Low precision; no estimate reported. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. 2 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 3 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 4 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.13B Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 or Older, by Gender: 2004 and 2005

Substance	MEAN AGE
	Total		Male		Female
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS1	20.1	22.0	18.5	19.2	21.2	24.1
Marijuana and Hashish	18.0	20.6	16.7	19.0	19.0	22.0
Cocaine	20.0	20.2	20.0	20.8	20.2	19.4
Crack	21.9	23.4	20.5	22.0	23.1	24.5
Heroin	24.4	22.2	22.7	22.6	26.4	21.7
Hallucinogens	18.7	18.7	18.7	19.2	18.7	18.0
LSD	18.4	18.3	18.2	18.9	18.6	16.8
PCP	18.9a	16.5	17.7	16.6	20.3	16.4
Ecstasy	19.5	20.8	20.5	21.3	18.3	20.2
Inhalants	16.0	16.1	15.7	16.4	16.3	15.8
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2	24.7	24.8	24.1	22.6	25.1	26.3
Pain Relievers	23.3	23.6	22.9	21.9	23.8	24.9
OxyContin®	24.5	26.3	25.2	27.4	23.6	24.8
Tranquilizers	25.2	26.7	23.1	25.8	26.5	27.4
Stimulants	24.1	20.1	27.2	20.2	21.7	20.1
Methamphetamine	22.1a	18.6	20.8	19.1	23.1	18.1
Sedatives	29.3	35.0	21.6	28.4	33.1	38.4
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1	21.7	22.5	20.5	19.9	22.7	24.3
CIGARETTES	16.7	17.3	16.6	17.2	16.8	17.3
Daily Cigarette Use3	18.8	19.7	19.0	19.2	18.6	20.2
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	19.7	18.5	19.1	18.3	21.3	18.9
CIGARS	21.3	22.2	20.1	19.8	22.7	24.8
ALCOHOL	17.5	16.8	16.6	16.7	18.3	16.9
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 2 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 3 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.14B Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 18, by Gender: 2004 and 2005

Substance	MEAN AGE
	Total		Male		Female
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS1	14.7	14.6	14.8	14.7	14.7	14.6
Marijuana and Hashish	15.0	15.1	15.0	15.1	15.0	15.1
Cocaine	15.8	15.9	15.8	16.2	15.9	15.7
Crack	16.0	16.4	16.3	16.5	15.7	16.3
Heroin	15.8	15.0	15.7	*	15.9	15.1
Hallucinogens	15.3	15.5	15.4	15.7	15.1	15.2
LSD	15.3	15.3	15.5	15.6	15.1	14.7
PCP	15.0	15.3	14.7	15.8	15.2	14.9
Ecstasy	15.6	15.6	15.9	15.7	15.3	15.5
Inhalants	14.3	14.0	14.3	14.1	14.2	14.0
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2	15.1	15.1	15.4	15.4	14.9	14.9
Pain Relievers	15.1	15.1	15.4	15.4	14.9	14.9
OxyContin®	15.7	15.7	16.0	15.7	15.4	15.7
Tranquilizers	15.5	15.5	15.5	15.8	15.4	15.3
Stimulants	15.1	15.3	15.2	15.5	15.0	15.2
Methamphetamine	15.2	15.3	15.4	15.5	15.0	15.1
Sedatives	14.3	14.8	14.5	15.1	14.1	14.6
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1	14.8	14.7	14.9	14.9	14.7	14.5
CIGARETTES	14.9	14.9	15.1	14.9	14.7	14.8
Daily Cigarette Use3	15.5	15.6	15.7	15.8	15.3	15.3
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	15.2	15.1	15.2	15.1	15.1	15.1
CIGARS	15.2	15.3	15.2	15.3	15.4	15.4
ALCOHOL	14.7	14.8	14.8	14.9	14.7	14.7
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 2 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 3 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.15B Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 or Older Who Initiated Use Prior to the Age of 21, by Gender: 2004 and 2005

Substance	MEAN AGE
	Total		Male		Female
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS1	15.7	15.6	15.5	15.6	15.8	15.6
Marijuana and Hashish	16.0	16.0	15.9	16.0	16.1	16.0
Cocaine	17.3	17.2	17.5	17.4	17.1	17.0
Crack	17.2a	17.9	17.6	18.1	16.8	17.5
Heroin	17.1	17.1	17.1	17.4	17.1	16.9
Hallucinogens	16.4	16.7	16.7	17.0	16.1	16.3
LSD	16.5	16.6	16.6	16.8	16.3	16.0
PCP	16.3	15.9	16.8	16.5	15.7	15.3
Ecstasy	16.8a	17.2	17.3	17.4	16.3a	16.9
Inhalants	15.1	15.0	15.1	15.4	15.0	14.5
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2	16.3	16.3	16.4	16.5	16.2	16.2
Pain Relievers	16.2	16.3	16.5	16.5	16.0	16.2
OxyContin®	17.3	17.1	17.4	17.1	17.0	17.0
Tranquilizers	16.7	16.9	16.8	17.1	16.6	16.8
Stimulants	16.7	16.5	16.8	16.9	16.7	16.3
Methamphetamine	16.4	16.4	16.8	16.6	16.2	16.1
Sedatives	15.4	16.0	15.8	16.2	15.1	16.0
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1	15.9	15.9	15.9	16.1	15.8	15.7
CIGARETTES	15.8	15.9	16.0	15.9	15.6	15.9
Daily Cigarette Use3	16.8	16.9	17.0	17.0	16.5	16.8
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	16.5	16.3	16.5	16.3	16.5	16.3
CIGARS	16.4	16.5	16.4	16.4	16.5	16.7
ALCOHOL	15.6	15.6	15.6	15.7	15.6	15.5
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 2 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 3 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.

60623

Table 4.16B Mean Age at First Use among Past Year Initiates of Substance Use Aged 12 to 49, by Gender: 2004 and 2005

Substance	MEAN AGE
	Total		Male		Female
	2004	2005	2004	2005	2004	2005
ILLICIT DRUGS1	18.1	18.7	17.9	17.7	18.3	19.5
Marijuana and Hashish	17.1	17.4	16.7	17.0	17.5	17.7
Cocaine	20.0	19.7	20.0	19.8	20.2	19.4
Crack	21.9	23.4	20.5	22.0	23.1	24.5
Heroin	24.4	22.2	22.7	22.6	26.4	21.7
Hallucinogens	18.7	18.7	18.7	19.2	18.7	18.0
LSD	18.4	18.3	18.2	18.9	18.6	16.8
PCP	18.9a	16.5	17.7	16.6	20.3	16.4
Ecstasy	19.5	20.7	20.5	21.1	18.3	20.2
Inhalants	16.0	16.1	15.7	16.4	16.3	15.8
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics2	21.7	22.2	21.2	21.7	22.0	22.5
Pain Relievers	20.9	21.2	20.9	20.8	21.0	21.5
OxyContin®	22.9	23.2	22.3	21.9	23.6	24.8
Tranquilizers	24.4	25.7	23.1	25.1	25.2	26.1
Stimulants	20.0	20.1	19.0	20.2	20.7	20.1
Methamphetamine	20.6	18.6	20.8	19.1	20.4	18.1
Sedatives	23.5	22.9	21.6	21.9	24.9	23.5
ILLICIT DRUGS OTHER THAN MARIJUANA1	19.9	20.5	19.8	19.9	19.9	21.0
CIGARETTES	16.7	17.3	16.6	17.2	16.8	17.3
Daily Cigarette Use3	18.8	19.7	19.0	19.2	18.6	20.2
SMOKELESS TOBACCO	18.8	18.3	18.1	18.2	20.7	18.9
CIGARS	20.2	21.2	18.9	19.7	21.6	22.9
ALCOHOL	16.4	16.4	16.1	16.4	16.7	16.4
*Low precision; no estimate reported. NOTE: Past Year Initiates are defined as persons who used the substance(s) for the first time in the 12 months prior to date of interview. a Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. b Difference between estimate and 2005 estimate is statistically significant at the 0.01 level. 1 Illicit Drugs include marijuana/hashish, cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. Illicit Drugs Other Than Marijuana include cocaine (including crack), heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, or prescription-type psychotherapeutics used nonmedically. 2 Nonmedical use of prescription-type psychotherapeutics includes the nonmedical use of pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, or sedatives and does not include over-the-counter drugs. 3 Daily Cigarette Use is defined as ever smoking every day for at least 30 days. Source: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2004 and 2005.